À, PREP. 142, (2).
Abbreviations, p. 275.
Accents, LESSON 2.
Syntax of, 136. Place of, ý 136;
L. 34; L. 41. Observation on,
137. Adverbs of negation,
138.
Acheter, to buy, § 49, (5); its gov-
ernment, L. 50, 1.
A droite, to the right, L. 70, 6.
Accorder, s', to agree; said also of A gauche, to the left, L. 70, 6.
watches, L. 92, 3.
A fleur de, even with, L. 80, 2.
Active verb, ý 43, (2), (3.)
A force de, by dint of, L. 80, 2.
Active Voice, used in French in A l'égard de, with regard to, L. 80, 2.
cases where the passive is used in A raison de, at the rate of, L. 80, 2.
English, L. 35, 2; L. 46, 36128, Au dehors, outside, L. 80, 2.
(5.); ( 113, (1.)
Au dedans, inside, L. 80, 2.
Adjectives, 14, (1). Quaing Au delà, beyond, L. 80, 2.
14, (2). Degrees of Age, avoir used for, L. 20, 6.
signification, 14, (2). Gender A la campagne, in the country,
and number of, 15. Formation
of feminine of, 16, L. 13. Irregu- A la chasse, hunting, L. 34, 8.
lar adjectives, 16 (8). Adjectives A la pâ he, fishing, L. 34, 8.
having no feminine, ý 16, (9.) À l'anglaise, à la 1 inçaise, after the
Plural of, 17, L. 14. Agree- English, French fashions, L. 69, 3.
ment of adjective with nouns, À l'école, at school; à l'église, at
18; 83; L. 13, L. 14. Relat-
ing to several nouns, ý 18, (3);
L. 14, 1, 2. Determining adjec-
tives, 19. Demonstrative, 20;
93. Possessive, 21; ◊ 94; Re-
marks on, 95. Agree with ob-
ject possessed, ◊ 21, (2); L. 9, 3.
Numeral adjectives, ◊ 22; place of,
96. Cardinal adjective, 22, (1),
(2), (4); Variations of, 23; Ob-
servation on, ý 24. Ordinal num-
hers, 23, (3), (5). Observation on,
25. Indefinite adjectives, ◊ 30;
97. Verbal adjectives, syn-
tax of, 65. Remarks on feu,
nu, &c. 84. Adjective used ad-
verbially, 67, (3); ◊ 84, (5).
Place of, 85; 86; L. 15. Ad-
jective preceding noun, ( 85, (11).
Adjective different in meaning be-
fore and after, 86. Regimen or
government of, 87; 88; 89;
92; L. 79. Adjective requiring
a different preposition in French
and English, 90.
Adverbs. 67. Formed from adjec-
tives, 68. Degrees of significa-
tion, 69. Adverbs forming a
comparison of themselves,
À l'endroit, right side out; à l'on-
vers, wrong side out, L. 69, 1.
A l'insu, unknown to, L. 82.
Alphabet, L. 1.
Aller, to go, used for proximate fu-
ture, L. 26, 1. Aller trouver, to
go to, L. 26, 3. S'en aller, to go
away, L. 40; 1,2; L. 47, 1. Aller,
to fit, to sit, L. 47, 2. Aller à pied,
à cheval, en voiture, to walk, ride,
go in a carriage, L. 62, Exam-
ples.
Amis (un de mes), a friend of mine,
L. 67, 3.
Amuser, (s',) to take pleasure in, etc.,
L. 38, 6.
Analogy between many French and
English words, 147.
Answers in French should be ex-
plicit, L. 24, 12.
Apporter, amener, to bring, carry,
L. 44, 6.
Approcher, (s',) to draw near, L.
39, 6.
Articles,
13; L. 4, 1, 2. Elision
13, (7); § 146. Con-
of, L. 4, 2;
traction of;
6. English
13, (8); L. 5, 1; L. 25,
article, a or an § 14;
(9). Recapitulation of articles, | Cases, 2.
13. Syntax of, 77. Use of, Ce, demons. prn. ( 37, (6); § 108
77, (1), (2), (3), etc. Before
words used in partitive sense,
78, (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) ;
13, (10); L. 6, 1; L. 7, 5; L. 8,
4, L 12, 3; L. 29, 8. Article used
before words in general sense,
and abstract nouns, ý 77, (1), (2);
L. 8, 2, 3; L. 23, 11; L. 29 and 30.
Article omitted before number of
a sovereign, L. 30, 3. Article le used
before parts of the body, L. 63, 5.
