Majesty's Affections from all your other Subjects, or make you ever deviate to a Particularity in their Favour, against the Good and univerfal Cries of your People.

This Noble Temper in your Majesty it is that secures me against all Fears from this Freedom, which I have taken; fince you will eafily fee a Publick Spirit, void of all private Aims, shine through the whole. I have therefore only to add my ardent Wishes for the profperous and long Reign of your Majesty over a People that are fenfible of the Blessing which Providence has bestowed on them in their gracious Queen.

[This memorial is re-printed from pages 99, 100,--111, of a very small volume of political tracts, called The Cabala, or Mysteries of State, published at London in the year 1715.]

THE STATE

OF

A SECRETARIES PLACE,

AND

THE DANGERS INCIDENT TO IT.

Written by ROBERT CECIL, Earl of Salisbury.

Reprinted from the Cabala, pages 115, 116,-120.

ALL Officers of State and Counsellors of Princes, have a prescribed Authority, either by Patent, by Oath, or by Cuftom; the Secretaries Place only excepted: but to them there is allowed a Liberty to Negotiate at Discretion, both at Home and Abroad, with Friends and with Enemies, in all Matters of Enquiry to gain Intelligence.

All the Servants of Princes deal upon ftrange and cautious Authority and Warrants for it: as in Disbursements and Receiving of Money by Treasurers, Receivers, &c. Which is done by fufficient Warrant; and in Conference with Enemies, as Generals by Commiffions; in executing of all Offices, as Officers by their Patents; and fo in whatever elfe: Only a Secretary hath no Warrant or Commiffion, in matters of his own greatest Danger, but muft rely upon the Word and Integrity of his Sovereign.

For fuch is the Multiplicity of Occafions, and the variable Motions and Intentions of Foreign Princes, and their daily Practices in fo many parts and places, that Secretaries can never have any Commiffion fo Large and Univerfal as to affure them. So that a Secretary muft either conceive, or dive into, the Thoughts of a King (which is only the Prerogative of God Almighty) or else a King

muft

muft either exercife the Painful Office of a Secretary himfelf (which is contrary to Majefty and Liberty) or chufe fuch a Secretary that he may repofe his confidence in; and the Secretary's Life must be in Truft with the Prince: for he cannot deal with Princes tanquam Inimicum futurum; and therefore all the Security he has is that his Sovereign will be Semper Idem.

All foreign Princes hate another Prince's Secretary, as well as all Ambitious Afpirers and Confpirators; because for the most part they either Kill thofe Monsters in their Cradles, or track them to a discovery, where no other Perfon could find the Print of their Feet.

Military Perfons alfo hate them; unless they serve them on all occafions, tho' never fo prejudicial to the Interests of their Mafters.

All Perfons in Offices and Places of Truft malign them, unless they wink at their Frauds and Cheating the King: All their fellow-Counsellors envy them, because they fee and do most have freeft access to their Sovereign; and on all Occafions that the Prince has to enquire into offences, to Deny, Prefer, or Punish, none are so much employ'd, or bear the Burden fo much, as the Secretaries.

Kings are advised to obferve Three things efpecially in a Secretary. 1. That he be created by himfelf, and be of his own Raifing and Preferring. 2. That he match not in a Family that is accounted Factious. 3. That he has a reasonable Capacity, and convenient Ability both of Friends and Eftate; that, by the firft, he may be able to go to the depth of what is committed to his Charge, being brought-up, as it were, in his own Condition: That, by the second, he might not be led-away with any vain or idle conceit, to wrong his prince, or abuse the Truft committed to him: And by the laft, That he may be able

℗ That is, ambitious aspirers and conspiraters.

to

to ferve his Majefty without wronging any Man out of a Covetous Principle.

On the other hand, a Secretary had need ferve a Prince that is conftant to his own Orders, and steady in his Commands; otherwife he is in a dreadful Condition: for he that lives by being trusted, ought to ferve faithfully; and he that is content to live at Mercy, ought to be careful in charging his Mafter that he be juft, and de boná Naturâ.

Whilft Matters of State are debated only between the Prince and his Secretary, those Counfels are like the mutual affections of two Lovers, Undiscovered to their Friends: When they come to be difputed in Council, they are like afking consent of Parents and adjusting Portion and Settlement and the Agreement of the Council is like the Solemnization of the Marriage.

Now, if there be a Secretary, whofe Estate can Witnefs he has not ferved for Profit; that he has preferr'd the Honour and Safety of his Mafter, and defpifed his own advantage; and, after all this, he finds his Fidelity and Diligence cannot fecure him against the Clandestine Infinuations and Slanders of his Malicious Enemies: 'Tis time to refign his Place. For, as, if he had not been fit to be Trufted, he was unworthy of his Life, fo his keeping his office after fuch an Affurance, fhews he is weary of it: for the first Day of a Secretary's being suspected, is the Birth-day of his Mifery; for at the fame Moment he is Tryed, Judged and Condemned.

* Or, perhaps, chusing.

CONSIDERATIONS

CONSIDERATIONS

ΟΝ ΤΗΣ

EXPEDIENCY OF PROCURING AN ACT OF PARLIAMENT FOR TIE

SETTLEMENT

OF THE

PROVINCE OF QUEBEC.

By FRANCIS MASERES, Esq.

Then lately appointed his Majesty's Attorney-General for the Province of Quebec, isi North-America.

London, printed in April, 1766.

THE difficulties that have arifen in the government of the province of Quebec, and which are likely ftill to occur in it, notwithstanding the best intentions of those who are intrusted by His Majefty with the adminiftration of affairs there, are fo many and fo great that the Officers, whom His Majefty has been pleased of late to nominate to the principal departments in that Government,* cannot look upon them without the greatest uneafinefs and apprehenfion, and defpair of being able to overcome them without the affiftance of an act of Parliament to ground and justify their proceedings. Two nations are to be kept in peace and harmony, and moulded

Lieutenant-General Guy Carlton, (who has been since created a Peer of Great Britain, by the title of Lord Dorchester} was appointed Lieutenant-Governour of the Province of Quebec at this time, and William Hey, Esq. Barrister-at-Law, was ap pointed Chief Justice of the Province.