common and puerile lesson, viz. that Fortune sports most with the highest conditions of life: he will teach you something that has escaped the observation of wise men; which is, that, under certain circumstances, a poor exile, or foreigner, may prove a troublesome enemy to a well-constituted governWhatever value the author may set upon this piece of information, it will hardly appear new to the readers of English history: they who have perused the reign of Henry 7th, with the attempts of Simnel and Perkin Warbec, must be very dull if they have not already made the same reflexion.

ment.

Now to do right to the author, I must declare my belief that he would never have admitted these exceptionable passages, if he had written in his native language: but that which would not bear a scrutiny in English, may pass for a handsome flourish, when set off in elegant Latin.

The geographical description of Scotland, the account of its various animals, and the delineation of Highland manners, altogether extending to 21 pages, (a 7th of the whole) forms a part too large and disproportionate to the rest; since it can be considered only as a digression, in which some of the topics are but little connected with the main subject. Take for an instance what is said of the waters and fishing.

"Piscium exquisitissimorum vi immensâ referti Scotorum lacus "fluviique, sive cupediarum avido (nisi Romano planè fastidio, 66 præterquam in Oceano pisces gigni negaverit) sive arundini σε hamuloque inhianti, in deliciis meritò habendi. Neque id juris 66 gravatim hospiti, vel in hisce sordibus, concessum: quum, uti "priscis sæculis, omnibus in usum hominum affatim suppetentibus, << nihildum proprii, nihil alicui innotuerat, ita vel hodiè loci nemo "ejusce rei usumfructum singulis negaverit, quam vix universi aut "imminuere aut corrumpere valeant. Solus piscatoris æmulus "haliæetos, nonnunquam tanquam iratus & minitabundus in. "strepit." P. 11, 12.

Granting that it is pertinent to his subject, to inform us that the lakes of Scotland abound with excellent fish, and that every one is permitted to angle in them, and allowing too his pretty conceit of the Osprey, yet what has the fastidiousness

of the old Romans to do here? What possible reason for the mention of them, or their paradoxes? And why must we be sent to a Latin writer upon husbandry, to learn what they meant by denying that fish could be bred any where but in the sea ?*

He

It is in the course of this digression, that Dr. W. describes the Scotch plaid; which he maintains to have been made of various colours in antient times, as well as now. Upon this important point he has met with some contradiction, which puts him quite out of temper, and makes him call names. says, p. 18, "Clamitant idiotæ nonnulli, hodiernam esse to(6 gam versicolorem. Adirent isti, vellem, modò Græcè intelli"gerent, Diodorum Siculum." Some idiots make a clamour, and say that the party-coloured plaid is a modern invention. I wish they would turn to Diodorus Siculus; but the blockheads do not understand Greek. After this little triumph over their ignorance, he unmercifully crams them with a hard morsel of that very Greek, which he knows they cannot digest; and brings Diodorus asserting, in express terms, that the Scots wore STRIPED garments. What offence Dr. W. may have received, I know not; but here he has fallen into the rude language and manners of the writers of criticism, without any provocation whatever, that appears.

*The passage in Columella, to which Dr. W. alludes, is proba bly this Vetus illa Romuli progenies non solùm piscinas, quas ipsi construxerant, frequentabant, sed etiam quos rerum natura lacus fecerat, convectis marinis seminibus replebant: inde Velinus, indè etiam Sabatinus, et item Vulsiniensis et Ciminus lupos auratasque procreaverunt, ac siqua sint alia piscium genera dulcis undæ te. lerantia. Mox istam curam sequens ætas abolevit, et lautitiæ locupletum maria ipsa Neptunumque clauserunt. Et jam cum avorum memoria circumfertur M. Philippi (velut urbanissimum quod erat luxu. riosissimum) factum atque dictum: Nam is forte Cassini, cùm apud hospitem cænaret, oppositumque è vicino flumine lupum degustâsset, atque expuisset, improbum factum dicto prosecutus, "Peream, (inquit) nisi piscem putavi." Columel. lib. viii. cap. xvi.

