Note 16, page 29, col. 1.

T was in the deep, immeasurable cave
Of Andes.

Vast indeed must be those dismal regions, if it be true, as conjectured (Kircher. Mund. Subt. I. 202), that Etna, in her eruptions, has discharged twenty times her original bulk. Well might she be called by Euripides (Troades, v. 222) The Mother of Mountains; yet Etna herself is but a mere firework, when compared to the burning summits of the Andes..

Note 18, page 29, col. 2.

Where Plata and Maragnon meet the main.

Note 23, page 29, col. 2.

He spoke; and all was silence, all was night! These scattered fragments may be compared to shreds of old arras, or reflections from a river broken and confused by the oar; and now and then perhaps the imagination of the reader may supply more than is lost. Si qua latent, meliora putat. It is remarkable,» says the elder Pliny, that the Iris of Aristides, the Tyndarides of Nicomachus, and the Venus of Apelles, are held in higher admiration than their finished works. And is it not so in almost every thing?

Call up him that left half-told The story of Cambuscan boldNote 24, page 30, col. 1. The soldier, etc.

In the Lusiad, to beguile the heavy hours at sea, Veloso relates to his companions of the second watch the story of the Twelve Knights. L. vi.

Note 25, page 30, col. 1.

No voice, as erst, shall in the desert rise;

Alluding to the oracles of the Islanders, so soon to become silent and particularly to a prophecy, delivered down from their ancesters, and sung with loud lamentations (Petr. Martyr, dec. 3, lib. 7) at their solemn festivals (Herrera, I, iii. 4) that the country would be laid waste on the arrival of strangers, completely clad, from a region near the rising of the sun. Ibid. II, 5, 2. It is said that Cazziva, a great Cacique, after long fasting and many ablutions, had an interview with one of the Zemi, who announced to him this terrible event (F. Columbus, c. 62), as the oracles of Latona, according to Herodotus (II, 152) predicted the overthrow of eleven kings of Egypt, on the appearance of men of brass, risen out of the sea.

Nor did this prophecy exist among the Islanders alone, It influenced the councils of Montezuma, and extended almost universally over the forests of America. Cortes. Herrera. Gomara. The demons whom they worshipped,» says Acosta, in this instance told them the truth.»

the game then in fashion.-See VEGA, p. 2, lib. iii, c. 9.

Note 26, page 30, col. 1.

Yet who but He undaunted could explore. Many sighed and wept; and every hour seemed a year, says Herrera.-I, i, 9 and 10.

Note 27, page 30, col. 2.

The solemn march, the vows in concert given. His public procession to the convent of Rábida on the day before he set sail. It was there that his sons had received their education; and he himself appears to have passed some time there, the venerable Guardian, Juan Perez de Marchena, being his zealous and affectionate friend. The ceremonies of his departure and return are represented in many of the fresco paintings in the palaces of Genoa.

Note 28, page 30, col. 2.

While his dear boys-ab, on his neck they hung.

. But I was most afflicted, when I thought of my two sons, whom I had left behind me in a strange country --before I had done, or at least could be known to have done, any thing which might incline your highnesses to remember them. And though I comforted myself with the reflection that our Lord would not suffer so earnest an endeavour for the exaltation of his church to come to nothing, yet I considered that, on account of my unworthiness,» etc.-F. COLUMBUS, c. 37. Note 29, page 30, col. 2.

The great Gonzalo.

The Great Captain. Granada surrendered on the 2d of January, 1492. Columbus set sail on the 3d of August following.

Gonzalo Fernandes, already known by the name of

Note 30, page 30, col. 2. Though Roldan, etc.

Probably a soldier of fortune. There were more than one of the name on board.

Note 31, page 31, col. 1.

The Cross shone forth in everlasting light!

The Cross of the South; « una Croce maravigliosa, e

di tanta bellezza,» says Andrea Corsali, a Florentine, writing to Giuliano of Medicis, in 1515, che non mi pare ad alcuno segno celeste doverla comparare. E s'io non mi inganno, credo che sia questo il crusero di che Dante parlò nel principio del Purgatorio con spirito profetico, dicendo,

I'mi volsi a man destra, e posi mente,
All' altro polo, e vidi quattro stelle, etc.

Note 32, page 31, col. 1.

Roc of the West! to him all empire given!

Le Condor est le même oiseau que le Roc des Orientaux. BUFFON. By the Peruvians,» says Vega, « he was anciently worshipped; and there were those who claimed their descent from him.»> In these degenerate days be still ranks above the Eagle.

Note 33, page 31, col. 1.

Who bears Axalhua's dragon-folds to heaven.

As the Roc of the East is said to have carried off the Elephant. See Marco Polo.-Axalhua, or the Emperor, is the name in the Mexican language for the great serpent of America.

Note 34, page 31, col. 1.

To where Alaska's wintry wilds retire.

Note 35, page 31, col. 1.

