: queen's prerogative royal, seeing it was (as I After this the Assizes approaching, and the general report being that it would go hard with me; I being desirous to use any good means, did not only solicit the earl of Essex, and sir Walter Raleigh, who had heretofore dealt for me; but also I was advised to write again unto Mr. Nowell, earnestly charging him to take my case to heart, seeing he had promised to procure me favour: whereupon i wrote unto him this Letter following: Right worshipful Mr. Nowell. to draw that from a Preacher and Professor of the Gospel, which afterward shall be used to hasten his end: and you will say it had been better that you had never been of any reckoning, thau to be made an instrument to further such an action. This I write unto you, not in any troubled affection with the fear of death, for I thank God I am willing to end my days, and (if it please the Lord), even in 'this manner; and hope that my death shall further the cause for which I suffer, more than my life: but lest I should neglect any 'means which might seem to be a furtherance to prevent the same, or leave that duty unperformed unto you, which I take myself in con'science bound to discharge. The Lord make us willing and able to discharge every good 'duty, that he enjoineth us, to his glory, the good of his Church, and our own comfort, whether by Life or Death!' immediately returned unto the White-Lion in The just Copy of the King's Letter sent to her About the same time came a Letter from the king of Scotland to a Scotish merchant, one Mr. Johnson, lying in London, to be delivered to her majesty (as was said), being written in my behalf, as he had done once before when I was close Prisoner; this Letter did the merchant. deliver to her majesty, and the dean of Paul's upon my Letter went to the Council; whereby whatsoever was wrought, as soon as As I did rejoice when I perceived that you the Judges heard that I was brought to Kingwere ere employed to deal with me about my Sub-ston, where the Assizes were then kept, I was mission, because of that reverend estimation that you have been so long, among the Worthies in the Church of God; hoping, that I should have found thereby, some comfortable means of mediation unto authority for my release: so I am now occasioned to fear that all that ⚫ credit which you are of, shall be used as an instrument to further and hasten extremity upon me. For so much time being passed since I voluntarily yielded to that Submission which you brought unto me, and no liberty appearing from any place, but rather that being given out, that my Submission shall be a special means to hasten my death, and no way to procure my liberty; I am constrained to write unto you, to let you understand, that as I look for that end the next week at the Assizes at Kingston (where I have been a Preacher which hath so long been threatened but (to the doubling of my torments) deferred; whereunto I doubt not the Lord will strengthen me, as graciously he hath hitherto done: So I pray you, as you will answer unto God for my blood, which I am persuaded your credit being employed to the uttermost (as in the Word and Faith of a Christian you promised) might have preserved, that you would so take my case to heart, as it may inforce you to leave no stone unturned which may either further my liberty, or at least clear your conscience from being any way accessary to my death. For it will one day be an heavy thing to your heart, to think that you should be set on work, and the account that is worthily made of you employed under pretence, yea, and as it were with assurance of life and liberty, YOL. 1. RIGHT Excellent, High and Mighty Princess, our dearest sister and cousin, in our heartiest manner we recommend us unto you: hearing of the apprehension of Mr. Udall, and Mr. Cartwright, and certain other Ministers of the Evangel within your realm, of whose good 'erudition and fruitful travels in the Church, we hear a very credible commendation; how'soever that their diversity from the bishops and others of your clergy, in matters touching them in conscience, hath been a mean by their dilation to work them your misliking; at this present we cannot (weighing the duty which we owe to such as are afflicted for their conscience in that profession) but by our most effectuous and earnest Letter interpone us at your hands, to any harder usage of them for that cause: requesting you most earnestly, that for our cause and intercession it may please you to let them to be relieved of their present strait, and whatsoever further accusations or pursuit depending on that ground, respecting both their former merit, in setting forth of the Evangel, the simplicity of 'their conscience in this defence, which can), 4 P not well be their lett by compulsion, and the great slander which could not fail to fall out upon their further straiting for any such oc'casion: which we assure us your zeal for religion, besides the expectation we have of your good-will to pleasure us, will willingly accord to our request, having such proofs from time to time of our like disposition to you, in any matters which you recommend unto us. And thus, right excellent, right High and Mighty 'Princess, our dear sister and cousin, we commit you to God's good protection. From Edinburgh the 12th day of June, 1591. Presently upon these things fell out that wretched matter of that