In the narrative of the Pretender's expedition, (which makes the proper subject of this history) the author has given a clear and circumstantial account of all the transactions to the defeat of the Rebels at Culloden; the sequel (not less interesting) which relates the various distresses, dangers, and escapes, of the unfortunate adventurer, will afford entertainment to those who like to see an English story neatly told in Latin. With the battle of Culloden all resistance cnded; and with the flight of the Pretender, the rebellion may be said to have been terminated: but the narrative is continued to inform us of the immediate consequences of the rebellion, and farther, of the restoration of the forfeited estates, and the difference between the former and present condition of the High. lands: circumstances, which, though not strictly a part of the story, serve to round and complete it: and the author has judiciously availed himself of these topics to give two or three additional pages to his book, the subject of which afforded him but scanty materials.

To this account of the contents, I will subjoin (as a specimen of the writer's style and manner) his description of the decisive engagement at Culloden.

"Inter infestos exercitus campus erat undequaquè apertus, nec (6 ineptus pugnæ, modò pares aut non impares admodùm congrede"rentur. Jamque in procinctu stant montani, quum regii impe.. "ratores meridie propinquo intra 11, plus, minus, M. P., rem "extemplò gerendam persentientes, signa consistere jubent.

Ibi 66 perduellium exercitu per tubos opticos perlustrato, itinerisque "ordine mutato, Cumbrius, duplici peditum aciei in medio con"stitutæ, validas equitum alas à latere circumdat, subsidiis pro re "natâ proferendis in agmen ultimum subductis. Hisce ex animi

sententiâ dispositis, spatium pc P. vix supererat, quum perduel"les, regiis, quibus tormenta majora per locum uligine obductum 66 pertrahenda erant, nonnihil cunctantibus, pugnam eminùs occe"pere, cæterùm imperitè adeò & oscitantèr, ut, præter gregarii "cujusdam militis crus suffractum, nihil planè damni dederint. "At palude jam superatâ, binisque tormentis campestribus singulas "inter cohortes dispositis, tormentarii regii, quibus artis suæ usus "eximius, è propinquo collimantes, terribilem adeò inter Scotos "stragem edidere, ut quocunquè majoris moduli globus acciderit,

66

66 quum saucios ac semineces humì coacervâsset, integra inter superstites semita relinqui videretur. Montani ab eo genere pug"nandi præ cæteris abhorrentes, etiam atque etiam comminùs rem "gerendi signum deposcunt. Intereà, Carolus, Moravius, Staple. tonus, quorum è celerrimis promptissimisque consiliis pendebant victoriæ momenta, tanquam stupore perciti, hærere, seque mutuò 66 percontari, modò alii alios, modò fædam suorum stragem con"tuentes. Jamque signo emisso, occisoque qui ferebat, inter "fremitus cædesque inultas tempus adhuc terebatur. Tandem "Macintotii, carnificinam suorum non ferentes, ultrò prorumpunt. "Atrox ibi luctatio fuit, ut iuter stolide feroces militemque usu “belli armorumque disciplinâ egregium. Namque montanos in66 compositò nulloque ordine irrumpentes ex adverso cohortes sævo "adeò glandium imbre excipiebant, ut, pluribus occisis, superstitum 66 pars dextram versùs declinarent; reliqui verò, obstinatis in cædem ac perniciem animis, cohortes Burrelliam Monroianamque "propè ad internecionem cæderent. Brevis ea victoria magni 66 constat, namque è primâ acie qui supererant intra ordines receptis, secunda acies, pars genibus nixi, pars in humeros suorum "proniores, expectato dum montani usque ad ora tormentorum succederent, mistum jam & confusum agmen unicâ displosione, "aut sternunt, aut avertunt; paucis admodùm qui in rabiem ac desperationem versi porrò usque tenderent ad unum occisis.

