when he shall again return to the City, you shall go too with sound of trumpet, and be ever with him." Now, while they were thus drawing towards the gate, behold, a company of the heavenly host came out to meet them! To whom it was said by the other two shining ones, "These are the men that have loved our Lord when they were in the world, and that have left all for His holy name; and He hath sent us to fetch them; and we have brought them thus far on their desired journey, that they may go in, and look their Redeemer in the face with joy." Then the heavenly host gave a great shout, saying: "Blessed are they that are called to the marriage supper* of the Lamb." There came out also at this time to meet them several of the King's trumpeters, clothed in white and shining raiment; who, with melodious noises and loud, made even the heavens to echo with the sound. These trumpeters saluted Christian and his fellow with ten thousand welcomes from the world; and this they did with shouting and sound of trumpet. This done, they compassed them round about on every side. Some went before, some behind, and some on the right hand, some on the left, as it were to guard them through the upper regions; continually sounding, as they went, with melodious noises in notes on high; so that the very sight was to them that could behold it, as if heaven itself was come down to meet * Marriage supper. Rev. xix., 9.-There came out also at this time to meet them. This passage about the trumpeters, as far as, "Thus they came up to the gate," p. 408, is not in the earliest edition. You shall go and be ever with him. We have seen (p. 377) that two co-ordinate or independent propositions united as here, constitute a co-ordinative compound sentence (or proposition). There are several kinds of these. (1) The copulative, where the conjunction is and, or some nearly equivalent conjunction or connecting words; as, also, as well as, not only.. . but also. (2) The adversative, where the contrast is such that the co-ordinate clause restricts or denies the thought of the preceding clause. Here the conjunction is but, or yet, or some kindred word; as, He is rich, but honest. (3) The disjunctive, where the two clauses unite to form one whole, but one excludes the other. Here the conjunction is or, nor, otherwise than, as... as. Thus, You must either work or starve. (4) The causal, where the latter clause denotes a cause, reason, effect, or inference, and the conjunction is because, therefore, on that account, or the like. Thus, He studies because he fears a whipping. them. Thus, therefore, they walked on together; and, as they walked, ever and anon these trumpeters, even with joyful sound, would, by mixing their music with looks and gestures, still signify to Christian and his brother how welcome they were into their company, and with what gladness they came to meet them. And now were these two men, as it were, in heaven before they came at it; being swallowed up with the sight of angels and with hearing their melodious notes. Here also they had the city itself in view, and thought they heard all the bells therein to ring, to welcome them thereto. But, above all, the warm and joyful thoughts that they had about their own dwelling there with such company, and that for ever and ever! Oh! by what tongue or pen can their glorious joy be expressed!-Thus they came up to the gate. Now, when they were come up to the gate, there was written over it in letters of gold, "Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates * into the city." Then I saw in my dream, that the two shining men bade them call at the gate. The which when they did, some from above looked over the gate, to wit, Enoch, Moses, and Elijah, etc.; to whom it was said, “These pilgrims are come from the City of Destruction, for the love that they bear to the King of this place:" and then the pilgrims gave in unto them each man his certificate, which they had received in the beginning. Those, therefore, were carried in to the King; who, when he had read them, said, "Where are the men?" To whom it was answered, "They are standing without the gate." The King then commanded to open the gate, "That the righteous nation," said he, "that keepeth truth, may enter in." Now I saw in my dream, that these two men went in at the gate; and lo! as they entered they were transfigured; and they had raiment put on that shone like gold. There were also that met them with harps and crowns, and gave them to them; the harps to praise withal, and the crowns in token of honor. Then I heard, in my dream, that all the bells in the city rang again for joy; and that it was said unto them, "Enter ye into the joy of your Lord." I also heard the men themselves, that they sang with a loud voice, saying, "Blessing, and honor, and glory and power, be unto Him that sitteth upon the throne, and to the Lamb, for ever and ever!" Now, just as the gates were opened to let in the men, I looked in after them; and behold, the city shone like the sun: the streets also were paved *Through the gates. Rev. xxii., 14.-May enter in. Isai. xxvi., 2.-The joy of your Lord. Matt. xxv., 21, 23.