leud fellow Hacket, whereby the adversary did take occasion so to slander the truth, and to disgrace the professors of the same unto her majesty, that I thought it bootless to sue. And so I did little till the Lord Chancellor was dead, and forgotten by such as were sorry for it; so that about Easter term following, I sued for liberty to go to church, which was denied me, being a condemned man: but by the lord Treasurer's means, I got a copy of my indictment, which before I could not obtain. Hereupon I getting a Pardon framed according to the Indictment, sent it with a Petition by my wife to the Council, who referred me to the Archbishop, unto whom I both had sent divers Petitions, and dutiful Letters, and also got many of my friends, both honourable personages and others, to sue him, yet could not his good-will be gotten. At last the Turkey merchants having my consent to go for a time into Guinea to teach their people that abide in that place, if they could procure my liberty, sent unto him for his consent, who promised his good-will, so that they would be bound that I should go indeed, when I had my liberty. But when two of the antients of the company went unto him for his hand thereunto, he would not yield it, unless they would be bound not only that I should go (which they were willing unto) but also that I should tarry there, till I had her majesty's licence to come thence.This condition they could not yield unto, for that I denied to go upon any such ground; so was their suit, and my hope of liberty, at an end; saving that one Mr. Cavell, who had been the first beginner of it, and being to go into Turkey did most affect it, moved the dean of Paul's in it: who thereupon wrote to my lord Keeper, persuading him of the conveniency of that journey for me, and my fitness thereunto. Which letter when he received, he did so deal with the archbishop, as they both promised at their next meeting at court to deal with her majesty to sign my pardon, that so I might have liberty to go the voyage.-But her majesty never did sign the Pardon, and the Turkey ships going away without him, Udall died in the Marshalsea prison about the end of the year 1592, quite heart-broken with sorrow and grief. 69. The Trial of Sir JOIN PERROT, Lord Deputy of Ireland, at Westminster, for High Treason: 34 ELIZ. April 27, A. D. 1592. THE Commissioners were, the Lord Chamberlain, the lord Buckhurst, sir Robert Cecill, Secretary Woolley, Mr. Fortescue, the Master of the Rolls, sir Edmund Anderson, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, Justice Periame, Justice Gawdie, Justice Fenner, Mr. Rokeby, one of the masters of her Majesty's Court of Request. Sir John Perrot being brought to the King's Bench-Bar, accompanied with the Lieutenant The Effect of the INDICTMENT. That the last of January 1537, in the Soth year of the queen's majesty, he the said sir John Perrot falsely and traiterously, &c. did imagine in his heart to deprive, depose, and 'disinherit the queen's most excellent majesty 'from the royal seat, to take her life away, to make slaughter in her realm, to raise Rebellion in England and Ireland; and that he did of the Tower, and sir Henry Lee; and procla-procure a foreign power to invade the two 6 realms.-That one James Eustace, viscount Baltinglas, being a false Traitor to her majes ty and the state, sent Letters of Treason from Madrid to the said sir John Perrot by one Dennis Oroughan, an Irish priest. That the said sir John sent Letters of Treason to the 'said viscount Baltinglas into Spain, by the said Dennis Oroughan.-That whereas the queen's majesty, in April the 27th of her ma mnation for silence being inade, the Lieutenant was commanded to return his writ of Habeas Corpus. Then was sir John commanded to hold up his hand. Here sir John Perrot made low obeysance, and desired he might be heard to speak before he held up his hand. He protested that he never had thought of Treason against her majesty, and desired that the witnesses might be good and sufficient: he knew well the place whereunto he was brought, andjesty's reign, did write her Letters to the said therefore he would submit himself humbly to their honours, and said, sithence it was God's will, and her najesty's, he gave God hearty thanks therefore.--Then was he bid to hold up his hand again. Whereunto he answered, Look what is to be done; and here is as true man's hand as ever came in this place, sir John Perrot, signifying unto him that her pleasure was, that the said sir John should not proceed in any matters of government, 'without the advice of some of her majesty's council in Ireland, wherein she graciously ad'vised him not to murmur, but to take the same dutifully, and in good part; notwith 'standing he the said sir John, shortly after the < receipt of the said Letters, did send for the archbishop of Dublin, and reading the same 'Letters unto him, in a great fury said these * words, If she will use men thus, she will have cold service, and some one day she will have need of me.'-That in the 29th year of the queen's majesty he did maintain horrible and unknown Traitors, not doing justice upon them.