Le Verbe Auxiliaire,

J'ay.

Avoir, To have.
L'Indicatif.
Le Prefent.
Le Singulier.

1.Ay, I have.
1. Tu as, thou hast.
1.J'Y
3. Il a, he has.
Elle a, fhe has.

Le Plurier.

1. Nous avons, we have.
2. Vous avez, je have.
3. Ils ont,Elles ont, they have.
L'Imparfait..

J'avois, I had.
Tu avois, thou hadst
Il avoit, he had.
Nous avions, we had.
Vous aviez, ye had.
Ils avoient, they had.
Le Parfait Definy.

J'eus, I had.
Tu eus, thou hadst.
Il eut, be had.
Nous eûmes, we had.
Vous eûtes, ye bad.
Ils eurent, they had.

Le Parfait Indefiny.
J'ay eu, I have had.
Tu as eu, thou haft had.
Il a eu, he has had.
Nous avons eu, we have had.
Vous avez eu, ye hav: had,
Ils ont eu, they have had.

Le 1. Plufqueparfait.
J'avois eu, I had had.
Tu avois eu, thou hadst bad.
Il avoit eu, he had had.

Nous avions eu, we had had.

The Helping Verb,
J'ay, I have,

Vous aviez eu, ye bad bad.
Ils avoient eu, they had bad,
Le 2. Plufqueparfait. A
J'eus eu, I bad bad.

Tu eus eu, thou hadft bad.
Il eut eu, be had bad.
Nous eûmes eu, we had had.
Vous eûtes eu, ye bad bad.
Il eurent eu, they had bad.
Le Futur.

J'auray, I will have.
Tu auras, thou wilt have.
Il aura, he will have.
Nous aurons, we will have.
Vous aurez, ye will have.
Ils auront, they will have.
L'Imperatif.

Aye, have thou.
|Qu'il ait, let him have.
Ayons, let us have,
Ayez, have ye.

Qu'ils ayent, let them have..
L'Optatif.

Le Prefent.

1

Le 2. Imparfait. (Que)j'cuffe,that I might have. Tu cuffes, thou mighteft have. Il eût, he might have. Nous euffions, we might have. Vous euffiez, ye might have. Ils euffent, they might have. Le Parfait. (Quoique) j'aye eu, although may have had. Tuayes eu,thou mayeft have had Il ait eu, he may have had. Nous ayons eu, we may have (had.

I

Vous ayez eu ye may have had.
Ils ayent eu, they may have had.
Le 1. Plufque parfait.
(Quand) j'aurois eu, though
(Should have had.
Tu aurois eu, thou fhouldeft
(have had.
Il auroit eu, be fhould have had.
Nous aurions eu, we fhou'd
(have bad.

Vous auriez eu, ye fhould hame

(had.

Ils auroient eu,they should have

Le 2. Plufqueparfait.
(Que) j'euffe eu,that I had bad.
Tn euffes eu, thou hadst had.
Il eût eu, he had bad.
Nous euffions eu, we had bad.
Vous euffiez eu, ye had had,
Ils euffent eu, they had had.
Le Futur.
(Quand) j'auray eu, when I
(have had.
Tu auras eu, thou haft had.
Il aura eu, he has had,
Nous aurons eu, we have had.
Vous aurez eu, ye have had.
Ils auront eu, they have had.
L'Infinitif.

I
Avoir, to have.
Avoir eu, to have had.
Les Participes.

Ayant, having
Eu, Eus, Eue, Eués, had.

The Helping Verb,
Je fuis, I am.

Il étoit, he was.
Nous étions, we wire.
Vous étiez, ye were,
Ils étoyent, they were.

Le Parfait Definy:

Je fus, I was.
Tu fus, thou waft.
Il fut, he was.

Nous fumes, we were.
Vous fates, je were.
Ils furent, they were.

