"There is this further remark, that though there may be many very good private schools throughout the country, schools for the rich, giving more or less a religious or irreligious education, and so doing more or less good, to all of which schools it is a person's own act to send his children; and therefore, if he chooses a school which, whatever other good qualities it may have, is yet not a religious one, he has only himself to blame, and may supply the defect if he please, or if he can; in the case of public schools, and especially public schools for the poor, it is different. The poor cannot help themselves; it will not do to give them an education, the only one they can get, which is not religious, and then plead that it is nevertheless, per se, as good. An education of a public nature, and especially one for the poor, ought to be religious, for otherwise there is no means in their power of bringing up their children religiously at all.

"A religious education, then, we take to be that, not which has this or that quantum of religious instruction in it, but which is throughout of a religious character, and produces not only well-instructed and well-informed, but religious men. And one sure means of making any given education of this character, we had almost said the only means of doing so, is to have at the head of it a religious man. The teacher is every thing. Or, if the teacher cannot be secured, then the school should be under the direct and absolute control and superintendence of a religious person............We cannot refuse ourselves the pleasure of extracting the following passage from Dr. Hook's pamphlet (p. 46), and which seems to furnish the best answer that can be given to the whole project: For religious education we require more than the Bible, more than the Prayer Book; we require the living soul of the instructor, sanctified by grace, to come into spiritual contact with the soul of the person taught: the educated and religious mind must be brought to bear upon the mind untrained and uncultivated.'

"Of course we quite admit that even in the liberal system of a state education -the system in which religion appears only as an item-if the schoolmaster happen to be a religious man, the education would be practically religious: but, be it observed, not only that he need not be so, but that if he were what the system contemplates, if he fulfilled rightly his trust to the government, he would necessarily be of no religion at all."--Christian Remembrancer, No. 54, Art. " Dr. Hook and the Education Question."

A CATECHISM ON THE TWO PRINCIPAL TYPES OF HOLY BAPTISM.

NOTE.-Let the Scholars give the Answers to the Questions in their own words, whenever they are able.

FIRST TYPE.

1. Which is the first Type of Baptism in the Old Testament? The Deluge.

2. Who tells us that it is right to say that the Deluge is a Type of Baptism?

Saint Peter.

3. Repeat his words about it.

'Once the long-suffering of God waited in the days of Noah, whilst the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight souls, were saved by water. The like figure whereunto, even baptism, doth also now save [1 Pet. iii, 21.]

us.

4. In what were those eight persons saved?

In the ark.

5. By what means were they saved in the Ark?
By water.

6. What water was that?

The water of the deluge.

new.

7. How did the water save them?

By bearing up the ark and carrying it out of the old world into the

8. What do you mean by the old world?

The world before the deluge.

9. Who calls it the old world?

Saint Peter.

10. Under what was the old world lying?

nation.

[2 Pet. ii, 5.]

Under the wrath of God, and under the sentence of His condem

[Gen. vi, 7.]

[2 Pet. iii, 6.]

12. What did the waters of the deluge then do to the old world? They purged, or cleansed it, and made it new.

13. What did the waters of the deluge wash away ? The sin and wickedness of the old world.

14. And from what was Noah and his family saved? From the destruction of the old world.

15. Into what were they carried ?

Into a new world.

16. How were they carried into the new world?

By the water of the deluge.

17. By whose appointment and power was all this done? By Almighty God.

18. What did God make with the new world?

A Covenant for all generations.

19. What was the promise of the covenant?

That He would never again destroy it with a flood.

20. What was the visible token of that covenant?

The rainbow.

[Gen. ix, 12.]

21. Were all the eight persons who were saved by water good and true servants of God?

No there was a wicked Ham.

22. Did it profit him in the end that he had been saved by water and brought into the new world?

No: he was the head of a cursed race.

23. Of what does Saint Peter say that this salvation of Noah and his family was a figure or type?

Of our baptism.

24. What does he say that our baptism does for us?

That it now saves us.

25. From what does it now save us?

From our old state.

26. In what state were we first born, as children of the first Adam? Under the wrath of God, and the sentence of His condemnation.

[Rom. v, 18.] 27. Into what new state are we carried through the water of Baptism? Into a state of grace and reconciliation with God.

28. Into what new world are we carried?

Into the new world of the Church of Jesus Christ.

29. Are we not born in that world?

No.

30. When are we carried into it?

When we are baptized.

2

31. From what are we delivered at our baptism?

God.

From the condemnation of our old state, and from the wrath of

32. From what are we then purged?

From our old sins.

[2 Pet. i, 9.]

33. What example have we in the New Testament of a person being cleansed from his old sins in the waters of baptism?

The example of Saint Paul.

34. What was said to him?

Arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins." [Acts xxii, 16.] 35. How is the new state into which we are carried through the waters of Baptism described in the Church Catechism?

We are said to be made "members of Christ, children of God, and heirs of the kingdom of heaven."

36. What then was our old state?

We were members of Adam, children of Satan, and only heirs of condemnation.

37. Could we be saved in that state?

No.

38. When are we saved out of that state?

At our baptism.

39. For whose sake was this salvation from our old condemned state given us?

Only for the sake of our Lord Jesus Christ, who redeemed us from the curse, and reconciled us unto God, and recovered for us the promise of eternal life, through the sacrifice of Himself. [Rom. v, 10.-Col. i, 13, 14.] 40. How does Saint Peter refer to this cause of our Salvation from our old state at our baptism?