-For ever and ever. Rev. v., 13. Company, society, troop, association, assemblage, circle. Other synonymes? Write out, etc. They were transfigured as they entered. Complete the analysis. See p. 407. with gold, and in them walked many men with crowns on their heads, palms in their hands, and golden harps to sing praises withal. There were also of them that had wings; and they answered one another without intermission, saying, "Holy, holy, holy,* is the Lord." And after that, they shut up the gates. Which when I had seen, I wished myself among them. Now, while I was gazing upon all these things, I turned my head to look back, and saw Ignorance coming up to the river-side. But he soon got over, and that without half the difficulty which the other two men met with. For it happened that there was then at that place one Vain-hope, a ferry-man, that with his boat helped him over. So he, as the others I saw, did ascend the hill to come up to the gate: only he came alone; neither did any man meet him with the least encouragement. When he was come up to the gate, he looked up to the writing that was above, and then began to knock, supposing that entrance should have been quickly administered to him. But he was asked by the men that looked over the top of the gate, "Whence came you? and what would you have?" He answered, “I have eaten and drunk in the presence of the King; and he has taught in our streets." Then they asked him for his certificate, that they might go in and show it to the King. So he fumbled in his bosom for one, and found none. Then they said, "Have you none?" But the man answered never a word. So they told the King; but he would not come down to see him, but commanded the two shining ones that conducted Christian and Hopeful to the city, to go out and take Ignorance, and "Bind him hand and foot, and have him away." Then they took him up, and carried him through the air to the door that I saw on the side of the hill, and put him in there. Then I saw * Holy, holy, holy. Isai. vi., 3.-I wished myself among them. "Here, assuredly, the story ought to have ended, leaving the reader to shut the book, with the closing gates of heaven in his eye, and the author's pious wish in his heart. But the stern justice of John Bunyan to every part of his subject compelled him to add, what, indeed, is a very seasonable warning to those who go on pilgrimage, that though the right-minded Christian cannot fail at last, the presumptuous sinner cannot escape." Montgomery.-Taught in our streets. See Luke xiii., 26.-Bind him, etc. Matt. xxii., 13. Answer, reply, rejoin, respond. Other synonymes? Write out, etc. Analyze, So they told the King, but he would not come. They took up then, and -(they) carried him through the air to the door that I saw on the side of the hill, that there was a way to hell, even from the gates of heaven, as well as from the City of Destruction. So I awoke; and behold, it was a dream. Complete the analysis. on the side (of the of the hill. The student should exercise his ingenuity in devising convenient groupings of the words in the sentence to be analyzed. For convenience, a word may occasionally (like "that" in the foregoing example) be allowed to stand out of its usual order, and the fact may be indicated by placing the sign on the right, as above. See pp. 411, 412, etc. Write a brief abstract (what is technically termed the "argument") of the story of Pilgrim's Progress. Write an essay on the genius of Bunyan; on the peculiar merits of his Pilgrim's Progress; on the simple character of his language; on the peculiar training he had for his work; on his opportunities for mental improvement; on the great events that took place in England during his life, and his part in them; on intensity of feeling as an element in genius; on alliteration; on the rhythmic movement of Bunyan's language; on allegories; on the literary works that have been produced in prison. Is Bunyan wholly consistent in the conduct of his allegory? Does Faithful pass through the river? Does he join a church organization? Might any of the characters have been omitted without impairing the allegory as a work of art? Can you think of others that should have been inserted? Is it strange that, while on his pilgrimage, he has no communication with his own family? Write an essay covering the ground of any one or more of these questions. Write an essay on each of the prominent characters in Pilgrim's Progress, pointing out merits and defects in Bunyan's conception or development of them respectively. ANALYSIS. A complete analysis of a passage would contain,— 1. A syntactical analysis, showing syntactical combinations and relations. 2. An etymological or grammatical analysis, distinguishing the parts of speech with their modifications, and the particulars usually included in the term parsing. 3. An historic word-analysis, pointing out the origin, original form, and history of each word and of each significant part of the written word. 4. A phonetic analysis, showing the elementary sounds and their natural or proper significancy, etc. 5. An orthographic analysis, showing the origin, form, power, combinations, etc., of the letters in each word. 6. An elocutionary analysis, showing the ideas and sentiments as influencing vocal delivery. 7. A rhetorical analysis, naming, describing, and criticising the rhetorical forms, figures, and constituent parts of discourse viewed in a rhetorical light. 8. A poetical analysis, naming, describing, and criticising the poetical language, forms, and devices. 9. A logical analysis, naming and describing the logical forms, and criticising the conduct of the thought. In this volume we give the first six of the above, reserving the others for succeeding volumes. The following sentences and marks develop and illus trate a convenient MODE OF SENTENCE ANALYSIS. ANALY 1. I walked. (See p. 289.) -walked. The subject and predicate combination in its simplest form. 2. Good Christian says. (See p. 292.) Good Christian says. The adjective combination in its simplest form. |