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O coward conscience, how dost thou afflict
me!
[night.
The lights burn blue. It is now dead mid-
Cold fearful drops stand on my trembling
flesh.

What do I fear? myself? there's none else by:
Richard loves Richard; that is, I am I.
Is there a murderer here? No;-Yes; I am:
Then fly,-What, from myself? Great reason:
Why?

[flatter.

Methought their souls, whose bodies Richard
murder'd,

Came to my tent, and cried-On! victory!
I promise you, my heart is very jocund
In the remembrance of so fair a dream.
How far into the morning is it, lords?
Lords. Upon the stroke of four.
Richm. Why, then 'tis time to arm, and give

direction. [He advances to the troops.
More than I have said, loving countrymen,
The leisure and enforcement of the time
Forbids to dwell on: Yet remember this,—
God, and our good cause, fight upon our side;
The prayers of holy saints, and wronged souls,
Like high-rear'd bulwarks, stand before our
faces;

Richard except, those whom we fight against
Had rather have us win, than him they follow.
For what is he they follow? truly, gentlemen,
A bloody tyrant, and a homicide; [blish'd;
One raised in blood, and one in blood esta-
One that made means to come by what he
hath,
[help him;

Lest I revenge. What? Myself on myself?
I love myself. Wherefore? for any good,
That I myself have done unto myself?
O, no: alas, I rather hate myself,
For hateful deeds committed by myself.
I am a villain: Yet I lie, I am not.
Fool, of thyself speak well:-Fool, do not
My conscience hath a thousand several tongues,
And every tongue brings in a several tale,
And every tale condemns me for a villain.
Perjury, perjury, in the highest degree;
Murder, stern murder, in the direst degree;
All several sins, all used in each degree,
Throng to the bar, crying all,-Guilty! guilty! And slaughtered those that were the means to
I shall despair. There is no creature loves me; A base foul stone, made precious by the foil
And, if I die, no soul will pity me:- [self Of England's chair, where he is falsely set;
Nay, wherefore should they? siuce that I my-One that hath ever been God's enemy:
Find in myself no pity to my self.
Methought, the souls of all that I had murder'd
Came to my tent: and every one did threat
To-morrow's vengeance
on the head of

Richard.

Enter RATCLIFF..

Rat. My lord,

K. Rich. Who's there?

Rat. Ratcliff, my lord; 'tis I. The early village cock

mour.

Hath twice done salutation to the morn;
Your friends are up, and buckle on their ar-
[ful dream!
K. Rich. O, Ratcliff, I have dream'd a fear-
What thinkest thou? will our friends prove all-
Rat. No doubt, my lord.
[true?
K. Rich.
Ratcliff, I fear, I fear!
Rat. Nay, good my lord, be not afraid of
shadows.
[night
K. Rich. By the apostle Paul, shadows to-
Have struck more terror tothe soul of Richard,
Than can the substance of ten thousar.d sol-
diers,
[mond.

Armed in proof, and led by shallow Rich-
It is not yet near day. Come, go with me;
Under our tents I'll play the eaves-dropper,
To hear if any mean to shrink from me.

[Exeunt King RICHARD and RATCLIFF. RICHMOND wakes, Enter OXFORD and Others.

Lords. Good morrow, Richmond.
Richm. 'Cry mercy, lords, and watchful
gentlemen,

That you have ta'en a tardy sluggard here.
Lords. How have you slept, my lord?
Richm. The sweetest sleep, and fairest-
boding dreams,

That ever enter'd in a drowsy head,
Have I since your departure had, my lords.
+ Guard.

• Throne.

Then, if you fight against God's enemy,
God will, in justice, ward † you as his soldiers;
If you do sweat to put a tyrant down,
You sleep in peace, the tyrant being slain;
If you do fight against your country's foes,
Your country's fat shall pay your pains the hire;
If you do fight in safeguard of your wives,
Your wives shall welcome home the con-
querors;

If you do free your children from the sword,
Your children's children quit it in your age.
Then, in the name of God, and all these rights,
Advance your standards, draw your willing
swords;

For me, the ransom of my bold attempt
Shall be this cold corpse on the earth's cold
But if I thrive, the gain of my attempt [face;
The least of you shall share his part thereof.
Sound, drums and trumpets, boldly and cheer-
fully;

God, and Saint George! Richmond, and vic-
tory!
[Exeunt.
Re-enter King RICHARD, RATCLIFF, At-
tendants, and Forces.