Use of article instead of possessive
adjective; 77, (9); L. 37, 1;
L. 63, 5; L. 66, 3. Repetition,
of, 80. Remarks on use of,
81. Idioms in which the article
is omitted, 82.
Aspirate H, L. 3, 11,-H not aspirate
in héroïne, &c., L. 3, 11, note.
Asseoir, (s',) to sit down, L. 36, 4.
Assez, enough; its place, L. 34, 3.
Aujourd'hui, to-day, its place, L.
41, 5.
Au lieu de, instead of, L. 35, 4.
Au revoir, till I see you again, L. 89, 4.
Auxiliary verbs, 43, (8); 46.
Use of, 46. Paradigms of, 47.
Avancer, to gain, said of clocks, etc.,
L. 92, 1.
Avant, before, prep. § 142, 1.
Avoir, to have, used idiomatically
with quelque chose, chaud, froid,
fc., L. 8, 1. With coutume, besoin,
c., L. 21, 4. Used for the day
of the month, L. 19, 6; for age,
L. 20, 6. Avoir lieu, to take place,
L. 35, 3. Avoir mal, to have a
pain, etc., L. 66, 1. Avoir des dou-
leurs, L. 66, 2. Avoir, to hold,
L. 66, 3. Avoir chaud aux mains,
L. 66, 3. Avoir beau, to be in vain,
L. 67, 1. Avoir, used for dimen-
sion, size, L. 68, 1. Avoir, nega-
tively, 47, (2). Interrogatively,
47, (3). Interrogatively and
negatively, 47 (4).
BEAU, bel, handsome, fine, L. 18, 6.
CAPITALS, use of, § 145.
Cardinal numbers, 22, 2; 24.
Variations of, 23. Use of, after
names of sovereigns, L. 30, 3; ◊ 26,
(8). For the day of the month,
◊ 26, (1).
116; L. 81. Used for he, she
before être, L. 82, 1. C'est moi
L. 81, 1.
demons. adj., 20, (1); L. 10, 1, 2
Cedilla, L. 3, 6.
Ce que, what, L. 31, 4.
Celui qui, he who, L. 81, 4.
Chacun, each one, § 41, (2).
Chaque, each, § 30, (4).
Changer d'habit, to change one's coat;
changer de maison, to move, L. 58,
1. Changer, to exchange, L. 58. 2.
Chez, prep. at the house of, 142, (3);
Collective nouns, ý 3, (5), (6). Num-
ber of verbs after collective nouns,
L. 85.
Collocation of words, ◊ 144.
Combien de temps, how long; com-
bien de fois ? how often? L. 44, 1.
Combien y a-t-il ? how far? how
long since? L. 57, 4.
Comparison of adjectives, L. 17.
Compound nouns, ý 3, (7). § 9; L.
59. Gender of, 5, (15).
Conditional mode, 45, 2d, (3).
Use of, 125. Formation and
termination of L. 62, 1, 2. Irre-
gularities of, L. 62, 4. Not used
after si, if, L. 62, 6; § 125.
Conjugation of verbs. First conju-
gation, paradigm, (48. Peculiari-
ties of some verbs, 49. Second
conjugation, paradigm, 50.
Third conjugation, paradigm,
51. Peculiarities of verbs of
third conjugation, 49; 52.
Fourth conjugation, paradigm.
53. Passive verbs, paradigm, ◊ 54.
Rule, 55. Reflective verbs, para-
digm, 56. Negative form of,
57. Interrogative form, ý 58.
Interrogative and negative form,
59. Unipersonal verbs, para-
digm, 61, 2. Terminations of reg-
ular verbs, 60. Table of irregu-
lar verbs, 62.
Connaître, to be acquainted with, L.
30, 6. Connaître quelqu'un à la
voix, to know some one by the voice,
L. 87, 4. Connaître de vue, to
know by sight, etc., L. 87, 5. So
connaître à, to be a judge of, L
87, 6.
Conjunctions, § 73. Lists of, § 73.