-That pope Gregory 13, and the king of Spain prepared an Army to invade England; at which time the said sir John sent Letters to the king of Spain, promising him aid and assistance in the Army: which 'Letters Dennis Oroughan carried into Spain, ' and received of the said sir John divers sums of money therefore. That sir Bryan Orieke, a notorious false Traitor, was procured and animated by the said sir John to move and stir up Rebellion in Ireland.' [1318 the precept directed unto him for the summoning of the Jury for our sovereign lady the Queen, and an O-yes made that every Juror should answer to his Name. The names of the Jurors were, Rd. Martyn, kt. John Machell, Henry Row, Rd. Weeks, Robt. Carr, John Padge, Henry Goodyer, Wm. Paggenton, Hugh Oflley, esq. John Hautrey, Wm. Megge, Henry Holford, John Stone, John Vavasour, Wm. Hichcooke, Rd. Edlyn, Christ. Read, Wm. Kinton, Tho. Fowler, John Powell, Barth. Quenye, Humfrey Wylde, Tho. Russel, George Millot. Out of these 24 were 12 taken, whereof the foreman was Hugh Offley, esq. Then Mr. Sands willed sir John to mark the Jurors well as they were called to be sworn, to see if he knew cause of challenge to any of them, before they were sworn between our so vereign lady the queen and him. Whereunto he answered: Woe is me that she is made Here again sir John desired to speak, and a party against me! And then he demanded said that he was 64 years old, and had been of my L. C. J. of the C. Pleas how many he might long imprisoned, yet very honourably used at challenge. The Lord Chamberlain answered, my Lord Treasurer's, but found fault with his That they of the Bench were not to give Counlodging in the Tower; and said he was by na- sel to the prisoner. Then said my lord Buckture cholerick, and knew not what imperfec-hurst unto sir John, If you have any just cause tions his Imprisonment might work in him; and therefore if he should happen to fall into any extraordinary speeches in that honourable place, he craved pardon, alledging that the same should not proceed for want of duty or obedience. The Effect of the second INDICTMENT. That the 15th day of May, in the 27th 'year of the queen, sir John Perrot being at Dublin, received Letters from Alexander duke of Parma, craving his furtherance in giving Aid to the king of Spain's power.-That the 20th of June, in the 28th year of the queen, he sent for sir Wm. Stanley to entreat and 'confer with him touching his traitorous purposes; and that on the 30th of June, 28 Eliz. he talked with the said sir William Stanley to that effect.' Then he was asked if he were guilty of this Indictment whereunto he answered these words, viz. Even as guilty as you are in speaking, Mr. Sands. Mr. Sands asked him by whom he would be tried. I will be tried, said sir John, by God and good men, and I shall not remember the most of the points. Then said Mr. Serjeant Puckering unto him; You shall be remembered of every matter piecemeal. Sir John Perrot said, I pray God the Lord be not angry with these courses; there is a judge in Heaven who knoweth all. Here the Sheriff was commanded to return of challenge against any of them, you may challenge; if not, why should you challenge? Then he challenged two of the Jurors, and said, Lord send me justice, and for God's sake let me have good men; and wished he might have men of his own sort, and such as knew service, and feared God; and desired that none might go upon him that had any suit in law with sir Thomas Perrot his son; and wished for more good Aldermen: yet if they that were sworn feared God he cared not. Here the Indictment was read unto the Jury, and after that an O-yes made, to know if any man were there to give Evidence against the Prisoner at the bar in behalf of her majesty. Then Serjeant Puckering rehearsed to the Jury the principal Points contained in the Indictment aforesaid. But before he handled the same, he opened unto the Jury, that the original of his Treasons proceeded from the imagination of his heart; which imagination was in itself High-Treason, albeit the same proceeded not to any overt fact: and the heart being possessed with the abundance of his traitorous imagination, and not being able so to contain itself, burst forth in vile and traitorous Speeches, and from thence to horrible and heinous actions; for Mr. Serjeant said, Ex abundantia cordis os loquitur. Then sir John prayed serjeant P. to lay aside words, and to proceed to the matter of the Indictment. Whereunto he answered, he would proceed by degrees; but would first begin with his contemptuous Words, which contained in them High-Treason. Then serjeant Puck. shewed, That sir Nicholas Bagnol, marshal of Ireland, being with sir John Perrot in his house, and entering in communication together, and falling into hot words, sir John brake forth into these Speeches, If it were not for yonder pild and paltry sword that lieth in the window, I would not brook these comparisons: Speaking of her majesty's Sword of Justice carried before him. To this he answered, that he termed the same after that sort, because the scabbard of the same sword was old and worn; and within one week after he caused a new scabbard to be made. And then falling from that point to other idle discourse, my lord of Buckhurst told him, he was before a Bench very wise and learned, and before a wise Jury; and therefore if he spoke not to purpose, it would but hurt his cause, and give them all occasion to think that he had nothing to speak in his own Defence: for if he had, he would not go from the same, and follow other frivolous and unnecessary matters. Then it was shewed that the queen having directed her