K. Rich. What said Northumberland, as
touching Richmond?

Rat. That he was never trained up in arms.
K. Rich. He said the truth: And what said
Surrey then?.

Rat. He smiled and said, the better for our
purpose.

K. Rich. He was i'the right; and so, indeed, it is. [Clock strikes. Tell the clock there. Give me a calendar. Who saw the sun to-day?

Rat.

Not I, my lord. K. Rich. Then he disdains to shine; fcr, by the book,

He should have braved § the east an hour ago:

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Nor. Arm, arm, my lord; the foe vaunts in the field. [son my horse ;K. Rich. Come, bustle, bustle;-CapariCall up lord Stanley, bid him bring his power: I will lead forth my soldiers to the plain, And thus my battle shall be ordered :My foreward shall be drawn out all in length, Consisting equally of horse and foot; Our archers shall be placed in the midst: John duke of Norfolk, Thomas earl of Surrey, Shall have the leading of this foot and horse. They thus directed, we ourself will follow In the main battle; whose puissance on either side

Shall be well-winged with our chiefest horse. This, and Saint George to boot! What think'st thon, Norfolk?

Nor. A good direction, warlike sovereign. This found I on my tent this morning. [Giving a scroll. K.Rich. [reads.] Jocky of Norfolk, be not too bold,

For Dickon thy master is bought and sold. A thing devised by the enemy.

Go, gentlemen, every man unto his charge: Let not our babbling dreams affright our souls; Conscience is but a word that cowards use, Devised at first to keep the strong in awe; Our strong arms be our conscience, swords our law.

March on, join bravely, let us to't pell-mell; If not to heaven, then hand in hand to hell.What shall I say more than I have inferr'd? Remember whom you are to cope withal;A sort+ of vagabonds, rascals, and run-aways, A scum of Bretagnes, and base lackey peasants, Whom their o'er-cloyed country vomits forth To desperate ventures and assured destruction. You sleeping safe, they bring you to unrest; You having lands, and blessed with beanteous wives,

They would restrain the one, distain the other. And who doth lead them, but a paltry fellow, Long kept in Bretagne at our mother's cost? A milk-sop, one that never in his life

Felt so much cold as over-shoes in snow? Let's whip these stragglers o'er the seas again; Lash hence these over-weening rags cf France, These famish'd beggars, weary of their lives; Who, but for dreaming on this fond exploit, For want of means, poor rats, had hang'd

theinselves.

If we be conquer'd, let men conquer us,
And not these bastard Bretagnes; whom our
fathers
[thump'd,

Have in their own land beaten, bobb'd, and
And, on record, left them the heirs of shame.
Shall these enjoy our lands? lie with our wives?
Ravish our daughters?-Hark, I hear their
drum.
[Drum afar off.

Fight, gentlemen of England! fight, bold yeo-
men!

Draw, archers, draw your arrows to the head!
Spur your proud horses hard, and ride in
blood;

Amaze the welkin with your broken staves ‡?
Enter a Messenger.

What says lord Stanley? will he bring his
power?

Mess. My lord, he doth deny to come.
K. Rich. Off instantly with his son George's
head.

[marst.
Nor. My lord, the enemy is pass'd the
After the battle let George Stanley die.
K. Rich. A thousand hearts are great with

in my bosom !

Advance our standards, set upon our foes; Our ancient word of courage, fair Saint George,

Inspire us with the spleen of fiery dragons! Upon them! Victory sits on our helms. [Exeunt.

SCENE IV. Another part of the field. Alarum: Excursions. Enter NORFOLK,

and Forces; to him CATESBY. Cate. Rescue, my lord of Norfolk, rescue, rescue!

The king enacts more wonders than a man,
Daring an opposite to every danger;
His horse is slain, and all on foot he fights,
Seeking for Richmond in the throat of death:
Rescue, fair lord, or else the day is lost!

Alarum. Enter King RICHARD.
K. Rich. A horse! a horse! my kingdom for
a horse!
[a horse.
Cate. Withdraw, my lord, I'll help you to
K. Richm. Slave, I have set my life upon a
And I will stand the hazard of the die! [cast,
I think, there be six Richmonds in the field;
Five have I slain to-day, instead of him :-
A horse! a horse! my kingdom for a horse!

