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ing the great pain I was in, I began to hope it was possible still to live, till new terrors employed my thoughts. For the people, all full of the notion that it was the day of judgment, and willing therefore to be employed in good works, had loaded themselves with crucifixes and saints; and men and women equally the same, during the intervals between the shocks, were either singing litanies or cruelly tormenting the dy ing with religious ceremonies; and whenever the earth trembled, all on their knees roaring out Misericordia! in the most dismal voice imaginable. The fear, then, that my presence might excite their fanaticism at such a time when all government was at an end (and it was impossible to guess what turn their furious zeal might take against that worst of criminals, a heretic), made me dread the approach of every person. Add to this, that the Caista Pedra (or stony quay), adjoining to this square, had already sunk, and the least rising of the water would overflow us all. In such reflections there passed about two hours, during which time Mr Jorg and his family were come to the square to Mr Graves's family. The fire was now almost opposite, and under the shed, which had at first been quite crowded, there was nobody left but myself; when I heard a cry of "Beat down the cabaras" (stalls), some of which, it seems, had taken fire; and, telling all that were under them to get out, they began immediately to knock down that where I lay. With the greatest difficulty I got myself out before it tumbled down; and, meeting with Mr Jorg and another person, they carried me to Mr Graves's family, and laid me on their bundles.

Mrs Graves I found to be of the common opinion that it was the last day; and, attempting to persuade her to the contrary, she told me it was but of little consequence to us, as the fire was just approaching to the gunpowder-shops opposite, and she expected they would blow up every moment. This new terror stopped my further speaking, and we silently waited the event, which proved, however, most favourable; for there were only three explo

sions, one after the other, making a great report, but not attended with mischief. About this time a poor Irish beggarwoman, who seemed to be half mad, putting her trust in some saint with a strange name, went through the fire in the Rua Nova to Mr Houston's cellar, and brought from thence a bottle of wine to Mr Graves, from whom she would receive no gratuity at such a time as that. Of this Mrs Adford gave me some.

On Sunday morning, about five o'clock, the wind changing, it blew very fresh, and drove the fire with the utmost rapidity down the hill from the Cathedral to our side of the square, which obliged us immediately to move; and their blacks, carrying me opposite to the CustomHouse, left me there till they had conveyed their master's bundles to the other side. But so quick was the progress of the flames, that they presently seized upon the CustomHouse, bursting out all at once with a violent heat. I attempted to get away, but was unable; so remained scorching there till Mr Jorg removed me; and the blacks came and conveyed me again to Mrs Graves's family, laying me, as before, on their bundles. We were now very near the Palace, the roof of which had already tumbled in, and the fires were so much decreased that there seemed to be but little left to burn, and we apprehended no danger except from the falling of the walls, almost all of which were still standing.

About nine o'clock, the sun shining very bright, some boats came to the shore, and carried off a number of persons. A young man, son to our housekeeper, finding me out, told me he was endeavouring to hire a boat to carry his mother (also much hurt, and then in the square) on board ship, and asked me to go with them. To this I hardly answered in the affirmative, supposing all the danger from the fire to be over, and therefore unwilling to leave my only friend, Mr Jorg, behind me.

We were now again in a crowd of people with their bundles, all endeavouring to procure boats. Amongst them I saw Mr George Barclay