2). Syntax of, 143. Govern- En, prep. 142, (2); L. 34, 5, 6, 7.
ment of, 127; 143. Requir- Endormir (s'), to fall asleep, L. 39, 5.
ing subjunctive, 143, (2); infin- Ennuyer, to weary, L. 38, 4. S'en-
itive, 143, (1); conditional or nuyer, to become weary, L. 38, 5.
indicative, ý 143, (3); si, iƒ, § 125, Entendre parler, to hear about, of, L.
(3); L. 62, 6. Examples of con- 35, 7.
junctions, L. 100.
Convenir, to be becoming, L. 49, 2.
Coucher (se), to retire, go to bed, L.
37, 5.
DANS, prep. in, § 142, (2).
Davantage, more, note, L. 16.
Day of month, week, not preceded
by preposition, L. 26, 10.
Degrees of comparison of adjectives
L. 16; L. 17.
Demain, to-morrow, its place, L. 41, 5.
Demander, to ask, its government,
L. 50, 1.
Démettre (se), le bras, &c., to dislo-
cate one's arm, &c., L. 93, 1. To
resign a place, L. 93, 2.
Demonstrative adjective, § 20.
Demonstrative pronoun, 36.
ELISION, 146. Of article L. 4, 2;
13, (7). Of pronoun je, L. 4, 5.
Of preposition de, L. 6, 3. Of ne,
L. 7, 3. Of pronouns le, la, L.
9, 2.
Éloigner (s'), to go from, to leave, L.
39, 6.
Emparer (s'), to seize, lay hold of, L.
93, 3.
Empêcher (s'), to help, to prevent
one's self, L. 93, 4.
Emporter, Emmener, to take away,
L. 44, 6.
En, pronoun, 39, (17); § 95, (5) ;
110; 103, (1); ( 104; L.
15, 7; L. 22, 3. Before a past
participle, 135, (7); L. 42, 11,
12. Used instead of possessive
adjective, ý 95, (5); L. 96, 1, 2.
Entendre, to understand, L. 96, 3. Se
faire entendre, to make one's self
understood, L. 96, 4. Followed by
another verb, L. 97, 4.
Envoyer chercher, to send for, L.
26, 5.
Épouser, to marry, said only of par-
ties, L. 67, 2.
Essayer, to try on, L. 47, 4.
Est-ce-que, prefixed to the verb,
98; L. 25.
Être, conjugation of,
47, (5).
Number of être after ce, 116.
Used for aller, to go, L. 43, 5. For
to belong, L. 47, 5; L. 91, 2. Être
riche de, to be worth, L. 49, 5.
Être en retard, to be late. and
other idioms with être, L. 91, 1.
Y être, to be at home, in, L. 91, 3.
Euphonic t, L. 4, 6.
Éveiller (s'), to awake, L. 39, 5.
Every day, tous les jours, L. 26, 8.
FACHER (se), to be or become angry,
L. 40, 4.
Faire, before another verb, to cause,
to have, L. 32, 3, 4; L. 97, 4.
Faire faire, to have made, L. 32, 4;
L. 63, 1. Faire raccommoder, to
have mended. Faire la cuisine,
faire cuire, to cook. Faire bouillir,
to boil, L. 63, 1. Faire peur, to
frighten; faire attention, to pay
attention; faire tort, to injure;
faire du mal, to hurt, L. 63, 3.
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used unipersonally, in speak-
ing of the weather, L. 33, 5.
Falloir, to be necessary, L. 48.
Feminine terminations, ◊ 6, (2), (3).
Feu, adj., late, ◊ 84, (1).
Future absolute, 45, (2). Use of,
124. Formation of, 61; L. 60,
1, 2, 3. Irregularities of, L. 61.
1, 2, 3, 4. Future anterior, 45,
(2), 8. Use of, 124. Forma-
tion of, L. 60, 4. Future used in
French where the present is used
in English, L. 61, 5.
GENDER, 4. By the meaning, § 5.
By the termination, § 6.
Gêner, to incommode, trouble, &c., L.
83, 5. Se gêner, to constrain or
trouble one's self, L. 83, 5.
Gens, people, L. 95, 2, 3, 4.
Government. See Regimen.
La plupart, most. Number of verb
after, L. 85, 3.
Le, meaning so, it, &c., L. 46, 4, 5.
Le mien, mine, &c., L. 9, 6; L. 12, 6.
Lequel, &c., which, L. 18, 6; L. 31, 7.