[Exeunt. Alarums. Enter King RICHARD and RICHMOND; and exeunt fighting. Retreat, and flourish. Then enter RICHMOND, STANLEY, bearing the crown, with divers other Lords, and Forces.

Rich. God, and your arms, be praised, victorious friends;

The day is ours, the bloody dog is dead. Stan. Courageous Richmond, well hast thou

acquit thee!

Lo, here, this long-usurped royalty,
From the dead temples of this bloody wretch
Have I pluck'd off, to grace thy brows withal;
Wear it, enjoy it, and make much of it.

The ancient familiarization of Richard.
+ Company.
Į Fright the skies with the shivers of your lances.

Richm. Great God of heaven say, amen to all.

draw us.

But tell me first, is young George Stanley
living?
[town;
Stan. He is, my lord, and safe in Leicester
Whither, if it please you, we may now with-
[either side?
Richm. What men of name are slain on
Stan. John duke of Norfolk, Walter lord
Ferrers,
[Brandon.
Sir Robert Brakenbury, and sir William
Richm. Inter their bodies as becomes their
Proclaim a pardon to the soldiers fled, [births.
That in submission will return to us;

And then, as we have ta'en the sacrament,
We will unite the white rose with the red:
Smile heaven upon this fair conjunction,
That long hath frown'd upon their enmity!-
What traitor hears me, and says not,-ainen?
England hath long been mad, and scarr'd herself;
The brother blindly shed the brother's blood,

The father rashly slaughter'd his own son,
The son, compell'd, been butcher to the sire;
All this divided York and Lancaster,
Divided, in their dire division.
O, now, let Richmond and Elizabeth,
The true succeeders of each royal house,
By God's fair ordinance conjoin together!
And let their heirs (God, if thy will be so)
Enrich the time to come with smooth-faced
peace,

With smiling plenty, and fair prosperous days!
Abate the edge of traitors, gracious Lord,
That would reduce these bloody days again,
And make poor England weep in streams of
blood!

Let them not live to taste this land's increase, That would with treason wound this fair laud's peace!

[again; Now civil wounds are stopp'd, peace lives That she may long live here, God say-Amen. [Exeunt.

This is one of the most celebrated of our author's performances; yet I know not whether it has not happened to him as to others, to be praised most, when praice is not most deserved. That this play has scenes noble in themselves, and very well contrived to strike in the exhi bition, cannot be denied. But some parts are trifling, others shocking, and some improbable. -JOHNSON.

Persons represented.

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GARTER, king at arms.

Surveyor to the Duke of Buckingham.
BRANDON, and a Sergeant at Arms.
Door-keeper of the Council-chamber. Por
ter, and his Man.

Page to Gardiner. A Crier.

Queen KATHARINE, wife to King Henry, afterwards divorced.

ANNE BULLEN, her maid of honour, afterwards Queen.

An old Lady, friend to Anne Bullen. PATIENCE, woman to Queen Katharine. Several Lords and Ladies in the dumb shows; Women attending upon the Queen; Spirits which appear to her; Scribes, Officers, Guards, and other Attendants.

Scene, chiefly in London and Westminster; once at Kimbolton.

PROLOGUE.

I COME no more to make you laugh; things now,

That bear a weighty and a serious brow,
Sad, high, and working, full of state and woe,
Such noble scenes as draw the eye to flow,
We now present. Those that can pity, here
May, if they think it well, let fall a tear;
The subject will deserve it. Such as give
Their money out of hope they may believe,
May here find truth too. Those that come to

see

Only a show or two, and so agree

The play may pass, if they be still, and willing,
I'll undertake, may see away their shilling
Richly in two short hours. Only they,
That come to hear a merry, bawdy play,
A noise of targets; or to see a fellow.

In a long motley coat, guarded* with yellow,

Will be deceived: for, gentle hearers, know,
To rank our chosen truth with such a show
As fool and fight is, beside forfeiting
Our own brains, and the opinion that we bring,
(To make that only true we now intend +,)
Will leave us never an understanding friend.
Therefore, for goodness' sake, and as you are
known

The first and happiest hearers of the town,
Be sad as we would make ye: Think, ye see
The very persons of our noble history,
As they were living; think, you see them great,
And follow'd with the general throng, and

sweat

Of thousand friends; then, in a moment, see
How soon this mightiness meets misery!
And, if you can be merry then, I'll say,
A man may weep upon his wedding-day.

