¿ Amó él? Amaréis vosotros? ¿Serán ellos felices?* Did he love? Will my father come? When the verb is negatively used, the negative adverb no, not, must always precede the verb; as, Adverbs serve to modify the signification of verbs; as, lee bien, he reads well; es tarde, it is late. Adverbs are divided into simple and compound; compound adverbs are those which are compounded of adjectives, or other adverbs, by the addition of a word or syllable; as, felizmente happily, from feliz, happy; fácilmente, easily, from fácil, easy; and simple adverbs are those from which the compounds are formed; as, cerca, near; dentro, within. The adverbs are divided into nine classes; viz-adverbs of place, time, manner, quantity, comparison, order, affirmation, negation, and doubt. * Sometimes, to render the expression more elegant, the verb is placed before the nominative, in sentences where a question is not asked; as, Vivia entonces su padre, his father was then alive; Vino ély sus secuaces, he and his followers came. Donde, where. Adonde? whither? Aquí, here. Allí. there. Allá, yonder. Cerca, near. Cuando? when? Entónces, then. Hoi, to day. Ayer, yesterday. Cada dia, every day. Of Place. De bajo, from below. En alguna parte, some- Enninguna parte, no where En cualquiera parte, any where. En alguna otra parte, somewhere else. En otra parte, elsewhere. En ninguna otra parte, no where else. Of Time. Ayer mañana, yesterday morning. El atro dia, the other day. La semana pasader, last week. Ultimamente, lately. Za, already. Aun, still. Luego, presently. Prontamente, quickly. Mañana á la noche, to- En tiempo atras, heretofore. morrow night. En lo sucesivo, hereafter. Primero, first. first place. En segundo lugar, in the second place. Despues, after. A montones, in heaps. Confusamente, confusedly. Sin distincion, indiscrimin ately. A COLLECTION OF ADVERBS, Requiring de before the nouns which come after them. Acerca de; as, acerca de lo que me dijo, concerning what he told me. A cubierto de; as, á cubierto de la lluvia, under shelter of the rain. Ademas de; as, ademas de lo que oí, besides what I heard. Al lado de; as, ponga vmd. esto al lado de ella, place this along side of her. Antes de; as, antes del sermon, before the sermon. Debajo de; as, debajo de la silla, under the chair. Delante de; as, delante del rei, before the king. Dentro de; as, dentro de la iglesia, within, or inside of the church. Despues de; as, despues de comer, after dinner. Fuera de; as, fuera del puerto, outside of, or without the harbour. Léjos de; as, léjos de mi país, far from my country. Mas acá de; as, mas acá de la bolsa, on this side of the exchange. Mas allá de; as, mas allá del parque, beyond the park. Adverbs requiring á after them: Conforme á; as, conforme à las leyes de los Estados Unidos, according to the laws of the United States. Junto á; as, junto á la iglesia, close to the church. Tocante á; as, tocante á las reglas se observará, &c. concerning the rules, it will be observed.* Adverbial Phrases. A lo hondo, to the bottom. A tiro de bala, at one's breast. Andar á gatas, to go on all fours. á la coz cogita, on one foot. á mas no poder, with all speed. - á escondidas, by stealth. de puntillas, on tiptoe. * There are, no doubt, more words of this kind. It is hoped, however, that this collection will be found sufficient for learners, as they are those which are mostly used, and by means of which, the rest may be easily acquired. |