shall take you among the inhabitants of the north Lemperate zone. Here are all the most famous places on the earth; rich populous countries, renowned at different periods for arts and arms. Here is the greater part of Asia, a little of Africa, all Europe, and North America.

L. I suppose, however, there must be great differences both in the climate and the way of life, in so many countries ?

P. Extremely great. The southern parts partake a good deal of the character of the tropical regions. The heat is still excessive, and renders exertion painful; whence the people have in general been reckoned soft, effeminate, and voluptuous. Let us, however, look at them a little closer. Here is the mighty empire of China, swarming with people to such a degree, that, notwithstanding its size and fertility, the inhabitants are obliged to exert the greatest industry to procure the necessaries of life. Nearly in a line with it are the Mogul's empire, the kingdom of Persia, and the Turkish dominions in Asia; all warm climates, abounding in products of use and beauty, and inhabited by numerous and civilized people. Here stretches out the great peninsula of Arabia, for the most part a dry and desert land, overspread with burning sands, to be crossed only by the patient camel. Wild and ferocious tribes of men wander over it, subsisted chiefly by their herds and flocks, and by the trade of robbery, which they exercise on all travellers that fall in their way. A tract somewhat similar, though in a colder climate, is the vast country of Tartary, stretching like a belt from east to west across the middle of Asia; over the immeuse plains and deserts of which, a number of independent tribes continually roam, fixing their moveable habitations in one part or another, according as they afford pasture to their herds of cattle and horses. These men have for many ages lived in the same simple

state, unacquainted as well with the arts, as the vices, of civilized nations.

L. Well, I think it must be a very pleasant life to ramble about from place to place, and change one's abode according to the season.

P. The Tartars think so; for the worst wish they can find for a man is, that he may live in a house and work like a Russian. Now, look at Europe. See what a small figure it makes on the surface of the globe as to size; and yet it has for many years held the first place in knowledge, activity, civilization, and all the qualities that elevate man among his fellows. For this it is much indebted to that temperature of climate which calls forth all the faculties of man in order to render life comfortable, yet affords enough of the beauties of nature to warm the heart and exalt the imagination. Men here earn their bread by the sweat of their brow. Nature does not drop her fruits into their mouths, but offers them as the price of labour. Human wants are many. Clothes, food, lodging, are all objects of much care and contrivance, but the human powers, fully exerted, are equal to the demand; and nowhere are enjoyments so arious and multiplied. What the land does not yield itself, its inhabitants, by their active industry, procure from the remotest parts of the globe. When we drink tea, we sweeten the infusion of a Chinese herb with the juice of a West-India cane; and your common dress is composed of materials collected from the equator to the frigid zone. Europeans render all countries and climates familiar to them; and everywhere they assume a superiority over the less enlightened or less industrious natives.

L. Then Europe for me, after all. But is not America as good?

P. That part of North America which has been settled by Europeans, is only another Europe in manners and civilization. But the original inhabitants

of that extensive country were bold and hardy barbarians, and many of them continue so to this day. So much for the temperate zone, which contains the prime of mankind. They differ extremely, however, in governments, laws, customs, and religions. The Christian religion has the credit of reckoning among its votaries all the civilized people of Europe and America. The Mahometan possesses all the nearer parts of Asia and the north of Africa; but China, Japan, and most of the circumjacent countries, profess different forms of paganism. The east, in general, is enslaved to despotism; but the nobler west enjoys, in most of its states, more or less of freedom.

As to the frigid zone, its few inhabitants can but just sustain a life little better than that of the brutes. Their faculties are benumbed by the climate. Their chief employment is the fishery or the chase, by which they procure their food. The tending of herds of reindeer in some parts varies their occupations and diet. They pass their long winters in holes dug under-ground, where they doze out most of their time in stupid repose. L. I wonder any people should stay in such miserable places.

P. Yet none of the inhabitants of the globe seem more attached to their country and way of life. Nor do they, indeed, want powers to render their situation tolerably comfortable. Their canoes, and fishing and hunting tackle, are made with great ingenuity; and their clothing is admirably adapted to fence against the rigours of cold. They are not without some amusements to cheer the gloom of their condition; but they are abjectly superstitions, and given to fear and melancholy.

L. If I had my choice, I would rather go to a warmer than a colder country.

P. Perhaps the warmer countries are pleasanter; but there are few advantages which are not balanced by incoreniences; and it is the truest wisdom

to be contented with our lot, and endeavour to Laake the best of it. One great lesson, however, I wish you to derive from this globe-lecture. You see that no part of the world is void of our human brethren, who, amidst all the diversities of character and condition, are yet all men, filling the station in which their Creator has placed them. We are too apt to look at the differences of mankind, and to undervalue all those who do not agree with us in matters that we think of high importance. But who are we-and what cause have we to think ourselves right, and all others wrong? Can we imagine that hundreds of millions of our species in other parts of the world are left destitute of what is essential to their well-being, while a favoured few, like ourselves, are the only ones who possess it? Having all a common nature, we must necessarily agree in more things than we differ. The road to virtue and happiness is alike open to all. The mode of pursuit is various; the end is the same.

ENVY AND EMULATION.

Ar one of the celebrated schools of painting in Italy, a young man, named Guidotto, produced a piece so excellent, that it was the admiration of the masters in the art, who all declared it to be their opinion, that he could not fail of rising to the summit of his profession, should he proceed as he had begun.

This performance was looked upon with very different eyes by two of his fellow-scholars. Brunello, the elder of them, who had himself acquired some reputation in his studies, was mortified in the highest degree at this superiority of Guidotto; and regarding all the honour his rival had acquired, as so much taken from himself, he conceived the most rancorous dislike of him, and longed for nothing so much as to see him lose the credit he had gained. Afraid openly to decry the merit of a work which had obtained the approba

tion of the best judges, he threw out secret insinustions that Guidotto had been assisted in it by one or other of his masters; and he affected to represent it as a sort of lucky hit, which the reputed author would probably never equal.

Not so Lorenzo. Though a very young proficient in the art, he comprehended in its full extent the excellence of Guidotto's performance, and became one of the sincerest of his admirers. Fired with the praises he saw him receive on all sides, he ardently longed one day to deserve the like. He placed him before his eyes as a fair model, which it was his highest ambition to arrive at equalling-for as to excelling him, he could not as yet conceive the possibility of it. He never spoke of him but with rapture, and could not bear to hear the detractions of Brunello.

But Lorenzo did not content himself with words. He entered with his whole soul into the career of improvement was first and last of all the scholars in the designing-room-and devoted to practice at home those hours which the other youths passed in amuse ment. It was long before he could please himself with any of his attempts, and he was continually repeating over them, "Alas! how far distant is this from Guidotto's!" At length, however, he had the satisfaction of becoming sensible of progress; and, having received considerable applause on account of one of his performances, he ventured to say to himself, "And why may not I too become a Guidotto ?"

Meanwhile, Guidotto continued to bear away the palm from all competitors. Brunello struggled a while to contest with him, but at length gave up the point, and consoled himself under his inferiority, by ill-natured sarcasm and petulant criticism. Lorenzo worked away in silence, and it was long before his modesty would suffer him to place any piece of bis in view at the same time with one of Guidotto's.

There was a certain day in the year in which it was