1

Le

Vous cuffiez été, ye had been.
Ils euffent été, they had been.
Le Futur.
(Quand) j'auray été, when I
have been.

Tu auras été, thou hast been.
Il aura été, he hath been.

Nous aurons été, we have been.

Vous aurez été, ye have been.
Ils auront été, they have been.
L'Infinitif.

Etre, to be.
Avoir été, to have been.
Les Participes.

Etant, being.
Eré, been.

There are no helping Verbs in the dead Tongues, viz. the Greek, and the Hebrew; but there are in all the living Tongues, except the Portuguefe. I call the dead Tongues thofe that are taught in Schools; the living, that every one speaks naturally, the French, the Spanish, the Italian, the German, &c. The helping Verb, J'ay, is used in the Compound Tenfes of the Active Verbs, and the Helping Verbs alfo: As for Example, I have had, Jay en; I have been, J'ay été. In the Verbs of Motion, and Reciprocal, we ufe Je fuis; as for Example, Je suis allé, I am gone; Je me fuis levé, I arose.

Note, That the Participle of the Compound Tenfes is variable, and must agree in Gender and Number: 1. With the Accufative foregoing, Que, me, te, fe, le, la, les, nous, vous, after the Auxiliary Avoir. Ex. Je l'ay eue, I have had her. Je les ay 2. With the Nominative fore eus, ou eues, I have had them. going, after the Auxiliary Etre. Ex. Elle eft donnée, She is given. Ils font donnés, Elles font données, They are given, Except an Infitive follow. Ex. Elle eft allé voir, she is gone to fee.

When you conjugate with an Interrogation, put, 1. The Verb, 2. The Perfonal Pronoun. 3. The Participle, if there be a Compound Tenfe. Example ;

Ay-je (eu)? have I (had)? | Avons-nous (eu) have we (had)? As-tu (eu)? haft thou (had)? Avez-vous (eu)? have ye (had)? A-t-il (eu)? bath he (had)? Ont-ils (eu)? have they (bad)?

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Of Verbs, with the Negatives.

When

Hen you conjugate with the Negatives, if there be no Interrogation, put, 1. The Perfonal Pronoun. 2. The first Negative ne. 3. The Verb. 4. Pas, point, jamais, plus, or rien. 5. The Participle, if there be a Compound Tenfe. Example;

Je n'ay pas (cu).
Tu n'as point (eu) de foin.
Il n'a jamais (eu), &.
Nous n'avons plus (eu), &c.
Vous n'avez rien (eu).
Il n'ont rien (eu)......

I have not (had).
Thou haft (had) no care.
He has never (had), &c.
We have (bad) no more, &c.
Te have (had) nothing.
They have (had) nothing.

Obferve, That Point, jamais, plus, tho' often followed by the Participle of the Compound Tenfes, will have commonly the Article de immediately before any Subftantive following. Ex. Tu n'as point (eu) de foin, Thou haft (had) no care. Il n'a jamais (eu) de foin, He hath never (had) any care. Nous n'avons plus (eu) de foin. We have (had) no more care.

If befides the Negatives there be an Interrogation, put, 1. The Negative ne. 2. The Verb. 3. The Perfonal Pronoun. 4. Pas, point, jamais, plus, or rien. 5. The Participle, if there be a Compound Tenfe. Example;

N'ay-je pas (eu) ?
N'as-tu point (eu) de foin?
N'a-t-il jamais (eu), &c.?
N'avons-nous plus (eu), &c.?
N'avez vous rien (eu)?
N'ont-ils rien (eu)?

Have I not (had)?
Haft thou (had) no care?
Has he never (had), &c.?
Have we (had) no more, &c.?"
Have ye (had) nothing?
Have they (bad) nothing?

And if, befides the Negatives and an Interrogation, there be fome Perfonal Pronouns governed by the l'erb, and to be put before the Verb, they are to be placed thus: Ne nous y en a-t-il pas mis? Has he not put any there for us

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