66

"Hisce ad sinistram fortitèr, quanquam infelicitèr, gestis, per "reliquam aciem par neque animorum neque corporum effectus "respondebat. Ferunt nonnulli, Macdonaldos loco principe inter "clientelas (id enim honoris sibi nunquam non anteà habitum frome"bant) eo die, sive fortè fortunâ, sive per contumeliam depulsos, segniùs quàm pro vetustâ recentíve gloriâ rem gessisse. Ea res 66 utcunque se habuerit, id certè constat, quòd, primo Macintoti, orum procursu, Macdonaldi & Farquharsoni compositò magis & "ordinatè ad manum conserendam progrediebantur; unicâ displo"sione datâ, strictis mucronibus ad corporum complexum venturi; "cæterùm eo ipso temporis momento suorum ad dextram congredi. entium stragem conspicati, pedem referebant. Interea duces "regii, primâ perduellium acie profligatâ, haudquaquàm depugna. tum esse rati, pedites denuò ordinatos continebant; equites autem in incompositos immissi haud impunè ferebant: namque "turbati quidam manipuli à sinistra perduellium ponè maceriam "vivarii Cullodunensis reducti, refectique, præter gregarios mi

ડ

lites nonnullos, ex Argatheliensibus, ductores ordinum duo "vexillariumque unum occiderunt. At dirutâ maceriâ (ruinæ "adhuc cernuntur vestigia) facinus intempestivum sanguine lue"bant. Ab alterâ parte Macdonaldis in ultimam aciem receptis, "justi utrinque exercitus saltem imago renovata. Adhuc vir viro, "cohors cohorti adversa; adhuc in medio palma, &, recrudescente pugnâ, etiam ipsa Britannia in ancipiti fuit. Cæterùm dispares partium spiritus; namque montani, super rerum omnium, quâ

"premebantur, inopiam, suorum cladibus paventes & attoniti, "animos desponderant. Simul, à latere equestris procella ingruebat, & à fronte infestus hostis ad integrandum prælium pe. "dem proferebat. Jam indè fuga haud dubia fuit; quum primùm << pauci paucis aggregati quaquaversùm dilabuntur, mox, universo agmine bipartito, prout cuique obviàm, sibi consulunt. Pars 66 præcipua vicinos Badenochiæ clivos, ubi equitibus insequutio "perdifficilis, nacti, incolumes evadunt; cæteris Innernessum ver"sùs recto itinere fugientibus, expediti equites terga cædunt. Ne66 que ullum sævitiæ genus eo die prætermissum. Jamque Cum. "brio Innernessum properanti obviàm fit à Stapeltono duce orator, "qui necem instantem deprecaret, seque suosque omnes in fidem "victoris permitteret. Curtum ac pro victore responsum, De"dant modò sese, nihil atrox passuros.' His auditis, Galli Hi"bernique, positis armis, sese dedidere. Innernessum regiis

"concessum.

66

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"Copiis apertè fugam circumspectantibus, Stuartus, equo incitato, pugnam instaurare statuit; nequidquàm obnitentibus ami"cis, donec Sullivanus, qui plurimùm apud eum poterat, arrepto "fræno, convertit. Is finis obsistendi fuit.” P. 98-102.

The last circumstance here mentioned of the young pretender, is remarkable in this view, that a similar action diverted (perhaps saved) his great-grandfather in the fatal battle of Naseby. The reader will not be displeased to peruse Lord

Clarendon's relation of it.

"The king's reserve of horse, which was his own guards, with himself in the head of them, were even ready to charge those horse who pursued his left wing; when on a suddain, such a pannick fear seized upon them, that they all run near a quarter of a mile without stopping; which happen'd upon an extraordinary accident, that hath seldom fallen out, and might well disturb and disorder very resolute troops, as those were, and the very best horse in the army. The King, as was said before, was even upon the point of charging the enemy, in the head of his guards, when the Earl of Carnewarth, who rode next to him, (a man never suspected for infidelity, nor yet one from whom the King would have received counsel in such a case) on a suddain, laid his hand on the bridle of the King's horse, and swearing two or three full-mouthed Scotish oaths, (for of that nation he was,) said, Will you go upon