Sing.-Masculine and feminine.

Nom. Acc. el nuestro, la nuestra,

Dat.

ours.

Gen. del nuestro, de la nuestra, of ours.
al nuestro, á la nuestra, to ours.
Plur.-Masculine and feminine.

Nom. Acc.

los nuestros, las nuestras,

ours.

Gen. de los nuestros, de las nuestras, of ours. á los nuestros, á las nuestras,

Dat.

Sing.-Masculine and feminine.

Nom. Acc. el vuestro, la vuestra, yours.

to ours.

Gen. del vuestro, de la vuestra, of yours.
Dat. al vuestro, á la vuestra, to yours.

Plur.-Masculine and feminine.

Nom. Acc. los vuestros, las vuestras, yours.

Gen. de los vuestros, de las vuestras, of yours.
Dat. á los vuestros, á las vuestras, to yours.

Sing.-Masculine and feminine.

Nom. Acc. su, theirs.

Gen. de su, of theirs.

Demonstrative pronouns denote precisely, and point out as it were to the eye, the nouns which they precede, or to which they have any reference. They are called Conjunctive Demonstrative when they are joined to a substantive, and Disjunctive when they have any reference to a substantive antecedent..

Pronouns used before a substantive.

(FIRST.)

Sing.-Masculine, feminine, and neuter.

Nom. este, esta, esto, this or that.

Gen.

Dat,

.Acc.

Abl.

de este, de esta, de esto, of this or that.
á este, á esta, á esto,

to this or that.
este, esta, esto, this or that.

de este, de esta, de esto, from this or that.

N. B. These pronouns, as well as their plural, show the person or thing present or near at hand.

Plur.-Masculine and feminine. (No neuter.)

Nom. estos, estas, these.

Gen. de estos, de estas,

Dat.

Acc.

Abl.

of these.

Sing.-Masculine, feminine, and neuter.

Nom. ese, esa, eso,

that.

Gen. de ese, de esa, de eso, of that.

Abl. de ese, de esa, de eso, from that.

Plur.-Masculine and feminine. (No neuter.)

Abl.

esos, esas,

those.

de esos, de esas, from those.

This second sort of pronouns expresses an object distant

from the person who speaks, and near to the person to

whom one speaks.

(THIRD.)

Sing.-Masculine, feminine, and neuter.

Nom. aquel, aquella, aquello, that.

Gen.

Dat.

Acc.

de aquel, de aquella, de aquello, of that.
á aquel, á aquella, á aquello, to that.
aquel, aquella, aquello, that.

Abl. de aquel, de aquella, de aquello, from that.

Plur.-Masculine and feminine. (No neuter.) Nom. aquellos, aquellas, those.

Gen.

Dat.

Acc.

Abl.

de aquellos, de aquellas, of those.
á aquellos, á aquellas, to those.
aquellos, aquellas, those.

de aquellos, de aquellas, from those.

This third sort of pronouns expresses an object very. distant from the person who speaks, as well as from the person to whom the speech is directed.

The adjective otro, otra another, is often joined with este and ese, taking away the e, as estotro, estotra ; esotro, esotra, other. Example: Estotro hombre this other man, "stotra muger this other woman, esotro hombre that other man, esotra muger that other woman.

Relative and interrogative pronouns.

Of cuyo, cuya; cuyos, cuyas, whose.

This pronoun cuyo whose, of whom, of which, is reative and interrogative; observing that it ought to agree with the thing possessed, and not with the possessor, as in English. Example: Cuyo es este libro? Whose book is this? Es el mio, It is mine. Cuyas son estas plumas? Whose pens are these? Son suyas, They are his. Es una señora cuyas prendas son conocidas, She is a lady whose qualities are known.

Pronouns relative and interrogative.

Que what, is interrogative, has no plural, and is common to both genders.

Quien who, is also interrogative, and makes quienes in' the plural.

Example:-Es d Dios d quien es preciso acudir, It is to God to whom we must have recourse. De nos otros mismos es de quienes se ha de tener miedo, It is of ourselves that we ought to be afraid.

The following pronouns are declined with the definite article.

Sing.-Masculine, feminine, and neuter.

Nom. el qual, la qual, lo qual, which or who.
Gen. de el qual, de la qual, de lo qual, of which.
Dat. á el qual, á la qual, á lo qual, to which.
Acc. el qual, la qual, lo qual, which.

Abl. de el qual, de la qual, de lo qual, from which.

Plur.-Masculine and feminine (No neuter.)

Nom. los quales, las quales, which.

Gen. de los quales, de las quales, of which. á los quales, á las quales, to which. los quales, las quales, which.

Dat.

Acc.

Abĺ. de los quales, de las quales, from which.

Indefinite pronouns.

These pronouns are so called, because they express a vague and indeterminate object. They are as follow without plural.

Nadie, ninguno, none, no man.
Ninguno, ninguna, not one.

Ni uno, ni una, not one.
Ni uno ni otro, ni una ni otra,
Ni unos ni otros, ni unas ni otras,

} neither.

Uno y otro, una y otra,
Unos y otros, unas y otras,
Cada, each.

Cada uno, cada una,
Un otro, una otra,

Unos otros, unas otras,

De otro, de otras,

A otro, á otras,

} both.

every one, every body.

}

one another.

}of others, to others, or other people.

But when this word others is governed by a substantive, then it is rendered in Spanish by ageno, agena, agenos, agenas, according to the gender and number of the noun to which it refers.

Example. Porque nadie puede disponer de lo ageno, Because nobody can dispose of another's property.

Alguno, alguna; algunos, algunas, some, somebody. Mucho, mucha; muchos, muchas, many.

The following govern the subjunctive.

Qualquiera, plur. qualesquiera, whatever. Quien, el que, aquel que, whoever, whosoever. Qualquiera; que, por mas que, whatever it be, whatever may be done.

Qualquiera cosa que, por mas que, whatever thing it may be, whatever thing may be done.

Cada, algo, nadie, fulano, fulana, such a man or woman; and zutano, such and such a one-have no plural; but the others make their plural by the addition of an s

er es.