lying on a mattress, who had (as I learned afterwards) one of his feet smashed by a stone; but I saw no more either of him or the housekeeper's son. Mr Jorg, returning from the water-side, desired us all to remove thither, or else it would be impossible to procure a boat, for the moment they reached the shore they were filled with people. This was directly complied with, and I found the cool air from the water very refreshing; but it did not long continue so; for in a little time it grew excessively hot, and we soon perceived that the fire, which we imagined we had left so far behind us, had crept along through the low buildings by the water-side, and was just breaking out in a pent-house close by us. This obliged our immediate return into the square; soon after which the fire, by means of a large quantity of timber which lay upon the shore, gained the end of the Palace next to the water, and there, to our great surprise, blazed out fresh again, though it had seemed before to be almost extinguished; and presently we found ourselves every way surrounded by a prodigious fire, attended with such a shower of ashes from the timber by the water-side, that, to keep them off, I was forced (notwithstanding the violent heat) to close my quilt quite over my face. About this time, two chaise machos (or mules), with all their furniture on, were running about loose. The harness of one of them caught fire, and, blazing all over its back, made the mule gallop with the greatest violence backwards and forwards over the people, the other following; whilst I, unable to get out of their way, lay listening to the screams of the people to guess the distance they might be from me, till I heard somebody cry out, "You are on fire!' and feeling my quilt snatched away, saw it thrown on the ground, where, the fire being stamped out with their feet, the quilt was returned to me again. I then told Mrs Graves if she did not remove we should be on fire again; that it was better to go into the corner of the square (where the entrance to the Palace had been), the only place free from bundles, and

whither the wind did not blow the flames, and run the risk of the falling of the walls, than to remain there for the certainty of the fire; but Mrs Graves, whose spirits were quite exhausted, replied that it was impossible to go anywhere to avoid it; that having already removed several times to no purpose, she would stir no farther.

Mr Jorg, however, told me that, if I desired it, he would carry me there, and accordingly did so with the help of the blacks, and placing me upon a small bundle of a Portuguese, they returned. Soon after I heard several Portuguese men and women encouraging each other to attempt an escape through the ruins of the Palace, and soon, mounting over the rubbish, they disappeared. Just then part of an arch, through which they were supposed to pass, fell in, causing a kind of compassionate cry amongst the people; but as none of them returned, I conclude they were successful. About an hour after, the fire still gaining ground, I attracted the attention of a Portuguese woman, who began her prayers in a melancholy tone, holding a crucifix over my head, and the people on their knees, forming a circle round us, joined with her.

As this was what I had all along much feared would happen, I waited the event with the utmost horror, and had determined to feign insensibility, when she abruptly stopped, and immediately the dismal roar of Misericordia ! always attendant on the earthquakes (of which there had been several uncounted by me, as the fire had become the more threatening danger), made me expect another shock; but perceiving no motion, I was surprised, and, venturing to open my quilt, I saw all kneeling down, and that the great square was full of flames; for the people from the adjoining streets had filled it with bundles, which they had left there when the increase of the fire had driven themselves away. These bundles were now all in a blaze, except just in our corner, and under the Palace walls, whither Mr Graves's family had retired; but as the wind blew very fresh, and drove the flames in sheets of fire close slanting

over our heads, expecting them every minute to seize upon us, I lost all my spirits, and, again abandoning myself to despair, thought it was still impossible, after so many escapes, to avoid the sort of death I most dreaded.

After some time passed in these dreadful apprehensions, the wind suddenly abated, and the fire, burning upwards, made no farther progress. This again restored hope to us, and hunger obliged those that had provisions to think of eating, when an Irish Roman Catholic gentlewoman sitting near me asked if my name was not Chase, and said she knew my father many years, and gave me a large piece of water-melon and some bread and water. Mr Jorg also soon after brought me some bread, and, carrying me on his back to Mr Graves's family, left me there; and presently after, going himself with his uncle and the old lady to the water-side (to which there was now a passage, the pent-houses being burnt down), and not returning soon, I began to imagine they were gone, till it was confirmed to me by Mr Waubbes (who was the gentleman that assisted in bringing me to the square), saying that "he was surprised Mr Jorg had left me at last." But, for my own part, I had more reason to be surprised he had not done it before, and to think myself very happy that, after saving my life so many times, he had not deserted me till the most threatening dangers were almost over. Therefore, far from making any complaints, I only wished him the utmost happiness, excited thereto by the warmest gratitude for my preservation. However, as he had been almost the only person that had showed me any attention, I could not but be very uneasy at my present situation; and, determining to exert myself as much as possible, now I had nobody left to depend upon for assistance, I applied immediately to Mr Graves to beg a place in the boat he was endeavouring to procure for his family; to which he replied, "that his own family was sufficient to fill any boat he was likely to get; that it was no time for ceremony; therefore he could not pretend to offer any such thing." Surprised at such an an

