dû rester chez nous toute la matinée. 13. Vous avez dû être très fâché. 14. Comment vont vos deux sœurs? 15. Comment vas-tu, mon cher petit ami? 1. She was to pay (rendre) us a visit to-day, but we haven't seen her yet. 2. I am not surprised that you haven't seen her; she had to go away over a week ago. 3. He has not gone there, so far as I know. 4. You frighten these children with your faces (grimaces). 5. Those men were shipwrecked 6. I shall have him punished 9. I should like on the second of April, 1890. by (par) his father. 7. That man ought to have his hair cut. 8. He says he will have it cut to-morrow. to have a coat made. 10. Shall I send for a tailor? 11. I heard that his uncle has failed, but I hope it's not true. 12. Come for a stroll in the garden, and you will see what beautiful roses we have. 13. Show (faire voir) them to us. 14. No one can tell how the thing happened. 15. She can read and write, and she is only seven. 16. He made all of his children do their duty. Oral Drill. 2. Devez 1. Quand devez-vous partir pour la campagne ? vous faire des emplettes avant de partir? 3. J'ai entendu dire que vous devez de l'argent au médecin. Est-ce vrai ? 4. Ne devriez-vous pas lui donner ce que vous lui devez ? 5. Ne trouvez-vous pas que ce chapeau me va? 6. Pourquoi vous en êtes-vous allé sitôt après la lecture ? 7. Combien de kilomètres avez-vous faits à bicyclette ce matin? 8. Si le temps est beau et qu'il fasse frais nous ferons une promenade ensemble, n'est-ce pas ? garçon fait-il toujours l'enfant ? 9. Pourquoi ce grand 10. Comment vous êtes 11. Voici un joli livre 13. Pour vous défait de cette sotte personne ? de photographies; voulez-vous que je vous le fasse voir? 12. Voulez-vous me faire place à côté de vous? quoi ne vous faites-vous pas couper les cheveux ? beaucoup trop longs. Ils sont 1. How are you? 2. I am very well, thank you; how are you (and you)? 3. Is this hat becoming to me? 4. Do you think (find) that it fits him better? 5. Why do you go away so soon? 6. You are busy! What are you going to do? 7. Would you like to go with us? 8. Can you speak Spanish? 9. Have you ever learned to read it? 10. Can't you dance? 11. Can you not dance this evening? 12. Do you owe him a dollar? 13. When are you to pay it? 14. Ought you to pay it soon? 15. Ought you not to have paid it long ago? 16. Has he ever asked you for it? 17. What kind of weather is it to-day? 18. Aren't you hard to please? 19. Don't you do anything but work? The five tenses from which we may form the other parts of regular verbs and of most of the irregular verbs are called primitive tenses, or principal parts. They are as follows: Infinitive, Present Participle, Past Participle, Present Indicative, Past Definite. nous suivons, 1st person plural, PRESENT INDICATIVE. Suivant, je suivais, IMPERFECT INDICATIVE. que je suive, PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE. j'avais suivi, PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE. j'aurai suivi, FUTURE PERfect. Suivi, j'aurais suivi, CONDITIONAL PERFECT. je suis, que j'aie suivi. PERFECT (PAST) SUBJUNCTIVE. ayant suivi, PERFECT PARTICIPLE. (suis, IMPERATIVE. que je suive, PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE. je suivis: que je suivisse, IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE. Practice Drill. - Form the tenses of the following irregular verbs from their principal parts: (1) Dormir, to sleep, dormant, dormi, je dors, je dormis. Also partir, to go out, sortir, to go away, servir, to serve, se repentir (de), to repent, sentir, to feel, mentir, to (tell) a lie, s'endormir, to go to sleep, etc., and their compounds. Observe that the final consonant of the stem is dropped in the singular of the Present Indicative of these verbs: pars, sers, sens, etc. (2) Offrir, to offer, offrant, offert, j'offre, j'offris. Also: souffrir, to suffer, ouvrir, to open, couvrir, to cover, and their compounds. (3) Prendre, to take, prenant, pris, je prends, je pris. Also the compounds of prendre apprendre, to learn, to teach, comprendre, to understand, entreprendre, to undertake, etc. (4) Plaindre, to pity, plaignant, plaint, je plains, je plaignis Also: se plaindre, to complain, and all verbs in -aindre, -eindre, -oindre, such as craindre, to fear, peindre, to paint, éteindre, to extinguish, teindre, to tint, atteindre, to reach, joindre, to join, etc. (5) Naître, to be born, naissant, né, je nais, je naquis. Like connaître and paraître, this verb has î in the stem everywhere before t. (6) Plaire, to please, plaisant, plu, je plais, je plus. Third singular, present indicative, il plaît. Also se taire, to be silent (no î in third singular, present indicative). :: (7) Vivre, to live, vivant, vécu, je vis, je vécus. (8) Battre, to strike, battant, battu, je bats, je battis. Also se battre, to fight, combattre, to combat, etc. (9) Conduire, to conduct, conduisant, conduit, je conduis, je conduisis. Also all verbs in -uire (instruire, traduire, produire, introduire, etc.), except luire, to shine (past participle, lui, and no past definite), and nuire, to injure (past participle, nui). The Passive Voice. As in English, any tense of the Passive Voice of a transitive verb is the same as the corresponding tense of the auxiliary verb followed by the past participle of the verb in question. Elle est aimée de tout le monde, she is loved by everybody. The passive is used far less frequently than in English, its place being taken by on with the active or by a reflexive construction. On m'a dit que ce n'est pas vrai, I have been told that it's not true. La porte s'ouvre, mais personne n'entre, the door is opened, but no one comes in. Cela ne se dit pas, no one says that. |