This beautiful castle was long the residence of the famous Condés. The building was bequeathed by the Duke d'Aumale in 1897 to the Institute of France.

Exercise.

2. Le père

1. Le crayon est bon, la plume est mauvaise. est grand, la fille est petite. 3. La grammaire est très difficile. 4. Il a une plume, la plume est bonne. 5. Le fils a perdu un petit livre. 6. Je suis grand, tu es petit. 7. Le fils est jeune, et la fille est jeune aussi. 8. Il est bon, elle est bonne. 9. Le frère est riche, la sœur est très pauvre. 10. Qui a écrit une très bonne lettre?

1. The good pencil, the bad pen. 2. The ink is very bad, the water is good.

3. The man has a good son. 4. Has 5. Has she lost a small pencil?

he also a good daughter?
6. Who has lost a large book?
the mother is very kind also.
mar. 9. You are very kind.
the letter is very good.

7. The father is very kind, 8. I have lost a small gram

10. She has written a letter, 11. The brother is young, and the

sister is young too. 12. The mother is tall, the daughter is short. 13. The grammar is difficult. 14. They have a friend, she is very rich. 15. The pen is good, the paper is poor

(bad).

Lesson 5: Present Interrogative of Être.

A bon jour bonne œuvre. The better the day, the better the deed.1

Use of Pronouns. (1) When the nominative it stands for a masculine noun (such as crayon), it is expressed by il; when it stands for a feminine noun (such as plume), by elle. J'ai un crayon, il est bon, I have a pencil, it is a good one. Il a une grammaire, elle est difficile, he has a grammar, it is difficult.

the

(2) In a question, if the subject of the verb is a noun, noun usually stands before the verb and is repeated after the verb in the form of a pronoun.

L'homme est-il riche ? Is the man rich?

La grammaire est-elle facile ou difficile ? Is the grammar easy or difficult?

1 Literally, For a good day a good work.

2. L'enfant a-t-il l'encre ?

4. La femme est-elle riche ?

3. L'homme a-t-il une femme ? 5. Nous avons vu l'encre, elle est mauvaise. 6. Vous avez un crayon; est-il bon ou mauvais?

7. L'enfant est-il

jeune ? 8. L'ami est-il riche ? 9. L'amie est-elle grande ? 10. L'homme est-il grand ou petit?

2. The son has a grammar. 4. He has also a good

?

1. The woman has a son. 3. The little child has a good father. mother. 5. The child has a sister. 7. Is he poor or rich? 8. Is the 9. Is the ink good or bad? 10. Is the grammar small?

11. Is it easy or difficult?

13. What have you written? [one]?

6. Is the man young pencil [a]1 good [one]?

1

12. Has the man a friend? 14. Is the letter [a] good

15. Are you tall or short? 2

Lesson 6: Present Negative of Avoir.

Nécessité n'a pas de loi. Necessity knows no law.

Plural of Nouns.

(1) Most nouns form their plural, as in

English, by adding s to the singular.

(2) The plural of all the forms of the definite article (le, la, l')

is les.

le frère, the brother.

la sœur, the sister.

l'ami, the friend.

les frères, the brothers.

les sœurs, the sisters.

les amis, the friends.

1 Words in brackets [ ] are not to be expressed in French.

2 Vous always takes a plural verb, but the adjective qualifying it is plural only when more than one person is addressed.

The negation not is ordinarily expressed by ne before the conjugated part of the verb and pas after it.

Je n'ai pas vu, I have not seen.

Exercise.

1. Avez-vous les grammaires? 2. Je n'ai pas les grammaires, mais j'ai les crayons et le papier. 3. Nous n'avons pas vu les maisons. 4. Il n'a pas fermé les fenêtres, mais il a fermé les portes. 5. Ai-je pris la plume? 6. Vous n'avez pas pris la plume, mais vous avez pris le crayon. 7. Avezvous trouvé les enfants? 8. Qui a acheté les maisons? 9. Qu'avez-vous acheté ? 10. Elle a fermé le tiroir.

2. He has closed the

1. They have bought the houses. doors. 3. He has also closed the windows. 4. We have not seen the pencils. 5. The children have taken the ink; they have not taken the water. 6. She has found the children. 7. Has the man closed or opened the windows? 8. Have you taken the pens or the pencils? 9. Have they bought the tables and the chairs? the small or the large pens? 12. Have they closed the books? the rooms? 14. Has she taken the

11.

10. Have you bought Have I the grammar? 13. Has the woman seen paper or the pen ?