ACCIDENTS OF ADJECTIVES. RULE XVI. The adjectives bueno, good; malo, bad; primero, first; tercero, third; postrero, last; uno, a, one; alguno, some; ninguno, none, no; when they are prefixed (which they generally are) to the noun, lose the o in the singular, but never in the plural; as, "Un buen autor," a good author. "El primer mes," the first month." Note 1. Santo, meaning Saint, loses its last syllable when it is prefixed (which it always is) to the name of the person; as, "San Juan," Saint John. "San Francisco," Saint Francis. Except before Toribio, Tomé, Tomas, and Domingo; as, "Santo Domi go," St. Domingo.* Note 2. Ciento, when it is immediately followed by a noun, loses its last termination; as, "Cien hombres," a hundred men. "Ciento y tres capítulos," a hundred and three chapters. Note 3. Grande, placed before a substantive, generally loses its last syllable in the two following instances: 1st, When the substantive by which grande is followed, begins with a consonant; as, "gran temor," a great fear. "Grande inclinacion," a great inclination. 2d, When grande being applied to rational or irrational creatures, does not convey an idea of size, but of quality; as, "Gran hombre," a great man; that is, a man excellent for his good qualities. "Grande hombre," a big man. EXERCISES. In this vale of tears, we cannot valle lágrima (no podemos) any expect other thing, but troubles and afflictions, since this is otra cosa sino pena afliccion pues ésta es *N. B. Santa, the feminine of Santo, never loses its termination; as, "Santa María," St. Mary. the only inheritance, which our first parent left 1 us. nos. solo herencia que nuestro primero padre dejó Rasselas was confined in a private palace,' estaba detenido uno oculto palacio with the other sons and daughters of demas hijo con hija Abyssinian (los príncipes te royalty. For thy journey, I (shall give) thee' some de Abisinia.) por tu viage t daré money. A good government, is a great blessing. dinero. bueno gobierno es grande dicha. Vile creature, (wilt thou break off) thy depraved life, vil criatura dejarás tu depravado vida and pursue (a good one) that thy last day, (may seguirás una de buena paraque tu postrero dia not be) full of misery? esté lleno miseria sin. My father was pecado mi padre fué по Saint Patrick, and my mother in that of Saint Anne, mi madre la Santo Ana Santo Patricio but they were married in the church of Saint Dominick, pero † fuéron casado iglesia in the parish of Saint Thomas. parroquia Domingo I went to his house Tomas. fuí su casa more than one hundred times, and I never could find vez 3 nunca pude hallar They lost a hundred companies, and mas de † him' at home. le en ella every company, (was composed) of a hundred and twenty-five men. They manifested a great desire to go † manifestáron deseo de ir (with me.) Judas, one of the twelve, came, and with commigo uno vino him a great multitude with swords and clubs. multitud espada palo él rejoicing was in heaven. alegría habia cielo who, like Washington, quien como con Great after having won the (despues de haber ganado) sovereignty, gave it' to the people. The success of soberanía dió la ά comunidad acierto the enterprise was entirely owing (to their) not empresa se enteramente debió al no The adjectives alguno, some; and ninguno, none, or no; must always be placed before the substantive. Alguno is sometimes placed after the noun, but its meaning then, is like that of ninguno. Ninguno, therefore, placed before the noun, is like alguno placed after it. If we wish to convey the idea, that a person has no reason to do a thing, we may say, either, "No tiene ninguna razon para hacerlo," or "No tiene razon alguna para hacerlo." Again; "there is no person more anxious to learn than he is;" Ninguna persona hai, que tenga tantas ganas de aprender como él, or, "No hai persona alguna que tenga," &c. When the adjective tercero, third, is placed before the noun, it may, or it may not, retain its final o. We, therefore, say, either, "El tercer," or "el tercero dia," the third day. EXERCISES. Youth is apt to think that they do not run charms. There is no affliction (with which we (ninguno afliccion) que nos atractivos. hai ventajosa) si † (no ponemos) ninguno constreñimiento á our lusts, no control upon our appetites and nuestros deseos sugecion ά apetitos passions, they will hurry us' into guilt and misery. precipitarán nos en delito miseria Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United Tomas pasion + presidente States, resides at Monticello, in the state of Virginia. estado vive en RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES. Fortune is nevert more deceitful than when she fortuna es nunca mas engañoso que cuando t seems 1 most to favour. The diseases of the (parece que) mas + favorece enfermedad soul, are the most dangerous: we should endeavour alma son to cure them. á curar las mas pligroso debemo esforzarnos The proud tulip, the elegant ostentoso tulipon elegante narcissus, and the beauteous hyacinth of the well narciso bello jacinto bien as arranged garden,' have not' (so many) charms, compuesto jar lin tienen no tantos hechizo como the sweet (little flowers) that modestly raise florecilla que (con aire modesto) levantan lindo * If the sentence begins by ninguno, the negation no cannot be used; but no is absolutely necessary if the sentence begins by a verb; as, "No hai ninguna afliccion, or, Ninguna afliccion hai.” † An adverb of negation, is always placed before the verb. our toils, and produce advantages (beyond our producirá ventajas incalcu nuestros desvelo It is a defect in the English language, that (there are) defecto † es que по hai (at present) no certain rules for its orthography, or por ahora + cierto regla para su pronunciation. O (most wise) and sapientísimo ortografía (most powerful} poderosísimo Lord! father of light and mercy, inspire our* luz misericordia infunde nuestro Señor padre hearts3 with1 an ardent desire of (loving thee.) corazon en ardiente deseo amarte with their (There are) few men who are satisfied su So tan sanguinary have been the battles in New Spain, sanguinario han sido batalla Nueva España that they cannot (be looked at) without horror. que t no pueden mirarse precepts of a good precepto The bueno esperanza (se han presentado Ingratitude and tiempo necesidad ingratitud recurrred in the time of need. muchas veces) |