the word dun is not merely confined to demanding payment with importunity, but to any other thing demanded in a similar manner.

BAILIFF.

Bailiff (states the "Cabinet Lawyer") is of doubtfu etymology, and applies to offices very different in rank and jurisdiction. Thus, the sheriff is Bailiff to the Crown, in the county of which he has the care, and in which he executes the King's writs. There are likewise Bailiffs to whom the king's castles are committed, as the bailiff of Dover Castle. Lastly, the chief magistrates in divers ancient corporations, as Ipswich, Yarmouth, Colchester, Scarborough, and other places, are termed bailiffs.

The term Bailiff is no doubt derived from the word bail, implying responsibility, or a responsible person, as a Bailiff most assuredly is.

ANTHONY PIG!

The officers who had the inspection of the city markets in former times, were very diligent in detecting persons that brought bad provisions to sell; and pigs being then sold alive, they seized all that were found unmarketable, and bestowed the same upon St. Anthony's hospital, which the proctors or overseers

thereof no sooner received than they hung a bell round each of their necks, as so many testimonials of their belonging to them, and sent them abroad into the world to shift for themselves. These pigs, by frequenting the several parts of the city, soon became acquainted with their benefactors, whom they followed with a continual whining (which gave birth to a proverb, that "you follow and whine like a St. Anthony's pig"), till they received a benevolence; whereby in a short time they became so fat, that they were taken up for the use of the fraternity. Another pleasant observer says, "This was a common nickname for a dangler, among our old writers."

In

The

Tanthony, is a corruption of St. Anthony. Hampshire the small pig of the litter (in Essex called 'the cad') is, or once was, called 'the Tanthony pig.' Pigs were especially under this saint's care. ensign of the order of St. Anthony of Hainault was a collar of gold made like a hermit's girdle; at the centre thereof hung a crutch and a small bell of gold. St. Anthony is styled, among his numerous titles, 'membrorum restitutor,' and 'Dæmonis fugator:' hence the bell. The Egyptians have none but wooden bells, except one brought by the Franks into the monastery of St. Anthony.-Rees' "Cyclopædia," art. Bell. The custom of making particular Saints tutelars and protectors of one or another species of Cattle, is still kept up in Spain, and other places. They pray to the

tutelar when the beast is sick. Thus St. Anthony is for hogs, and we call a poor starved creature a Tanthony pig.-Salmon's "History of Hertfordshire," 1728.

RIBALD.

"It was," says Verstegan, "the proper name of Rabod, a heathen king of Friesland, who, being instructed in the faith of Christ by the godly Bishop Ulfran, faythfully promised to be baptized, and appointed the tyme and place: where being come, and standing in the water, he asked of the bishop where all his forefathers were, that in former ages were deceased? The bishop answered, 'That dying without the knowledge of the true God, &c., they were in hell!' 'Then,' quoth Rabod, 'I hold it better and more praiseworthy, to go with the multitude to hell than with your tew Christians to heaven!' and therewith he went out of the water unchristened, and returned both to his wonted idolatry and his evil life, notwithstanding the good admonitions of the bishop, and an evident miracle which (through the power of God) the said bishop wrought even in his own presence. He was afterwards surprised with a sudden and unprovided death, about the yeere of our Lord 720, and his very name became so odious through his wickedness that it grew to be a title of reproach and shame, and hath so continued ever since."

BEEFEATER.

Beefeater is a corruption of the French le buffet, which is now used for the apartment in which refreshments are supplied to the guests at royal balls or concerts in France. The final syllable is like that of charretier, added to charrette, or layetier to layette, &c. Dr. Ash ("English Dictionary") has BEAUFET, a corrupt spelling for a buffet. Boiste (Dictionnaire Universel) has BUFFETER (le verbe), and BUFFETEUR (le substantif); with a signification as regards drinking, and not eating. The buffeteur is described as a carrier who uses a gimlet, "percer les tonneaux en route, pour voler le vin." It is curious however, that Boyer, in his French Dictionary, translates Beefeater, mangeur de bœuf, and subjoins, by way of remark, that this is a nickname given to the guards of England, because while on duty they are fed upon beef; that otherwise, their true name is Yeomen of the Guard.

MAN OF STRAW!

It is a notorious fact, that many years ago wretches sold themselves to give any evidence, upon oath, that might be required; and some of these openly walked Westminster Hall with a straw in their shoe, to signify

* i.e. To pierce the casks on the road, to steal the wine.

they wanted employ as witnesses; such was one of the customs of the " good old times," which some of us regret we were not born in. From this custom originated the saying, "he is a man of straw." An article in the Quarterly Review (vol. xxxiii. p. 344), in which the Greek courts of justice are treated of, there notices the custom-"We have all heard of a race of men who used, in former days, to ply about our own courts of law, and who, from their manner of making known their occupation, were recognised by the name of Strawshoes. An advocate, or lawyer, who wanted a convenient witness, knew by these signs where to find one, and the colloquy between the parties was brief. 'Don't you remember?' said the advocate-(the party iooked at the fee and gave no sign; but the fee increased, and the powers of memory increased with it). 'To be sure I do.' 'Then come into the court and swear it.' And Straw-shoes went into the court and swore it. Athens abounded in Straw-shoes."

LUNATIC!

The term Lunatic is derived from Luna the moon, from the belief which formerly prevailed that all who are mentally deranged are more or less affected by the change in that luminary. This belief was held as far back as the times of Hippocrates and Galen. “In diseases," says Dr. Lardner in his 'Museum of Science