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OF IDEAS, THEIR ORIGIN, COMPOSITION, ABSTRACTION,
VI. Of the Infinite Divisibility of our Ideas of Space and Time
VII. Of the Infinite Divisibility of Space and Time
III. Of the other Qualities of our Ideas of Space and Time
IV. Objections answer'd
IV. Of the Component Parts of our Reasonings Concerning Cause
The 'simple' idea, as Locke describes it, is a 'complex' idea of
substance and relation.
How this contradiction is disguised
Locke's way of interchanging 'idea' and 'quality' and its
effects.
Primary and secondary qualities of bodies
'Simple idea' represented as involving a theory of its own cause
Phrases in which this is implied
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It involves a judgment in which mind and thing are distin-
guished.
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And is equivalent to what he afterwards calls 'knowledge of
identity'
20
The simple idea as 'ectype' other than mere sensation
The same implied in calling it an idea of an object
Made for, not by, us, and therefore according to Locke really
existent.
By confusion of these two meanings, reality and its conditions are represented as given in simple feeling.
Yet reality involves complex ideas which are made by the mind
Such are substance and relation which must be found in every
object of knowledge
Abstract idea of substance and complex ideas of particular sorts
of substance
The abstract idea according to Locke at once precedes and fol-
lows the complex
Reference of ideas to nature or God, the same as reference to
substance
But it is explicitly to substance that Locke makes them refer
themselves
In the process by which we are supposed to arrive at complex
ideas of substances the beginning is the same as the end
Doctrine of abstraction inconsistent with doctrine of complex
ideas.
The confusion covered by use of 'particulars'
Locke's account of abstract general ideas.
'Things' not general.
Generality an invention of the mind
The result is, that the feeling of each moment is alone real
How Locke avoids this result .
The particular' was to him the individual qualified by general
relations
They cannot be overcome without violence to Locke's funda- mental principles
41
As real existence, the simple idea carries with it invented' re-
lation of cause
42
Correlativity of cause and substance.
43
How do we know that ideas correspond to reality of things?.
Locke's answer
44
It assumes that simple ideas are consciously referred to things
that cause them
45
Lively ideas real, because they must be effects of things
Present sensation gives knowledge of existence
46
This is the real thing from which abstraction is supposed to start Yet, according to the doctrine of relation, a creation of thought. Summary of the above contradictions .