He says that "

Jesus Christ.'

baptism doth now save us by the resurrection of [I Pet. iii, 21.]

41. What does that mean?

That the virtue of the resurrection of our Saviour is applied to us at our baptism, so that we are raised up therein to a new state. [Col. ii, 12.] 42. What corresponds in our new state in the Church of Christ to the covenant that God made with the new world after the deluge?

We are taken into covenant with God at our baptism.

43. Can we lose the blessings of our new Christian state?

Yes; just as Ham and his family lost the blessings of his salvation from the destruction of the old world.

44. What should this therefore teach us?

To take heed to ourselves, lest we forfeit the blessings of our bap

tism, and so fall under greater condemnation than before.

45. How does the Church Catechism express the same blessing of baptism as Saint Peter does, when he says that it "now saves us?"

The Catechism says that we are placed "in a state of salvation."

46. What does this mean?

That we are brought out of a state in which we could not be saved, and placed in one in which we may.

47. What then should be our chief concern?

That we may continue in a state of salvation to our life's end, so that we may be saved at last at the dreadful judgment day.

48. Does baptism make us sure of final salvation?

No: for all its benefits may be forfeited.

49. How should we seek then to attain unto final salvation?

By living according to the obligations of our baptism. 50. How is that?

By living a life of repentance and faith.

51. Was any promise or profession then made at our baptism? Yes before we could be baptized we promised three things. 52. What were they?

Repentance, Faith, and Obedience.

53. How are we therefore bound to live?

Agreeably to that promise and profession.

54. If we do not, will our baptism profit us in the end?

No our baptism will be undone, and we shall become like the fa

mily of wicked Ham, and only inherit a curse.

55. How does Saint Peter say that we must live?

So as to have "the answer of a good conscience towards God." 56. How can we be enabled so to live?

By the continual help of the Holy Spirit.

SECOND TYPE.

1. What is the Second Type of Baptism?

The passage of the children of Israel through the Red Sea.

2. How do we know that we may take this event as a type of baptism?

Because the whole history of the Israelites in their journey from Egypt to Canaan, is typical of the life of a Christian,

Sea?

3. Where is this particularly explained to us?

[1 Cor. x, 11.]

In the 10th chapter of the first Epistle to the Corinthians.

4. And what does Saint Paul there call the passage through the Red

The baptism of the Children of Israel.

5. What was their state before the passage of the Red Sea?

A state of captivity and misery in Egypt under the dominion of the

hard and cruel King Pharaoh.

6. Was Egypt their native land?

No.

7. Of what land were they inhabitants originally?

Of the land of Canaan.

8. Who redeemed them out of their fallen helpless state of bondage in Egypt?

Almighty God, by the hand of Moses and Aaron.

9. When were they taken out of the dominion of Pharoah?
When they passed through the Red Sea.

10. What became then of their old enemies?

They were all drowned in the waters of the Red Sea.

11. Into what were the children of Israel then formed? Into the Church in the Wilderness."

[Acts vii, 38.]

12. How many passed through the Red Sea out of Egypt? Six hundred thousand.

13. To what country were they then put on the road?

To the land of Canaan.

14. By what other name is it often called?

The Land of Promise.

15. Why so?

Because God gave them the promise of possessing it.

16. What happened upon their entering upon the journey to Canaan ? They were admitted into a covenant with God. [Ex. xxiv, 7, 9.] 17. Did they enter into possession of the promised land at once?

No.

18. How long a time was it before they reached the land of Canaan ? Forty years.

19. During that time what happened to them?

God led them about in the wilderness to try and prove them, whether they would indeed believe and obey Him as they had promised.

20. Did they learn to believe and obey God? Not many of them.

21. Was God well pleased with them?

No very greatly displeased.

[Deut. viii, 2.]

[Ps. cvi, 26.]

22. Did He then suffer them to enter into the promised land?

No he disinherited them.

:

[Num. xiv, 12.]

23. What then became of the six hundred thousand who had come out

of Egpyt?

They were overthrown in the Wilderness, and came short of the promise.

24. Did none of that generation enter into Canaan?

Only Caleb and Joshua.

25. How does Saint Stephen describe the sinfulness of the Israelites ? He says that "in their hearts they turned back into Egypt;" and that they always "resisted the Holy Ghost."

[Acts vii, 39 & 51.

See also Isa. lxiii, 10.] 26. In what respect then were the people who fell in the Wilderness and came short of the promised land, redeemed and saved at the passage of the Red Sea?

They were redeemed out of a state of helpless captivity, and saved out of their fallen state, and put on the road to Canaan.

27. What is all this a type of?

Of what happens at our baptism.

28. From whose dominion are we then delivered? From the cruel dominion of Satan.

29. Were we originally subject to his cruel dominion? No: we were originally inhabitants of Paradise.

30. In what state are we all now born?

Cast out of Paradise, and members of the kingdom of Satan. 31. How have we been redeemed from that helpless and fallen state? Through the sacrifice and death of our Redeemer, Jesus Christ. 32. And when was the virtue of that redemption applied to our souls? At our passage through the water of baptism.

33. How is this?

By God's appointment and power.

[Rom. vi, 4.-Col. ii, 12.]

34. Of what is baptism the divinely appointed seal ?

It is the seal or token of God's covenant of mercy, which He has

made with us, through our Redeemer, Jesus Christ.

35. Is it the outward water of baptism that redeems us from our lost estate?

No.

36. What then?

The precious blood of Jesus Christ, which is then sprinkled on our souls, as the water of the Red Sea was on the Israelites.