VOL. LXXXVIII.-NO. DXXXVIII.

swer, especially as the boats on that river are so large, I asked if his black servants were reckoned part of his family, or, if not, whether he would permit me to employ one of them to try to hire a boat for me? To which Mr Waubbes (to whom one of the blacks, it seemed, belonged) directly answered I was welcome to his servant to go wherever I pleased. Mr Graves also said I might if I liked it, but that it was impossible to get a boat, even if I was to offer a hundred mocdas for one. Knowing that I could not be in a worse situation, I accepted their offers directly, and desired one of the blacks to go immediately to the water-side, to wait there, and to endeavour to procure me a place in a boat, telling him I would give him a thirtysix-shilling piece to get me conveyed up the river to the convent of Madre de Dios, and to carry me thence to Mr Hake's house, just by it, upon his back ;-to make the best bargain he could, and the remainder to be for himself. After which, if I remember well, Mr Graves, having removed us more into the square, nearer to the water-side, placed his own family in a great glass coach which stood at a little distance, leaving only the maid-servant with her bundles, upon which I was laid. There came to her then a poor boy, who seemed to have a crust over his face, begging earnestly for some water.

There being but little left, he was refused. He laid himself down, and, shrieking in the most dreadful agonies, prevailed with her to give him all that there was. Soon after, seeing the two women who had given me the melon going with a man towards the waterside, I desired Mr Graves's maid to apply to them, to ask them if they had any room in their boat, but she was answered in the negative. I begged of her also to call to the watermen, who began now to appear. At last one of them came. I offered him half a moidore, which he refused, saying they were sent only for the servants of the Palace-however, that he would go and consult with his companions upon it. About three o'clock, as I suppose, we began to hear a dreadful rumbling noise

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underground. It seemed to proceed from under the ruins of the Palaceas if the earth had opened there, and the river was rushing in, forcing great stones along with it. The cause of it I could not tell, but it continued till my departure.

Mr Houston, a coffeehouse-man, with whom I had not the least acquaintance, seeing the miserable condition I lay in, came and offered me any assistance in his power. I asked him directly if he was attempting to quit the square before night? -to which he answered he was not; because he wanted to carry away with him some pieces of holland he had saved, and for which he supposed he should hardly be able to procure a conveyance before the next day. I desired him to bring them and sit down by me, which he complied with, to my very great satisfaction; for I almost despaired of receiving any further assistance from Mr Graves's family; and as the night was coming on, I knew not what would become of me without some friendly help. Some time afterwards, when I had given up all hopes of their return, came the two watermen, and offered to carry me, provided they were paid beforehand.

Mr Houston said it was too much, which would have been of little consideration to me at such a time, had not the black boy returned also to tell me he had agreed for a place for eighteen shillings, and that I must go directly. With the greatest joy imaginable, I desired him to take me on his back; nor do I know why I did not ask Mr Houston to go with me, or why he did not himself offer it. I took my leave of him and of Mr Graves's family, who were all just returned from the glass coach, and were in tears disputing amongst themselves (the cause I did not then know). Mr Jorg's partner, Mr Brockleman, was with them, who came ashore in a ship's boat on pur pose to carry them away; but, as I learnt afterwards, they would not accept his offer, because his boat was not large enough to carry all of them and their bundles together at once; therefore chose rather to remain in the square another night than divide.

We were once more put to great distress by the fire; and Mr Houston in the confusion endeavouring to save their bundles, lost his own pieces of holland; however, the next day they all got away safe.