Gré, will. Bon gré, mal gré, &c. Lever (se), to rise, L. 37, 6.
Guère (ne), but little, L. 17, 5.
HATER (se), to hasten, L. 40, 7.
Hier, yesterday, its place, L. 41, 5.
Hour of the day, L. 20; L. 92.
IMPERATIVE mode, ý 45, 3d, (4). Use
of, 126. Terminations of, L.
70, 1. Irregularities, L. 70, 3, 4.
Two imperatives coming together,
100, (6). Imperative followed
by a verb. L. 71, 1.
Imperfect of indicative, ◊ 45, (2), 2d.
Use of, 119; L. 53. Formation
and termination, L. 53. Irregu-
larities, L. 54.
Imperfect of subjunctive, ◊ 45, (5),
2. Use of, L. 75. Terminations
of, L. 75, 1, 2, 3. Formation of,
L. 75, 4. Irregularities, L. 75, 5.
Importer, n'importe, no matter,
qu'importe? what matters it? L.
94, 1, 2.
In, dans, en, à, L. 34, 5, 6.
Indicative mode, ý 45, 1st, (2).
Indicative present, 45, (2), 1. Use
of, 118. Terminations, L. 23. 5.
Infinitive mode, ◊ 45, 5th, (6). Use
of, 128. Important rules, ( 128,
(4), (5). Verb preceded by an-
other, put in infinitive, L. 21, 2.
In order to, pour, L. 28, 8.
Inquiéter, (s'), to be uneasy, L. 93, 5.
Interjections, 74.
Interrogative form of verbs, L. 23,
9; L. 25, 1; 98, (5), (6).
Interrogative sentences, form of, L.
6, 4; 76, (4), (5); L. 56, 1.
Irregular verbs, L. 24. Table of,
◊ 62.
It, coming before verb to be followed
by I, &c. L. 81. It used absolutely
before verb to be, L. 81, 1.
Jusqu'où, how far? L. 44, 3.
Jusqu'à, until, as fur as, L. 44, 4.
LAISSER, to leave, to neglect, to forget
to bring, L. 86, 4. Followed by
another verb, L. 97, 4.
L'un, l'autre, one another, 41, (10);
L'un et l'autre, both, § 41, (11); L.
19, 3.
MADAME, Mademoiselle, used before
names of kindred, L. 24, note.
Before titles, L. 29, 6. Plural of,
L. 29, 7.
Mal, sore, pain, etc., L. 66. Mal de
dents, toothache, mal de tête, head-
ache, L. 66.
Marcher, to walk, L. 36, 6.
Marier, to marry, to perform the cere-
mony, L. 67, 2. Se marier, to get
married, L. 67, 2. Être marié, to
be married, L. 67, 2. See Épouser.
Measure, weight, price by, L. 68, 3.
Même, same, even, &c., § 30, (5);
Ø 97, (2).
Mener, porter, to take, to carry, L.
44, 6.
Mettre, to put on, L. 32, 1. Mettre
le couvert, to lay the cloth, L. 32, 1.
Mettre à même, to enable; mettre
pied à terre, to alight; mettre à
la porte, to turn out of doors; met-
tre au fait, to acquaint, etc., L.
69, 1. Se mettre, to dress one's
self, to sit down, L. 69, 2.
Mettre à l'heure, to set a watch, L,
92, 2.
Midi, minuit, noon, midnight, L.
20, 2.
Modes, 45. Indicative, ý 45, 1st,
(2). Conditional, 45, 2d, (3).
Imperative, 45, 3d, (4). Sub-
junctive, 45, 4th, (5). Infinitive,
45, 5th, (6). Participle, ý 45,
6th, (7).
Moi, toi, etc., used instead of nomi-
native pronouns, L. 17, 6.
Mon, ma, poss. adj., agree with ob
ject possessed, L. 9, 3, 4.
Monde, world, people, L. 95, 1. Tout
le monde, every body, L. 95.
Monsieur, used before names of kin-
dred, L. 24, note. Before titles,
L. 29, 6. Plural of, L. 29, 7.
Month, day of, L. 19, 6; L. 26
Must, falloir, &c., L. 48; ◊ 62.
NAITRE, to be born, Je suis né, I was
born, L. 43, note.