Letters of commandment to sir John Perrot in the behalf of sir Tibert Butler, for the placing of the said sir Tibert Butler in the barony of Kaire, he the said sir John being moved therein by the said sir Tibert Butler, at the Council-Table in the castle of Dublin, used these speeches, Stick not so much upon the queen's letters of commandment, for she may command what she will, but we will do what we list.' majesty sending her letters unto him for the discharging of many idle and unnecessary Pensions, he discharged among the rest one of the archbishop's sons. It was then declared, That whereas the office of the Clerk of the Exchequer was void, and that Mr. Errington had made humble suit unto her majesty to be preferred to that office, in consideration of his good and dutiful service; her majesty directing her Letters to sir John for admitting the said Mr. Errington into the said office, he the said sir John Perrot used these undutiful Speeches upon the receipt of the said Letters, This fiddling woman troubles me out of measure; God's wounds, he shall not have the office, I will give it to sir Thomas Williams.' This was proved by the oath of Philip Williams. Against Philip Williams sir John took exceptions; affirming the said Williams to be his mortal enemy: and said he was a naughty leud man, of no credit, and had abused my Lord Treasurer in a letter; for the which he said, he did beat him in his Chamber: and further be said, he did write to the Master of the Rolls, and to Mr. Powle, touching the leud and undutiful behaviour of the said Williams. Then it was shewed that sir John having checked him for divers complaints, having read the same Letter, he used these undutiful Speeches; It is not safe for her majesty to break such unkind and sour bread to her servants ;' he being Lord Deputy, and a servant of trust. This was spoken to Philip Williams. Afterwards Philip Williams being his Secre To this matter sir John answered; He re-received letters from her majesty, wherein she membered not what Speeches he then used, and said it might be he used some speeches cholerickly, as naturally he used to do, for it was his disposition: but notwithstanding any speeches whatsoever, yet he said he executed her majesty's commandment therein, and added, that he did always from time to time execute her majesty's commandments or war-tary writing to her majesty in sir John Perrot's rants in all things whatsoever.-Then said my Lord Chamberlain, You are not charged with not executing her majesty's commandments, but with contemptuous speeches used against her majesty in the matter.Then sir John going from the matter, and speaking more than was needful, my lord Anderson willed him to have patience to hear all, and then to answer all. Then it was shewed, that sir John calling a Parliament at Dublin, among other matters he moved to suppress the cathedral church of St. Patrick in Ireland; and her majesty then sending Letters to the contrary, he used these words with a stern countenance, Nay, God's wounds, I think it strange she should use me thus.' With these words the Bishop of Meath was moved, and found fault with his undutiful demeanour; and said, he spoke as though the kingdom were his own, and not the queen's. To this matter sir John answered by way of Excuse, and said, that the abp. of Dublin was his mortal enemy, and that the reason why he was moved to suppress the said Cathedral Church, was to have an University erected thereupon; but, he said he was withstood by the said abp. because he and his children received by the said cathedral church 800 marks a-year and he said further, that the said abp. bare him the greater malice, for that the queen's name, among other things he said, He would be sacrificed for her;' which words sir John reading, bad Williams put them out; saying, He had little cause to be sacrificed for her:" adding, That he could not forget her ever since the time he could not get justice of her, against some of her guard, for murdering some of his men.' When it was bruited abroad that the Spanish Fleet was in preparation for the invading of England, sir John entering into communication with Philip Williams touching the said army, Philip Williams said, He hoped God would bless us for her majesty's sake:' whereunto sir Jolin Perrot answered, 'God's wounds, and why for her sake? Never the more for her sake.' This was proved by the Deposition of Williams, Here sir John called for Williams, that they might speak face to face: whereunto Mr. Attorney (sir John Popham) said, that Williams was in the Tower in the same state that he was, and was to answer to matters of his Treason as well as he. Then it was shewed how the Queen sent him a Letter, wherein she wrote very favourably unto him, advising him to look well unto his Charge, about the time theSpaniards should come: whereupon he spake these words; Ah silly woman, now she shall not curb me, she shall not rule me; now, God's lady dear, I shall be her white irreligious. Will any man of Religion seek to have men murdered? Will any man of religion stab a man in the cheek, and after bring him to the fire to be roasted, to make him confess that he knoweth not,and afterwards hang him by mar tial law?-Mr. Attorney, to prove sir John of no religion, further shewed, that sir John being in his chamber at the Castle of Dublin, looked out at the window, and espied sir Dennys Oroughan, who knew all his secret Treasons, and boy now again; doth she think to rule me now?'