But to return to myself: another black boy offered to attend me. I made no objection, and between the two was conveyed into a large boat almost full of people, and there laid upon a board along the middle of it. A priest that came in afterwards treading upon my lame leg, the increase of pain almost overcame me; however, the coolness of the water, which was very smooth and pleasant, and the evening fine, soon brought me to myself. Going a little way up the river, just beyond the fire, the boat stopped at the Ribeira, or fish-market-a large place, from which there was an open way along the river-side into the country. The people were all put on shore; and to my great surprise, they were going to put me there likewise. Vexed to the last degree at my disappointment, I exerted all the spirits I had left, and told them that they might see in my condition it was to no purpose to set me on shore there: if they would not comply with their agreement, I desired to be carried back to the place whence they had brought me, where the fire had almost spent itself, rather than be placed here to meet with it again. One of them said he knew nothing of any such agreement that his partner was wrong to make it, for they belonged to a town on the other side of the river, and could not have time sufficient. I desired them to carry me as far as they could, and they accordingly proceeded forward. I saw Mr Home going on shore in a ship's boat, but did not speak to him.

When we came to the Horse-Guards, at the end of the city, the watermen said the tide was turning-and, muttering together, I heard them call me a heretic, and the blacks devils; so that I was glad to be rid of them at any rate, and was but roughly put on shore; where, deeming it unsafe they should know I had more money about me than the thirty-six-shilling piece, I chose rather to send the blacks

with one of the boatmen to get the change, and remained myself lying on the ground close to the water; during which a Galician porter came and offered to carry me anywhere I pleased for eighteen shillings; but as the night was coming on, I had not confidence sufficient to trust him. Upon their return, which seemed to me a long time at first, the boatman asked me whether I did not think he had run away with my money?then said it was not good, and talked in an odd kind of manner, to which I made no reply. The black boys also showed no inclination to go any farther, saying they could not get back to their masters in the night unless the watermen would wait, as by their agreement at first they had promised to do. This the watermen said they would still comply with, if they made haste back again; upon which they set out, carrying me by turns on their shoulders, often setting me down to rest themselves; for they were so weakly that I expected them every step to tumble. The distance, I think, cannot be above a mile, but it seemed to us then a long way indeed; and it was with great difficulty I prevailed with them to get on as far as Mr Hake's juinte or country house. The road was pretty full of people going silently along with the most dejected countenances. At one of their resting-places, the blacks put me upon some stone steps leading up to a nobleman's house, which brought the ladies to the window. Imagining I was coming to them, they told me that part of the large house of retirement for widows had just tumbled down. At last they brought me, almost overcome with the increase of pain, to the first gate of Mr Hake's garden, which standing open, we went in, and found the walk leading to the house full of people; but as it was growing dark, I could not distinguish them.

I asked, however, immediately, if Mr Hake was living, and if he were there? neither of which they knew. Proceeding on a little farther, I heard a man speaking English, and, repeating the same questions to him, was only answered that he had lost his wife and three fine children: and even at the house, which was

standing, they either knew nothing or did not mind me; whence concluding that the family had quitted the place, most likely to go on board ship, I was quite in despair what to do with myself, when Mr Joseph Hake, who was at some distance, astonished to hear the voice of a person he had been informed the preceding day was either dead or dying, called out in the greatest surprise to tell his father and mother, and came running immediately to

me.

Mr Hake said that he had believed my case to be desperate, and therefore had wished most heartily to hear I was released from suffering. They received me in the most affectionate manner possible, which filled me with so much joy to be taken so much notice of, that I could not help telling Mr Hake that I sincerely thanked God for lengthening out my days to die under his protection.

They carried me to a tent made of carpets under a vine-walk where their beds were placed, and gave me some strong white wine and bread and butter, at that time exquisite and refreshing to me; but they feared to give me as much as I would have desired. The two black boys I joyfully dismissed, equally pleased with eighteen shillings each.

Mr Hake sent for the King's farrier, who was also a famous bonesetter, then in the garden with his family. This man, with the help of a barber-surgeon, examined me immediately, and declared there was nothing broke but the arm; that all the rest were only wounds and bruises, and, if fever could be kept off, I might do very well again. They set my arm immediately, but did not perceive the dislocation of the shoulder, and my left side was at that time the most painful to me. Their opinion of me being more favourable than I could have expected from my outward appearance, I determined by patience to make up for the deficiencies of all the conveniences which another time might have afforded; yet about the middle of the night, when the family had laid themselves down to rest, my left side grew so bad that it almost took away my breath, and at the same time a be

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