Ne, negative, 138. Place of, L. 7,
1. Ne-que, only, L. 19, 2. Ne,
idiomatic, 127, 3 ; § 138, (4),
(5); L. 72, 9. Ne-plus, no-
more, L. 17, 4. Ne-guère, L.
17, 5.
Ni, neither, nor, L. 7, 4. Article
used or not after ni, L. 8, 3, 4.
Ni l'un, ni l'autre, neither, L. 84, 4, 5.
Negative, second, suppressed after
certain verbs, 138 (2).
Neuter verbs. 43 (5). Their aux-
iliary, L. 43; ◊ 46.
Nominative. See Subject.
Non, no, Je dis que non, I say no,
L. 82, 3.
Notre, votre, our, your, &c., L. 9, 5.
Le nôtre, ours, L. 9, 6.
Noun, 3. Proper, (3). Common,
(4). Collective, † 3. (5), (6).
Compound, 3, (7). Taken in a
partitive sense, 13, (10); ý 78,
(1), (2); L. 6, 1; L. 29, 8.
Taken in a general sense, 77,
(1), (2); L. 8, 2. Gender by the
meaning, 5. By the termina-
tion, 6. Plural of, ý 8; L. 11.
Plural of compound, 9; L. 59.
Syntax of, 76. Place of sub-
ject in affirmative and negative
sentences, 76, (1), (2). In inter-
jected sentences, 76, (3). In
interrogative sentences, 76, (4),
(5); L. 6, 4; L. 56, 1. Place of
regimen, 76, (6), (7), (8), (9);
L. 56, 2, 3. Respective places of
possessor and object possessed,
76, (10); L. 5, 3. Of object and
its substance, 76, (11); L. 5, 4
L. 59, 6. Of object and its use,
§ 76, (12), (13), (14); L. 59, 7.
Nouveau, nouvel, new, L. 13, 6.
Nu, bare, adj., ◊ 84, (2).
Nul, no, 30, (7).
used after names of sovereigns or
for days of the month, L. 30; 3; §
26, (1), (3).
Oter, to take off, to take away, L. 82, 2.
Ou, or, agreement of verb with
nouns connected by, L. 84, 2, 3.
Oui, yes, Je dis que oui, I say yes, L.
82, 3.
PARADIGMS of auxiliary verbs, § 47
For others, see Conjugations.
Par où ? which way? L. 44, 5.
Participle past, ◊ 45, 6th, (7). With
out an auxiliary, ◊ 66, (3); L.42,
10; L. 98, 1. Accompanied by
être, ý 134, (2); L. 42, 6; L. 98, 3.
In reflective verbs, 135, (1), (2);
L. 45, 2; L. 98, 6; L. 99, 4. In
neuter verbs, L. 98, 3. Accompa
nied by avoir, 134, (3); L. 42, 5;
L. 98, 4. Never agrees with indi-
rect regimen, L, 42, 9. Neuter
verbs with avoir, ( 135, (6); L.
99, 2. Of unipersonal verbs, L.
45, 6; L. 99, 3. Never agrees
with en, 135, (7); L. 42, 11, 12;
L. 99, 8. Followed by an infini-
tive, 135, (3); L. 98, 7; L. 99,
5. Of passive verbs, L. 46; L. 98,
Fait always invariable before
an infinitive, L. 63, 2; L. 99, 7.
After le peu, 135, (8).
present, 64; L. 97.
Partitive sense, nouns taken in, L.
6, 1; 13, 10; § 78, (1), (2); L.
29, 8.
Pas, point, not, difference, 138, (1).
Place of, L. 7, 1, 2. Omitted when
a second negative occurs, 138,
(3); L. 7, 4. Omitted after certain
verbs, 138, (2).
Passer (se), to do without, L. 39, 1.
Passive voice, ◊ 113 (1).
Passive verb, 43 (4); L. 46. Con-
jugation of, 54. Rule, ý 55. Its
participle, L. 46, 2; L. 98, 2.
Past anterior,ý 45, (2), 5. Use of
Ø 122; L. 55.
Past definite, 45, (2), 3. Use of,
120; L. 51. Its terminations
and irregularities, L. 52.
Past indefinite, § 45, (2), 4. Use of,
Ø 121; L. 41.
Past of subjunctive, § 45, (5), 3.
Payer, to pay, its government, L. 50.
Personne, no body, § 41, (6); L. 7,7.
Persons, 31, (3).
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