-Shortly after John Garland brought a Letter from her majesty to sir John Perrot, whereat he conceived great discontentment; insomuch that he broke forth into these undutiful terms following: God's wounds, this it is to serve a base bastard piss-kitchin woman; if I had served any prince in Christendom, I had not been so dealt withal.' Here he prayed the devil might take him body and soul, if ever he uttered such words, and exclaimed against Gar-willed his chamberlain to call unto him Stephen land. Sir John talking with Nath. Dillan, Clerk of the Council of Ireland, asked him this question, viz. If her majesty should be distressed, dost not thou think that I am the fittest man in England to have the keeping of her body? This was verified by the oath of Nath. Dillan.-Talking with the abp. of Dublin in his chamber touching the coming of the Spaniards, sir John said, 'God's wounds, let them do in England what they can, we shall do well enough in Ireland; if her majesty were gone, we should do here in Ireland better than they in England should do.' This was justified by the oath of the abp. of Dublin. Whereunto he said, he renounced God's mercy if he ever spake any such words. And all this, serj. Puckering said, did declare his malice against her majesty. My lord Buckhurst told him that those speeches did shew a disloyal mind. Here sir John exclaimed against the Witnesses, calling them leud and wicked men, and saying he was bought and sold. When sir John Perrot said, that he wrote his Letters to her majesty, desiring to be revoked and called home, and made suit to sir Francis Walsingham to that effect; Mr. Pop-member it not. ham told him, that when he saw him curbed, as himself termed it, by the Council, and that he could do nothing without their privity; then he sought to come away, with an intent to make himself a ruler in Wales. Here they proceeded to the Treasons. Mr. Attorney declared that Dr. Craugh being a known Traitor, and a man that had maintained religion from time to time, and had seduced many people in Ireland, and was a dangerous instrument to be suffered in those parts; and sir John being given hereof to understand, did not use that diligence in the apprehending of him, as became his place for after he had given out warrants for the seeking of him, then he gave out a countermand they should use all diligence in apprehending of him in all places, except in the White Knights country, where sir John knew the said Craugh to be; which did manifestly shew he would not have him taken. My lord Buckhurst said to sir John, that he granted Warrants to take him where he was not. Sir John said, there was a God that knew all; marvelling that he having known religion these 46 years, should be charged with favouring of Priests and Massmongers. Mr. Attorney willed him not to stand upon Religion; for then, said he, we shall prove you 7 Seager; who being come, Sir John commanded away his chamberlain, and locked the chamber, and willed Seager to look out at the window, aad said, Seest thou not one beneath in a black mantle? Seager said he saw none there; Sir John said, There is one there: you see how I am crost by some of the council here, and he is going to the North with letters from some of the council to move them against me; I would have thee take these letters from him, kill him, cast him aside, and bring those letters to me. Stephen Seager hereunto answered, that he would rob him of the letters, but he would not kill him with his hands; or if he would give commandment to hang him by martial law, he would see it done. Whereupon sir John said, Go thy ways, thou art a paltry fellow; I did it but to prove thee.' This was proved by the oath of Seager. Sir John then called for Seager, to speak with him face to face, who justified all that he had said.--My lord Chamberlain said, Now you see you bad him kill one.-Then said sir John, Because he hath sworn it, I will not reprove him; it may be I spake such words, but I re Mr. Attorney said, we have alledged these matters against you, to shew you to be a man of no Religion.—Whereat sir John stormed and was angry; saying, they went about not only to make him a traitor to his prince, but a traitor to God; which, he said, they should never do.-Mr. Solicitor (Egerton) told him that all the Papists desired his government there. Mr. Attorney then declared further, That one Richard Morrice, a priest, a notorious Traitor, being a passer from Ireland to viscount Baltinglas in Spain, and from thence to Rome, to confer of Rebellions and Invasions for England and Ireland, sir John Perrot knowing the said Morrice to be a most dangerous person to the state, would not give order for the taking of the said Morrice, as he should have done: but the bishop of Cashell caused him to be apprehended of his own authority, and sent him to Mr. Poor, the sheriff, to be sent to the Castle of Dublin, whereupon the friends of the said Morrice told them that Morrice had better friends than all they had; and shortly after Morrice was discharged, and never called more in question. And all this was affirmed by the Oath of the abp. of Cashell, and of the said Poor, vivá voce.-Then said Mr. Attorney, that Halie being a man that conversed with Craugh, and dealt with him in his Treasons, told him that Poor had a |