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SCENE 1. London. An Antechamber in Stay'd me a prisoner in my chamber, when Those suns of glory, those two lights of ment, Met in the vale of Arde.

the Palace.

Enter the Duke of NORFOLK, at one door;
at the other, the Duke of BUCKINGHAM,
and the Lord ABERGAVENNY.
Buck. Good morrow, and well met. How
Since last we saw in France? [have you done,
Nor.
I thank your grace,
Healthful and ever since a fresh admirer
Of what I saw there.
Buck.

* Laced.

An untimely ague

+ Pretend,

Nor.

I was then present, saw them salute on horse'Twixt Guynes and Arde: [clung

back; Beheld them, when they lighted, how they In their embracement, as they grew together; Which had they, what four throned ones could Such a compounded one? [have weigh'd All the whole time

Buck.

I was my chamber's prisoner.

Henry VIII. and Francis I. king of France.

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To one above itself. Each following day
Became the next day's master, till the last
Made former wonders its. To-day, the French,
All clinquant *, all in gold, like heathen gods,
Shone down the English: and, to-morrow, they
Made Britain, India; every man that stood
Show'd like a mine: their dwarfish pages
As cherubims, all gilt: the madams too, [were
Not used to toil, did almost sweat to bear
The pride upon them, that their very labour
Was to them as a painting. Now this mask
Was cry'd incomparable; and the ensuing
night

Made it a fool, and beggar. The two kings
Equal in lustre, were now best, now worst,
As presence did present them; him in eye,
Sull him in praise: and, being present both,
Twas said they saw but one; and no discerner
Durst wag his tongue in censure t. When these
[challenged
For so they phrase them) by their heralds
The noble spirits to arms, they did perform
Beyond thought's compass; that former fabu-
lous story,

suns

Being now seen possible enough, got creditThat Bevis was believed.

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Chalks successors their way,) nor call'd upon
For high feats done to the crown; neither al-
To eminent assistants, but, spider-like, [lied
Out of his self-drawing web, he gives us note
The force of his own merit makes his way;
A gift that heaven gives for him, which buys
* Glittering, shining.

Sir Bevis, an old romance.

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I cannot tell

A place next to the king.
Aber.
What heaven hath given him, let some graver
Pierce into that; but I can see his pride [eye
Peep through each part of him: Whence has
If not from hell, the devil is a niggard; [he that?
Or has given all before, and he begins
A new hell in himself.

Buck.

Why the devil,
Upon this French going-out, took he upon him,
Without the privity o' the king, to appoint
Who should attend on him? He makes up
the file tt

Of all the gentry; for the most part such
Too, whom as great a charge as little honour
He meant to lay upon and his own letter ‡‡,
The honourable board of council out,
Must fetch him in the papers.
Aber.
I do know
Kinsmen of mine, three at the least, that have
By this so sicken'd their estates, that never
They shall abound as formerly.
Buck.
O, many [them
Have broke their backs with laying manors on
For this great journey. What did this vanity,
But minister communication of

A most poor issue?

Nor. Grievingly I think, [values The peace between the French and us not The cost that did conclude it.

Buck. Every man, After the hideous storm that follow'd, was A thing inspired: and, not consulting, broke Into a general prophecy,-That this tempest, Dashing the garment of this peace, aboded The sudden breach on't. Which is budded ont; For France hath flaw'd the league, and bath Our merchants? goods at Bourdeaux. [attach'd Aber. Is it therefore

Nor.

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'Like it your grace,

The state takes notice of the private difference Betwixt you and the cardinal. I advise you, (And take it from a heart that wishes towards you

Honour and plenteous safety,) that you read
The cardinal's malice, and his potency
Together to consider further, that
What his high hatred would effect wants not
A minister in his power: You know his nature,
That he's revengeful; and I know, his sword
flath a sharp edge: it's long, and, it may be
said,

It reaches far; and where 'twill not extend,
Thither he darts it. Bosom up my counsel,
You'll find it wholesome. Lo, where comes
That I advise your shunning. [that rock

In opinion, which was most noble. Certainly. || Practice. ¶ Proud. ** Lump of fat. tt List. Sets down in his letter without consulting the council,

§§ Conducted.

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