From mines of gold

Mines of Chili; which extend, says Ovalle, to the Strait

of Magellan. I, 4.

Note 36, page 31, col. 1.

High-hung in forests to the casing snows.

Note 44, page 31, col. 2.

The scorn of Folly, and of Fraud the prey.

Nudo nocchier, promettitor di regni!

By the Genoese and the Spaniards he was regarded as

a man resolved on a wild dedication of himself to unpathed waters, undreamed shores; and the court of Portugal endeavoured to rob him of the glory of his

Note 37, page 31, col. 1.

—and, through that dismal night. Aquella noche triste.» The night, on which Cortes made his famous retreat from Mexico through the street of Tlacopan, still goes by the name of LA NOCHE TRISTE. -HUMBOLDT.

Note 38, page 31, col. 1.

By his white plume revealed and buskins white. Pizarro used to dress in this fashion; after Gonzalo, whom he had served under in Italy.

Note 39, page 31, col. 1.

O'er him a Vampire his dark wings display'd.

A species of bat in S. America; which refreshes by the gentle agitation of its wings, while it sucks the blood of the sleeper, turning his sleep into death.— CLLOA.

Note 40, page 31, col. 1.

'T was Merion's self, covering with dreadful shade.
-Now one,

Now other, as their shape served best his end. Undoubtedly, says Herrera, the Infernal Spirit assumed various shapes in that region of the world.

Note 41, page 31, eol. 1.

Then, inly gliding, etc.

which he had pointed out. Lorsqu'il avait promis un nouvel hémisphère, says Voltaire, on lui avait soutenu que cet hémisphère ne pouvoit exister; et quand il l'eut découvert, on prétendit qu'il avait été connu depuis long-temps.»

Note 45, page 31, col. 2.

➖➖➖➖➖He spoke not uninspired.

He used to affirm, that he stood in need of God's particular assistance; like Moses, when he led forth the people of Israel, who forbore to lay violent hands upon him, because of the miracles which God wrought by his means. So, said the Admiral, « did it happen to me on that voyage.-F. COLUMBUS, C. 19.-- And so easily, says a Commentator, « are the workings of the Evil one overcome by the power of God!»

.

Note 46, page 31, col. 2.

In his own shape shall Death receive you there.. This denunciation, fulfilled as it appears to be in the cleventh canto, may remind the reader of the Harpy's in Virgil.-Æn. III, v. 247.

Note 47, page 31, col. 2.

Rose to the Virgin.

Salve, regina. Herrera, I, i, 12.-It was the usual service, and always sung with great solemnity. I remember one evening,» says Oviedo, when the ship was in full sail, and all the men were on their knees, singing Salve, regina, etc.» Relacion Sommaria.-The

Then, inly gliding like a subtle flame,
Thrice, with a cry that thrill'd the mortal frame,

1-magnum si pectore possit Excussisse deum.

says Herodotus, the children bury their fathers; in time of war the fathers bury their children! But the Gods have willed it so.-I, 87.

Note 68, page 33, col 1.

Cazziva.

Note 79, page 33, col. 2.

Thy reverend form.

His person, says Hererra, had an air of grandeur. His hair, from many hardships, had long been grey. In him you saw a man of an unconquerable courage, and high thoughts; patient of wrongs, calm in adver

F. COLUMBUS, c. 62.

times, statues and temples would have been erected to him without number, and his name would have been placed among the stars.

the

Here, in His train, shall arts and arms attend. There are those alive," said an illustrious orator, whose memory might touch the two extremities. Lord Bathurst, in 1704, was of an age to comprehend such things-and, if his angel had then drawn up curtain, and, whilst he was gazing with admiration, had pointed out to him a speck, and had told him, Young man, there is America-which, at this day, serves for little more than to amuse you with stories of savage men and uncouth manners; yet shall, before you taste of death,' etc.-BURKE in 1775.

Note 84, page 34, col. 1.

Assembling here, etc.

How simple were the manners of the early colonists! The first ripening of any European fruit was distinguished by a family-festival. Garcilasso de la Vega relates how his dear father, the valorous Andres, collected together in his chamber seven or eight gentlemen to share with him three asparaguses, the first that ever grew on the table-land of Cusco. When the operation of dressing them was over (and it is minutely described) he distributed the two largest among his friends; begging that the company would not take it ill, if he reserved the third for himself, as it was a thing from Spain.

North America became instantly an asylum for the oppressed; huguenots, and catholics, and sects of every name and country. Such were the first settlers in Carolina and Maryland, Pennsylvania and New England. Nor is South America altogether without a claim to the title. Even now, while I am writing, the ancient house of Braganza is on its passage across the Atlantic,

Cum sociis, natoque, Penatibus, et magnis dis.
Note 85, page 34, col. 1.

Untouch'd shall drop the fetters from the slave.

Je me transporte quelquefois au-delà d'un siècle. J'y vois le bonheur à côté de l'industrie, la douce tolérance