manner, or during their lives or good behaviour, as the judges are appointed here in England. And at the fame "time we may presume that the British Parliament, or the "Crown, will take care to increase the falaries of thefe judges and other officers of justice in every province, so "as to make their offices become objects of ambition and "competition to all the most able and active lawyers in the "province, who will thereby be induced to vie with each "other in duty and loyalty to the king's majesty, and in

•

zeal for the maintenance of his Royal Prerogative, in or"der to obtain them. This will be a moft ufeful regulation, “and cannot fail of producing the best effects: and it has "been already adopted in the important province of the "Maffachufett's Bay with refpect to the judges of the fupe

"riour court there.

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“In the fifth place, we may furely expect that the British government will greatly increafe the number of officers "employed in the collection of the cuftoms in America, "and in enforcing the execution of the laws of trade

amongst them, which have hitherto been most shamefully "evaded. This will be doubly ufeful; inafmuch as it will "not only tend to produce the just and full execution of "those laws, but will create a new fet of perfons dependant

on the Crown, and difposed to support its Prerogative. "This has already been done in fome degree by erecting "the Board of Commiffioners of Cuftoms for North"America, with handsome salaries of 500l. a year a piece. "But much more of the fame kind remains to be done in "order to give this measure its full and proper effect.

"In the fixth place, it feems by no means improbable "that a most judicious piece of policy which has lately been "adopted with respect to the great province of Quebeck, "may be extended to the other provinces of North-Ame

rica: I mean the measure of annexing a falary of 100%.

❝fterling

"Sterling a year to the office of a counsellor of the province, "or member of its legiflative council. For it is obvious "that fuch a measure, if extended to those other provinces,

would greatly contribute to keep the members of the feveral councils of them in a habit of conftant fidelity and "attachment to the interefts of the Crown and of Great"Britain.

“In the seventh place, it will evidently be proper to build forts, or citadels, in all the principal towns of NorthAmerica, and likewife at the mouths of all the principal rivers there; more especially at Bofton, New-York, Philadelphia, Albany in the province of New-York, and "Charles-Town in South-Carolina, and at the mouths of "the rivers Connecticut, Hudson, and Delaware ;—and to "keep-up strong garrifons in them; in order to curb the "licentiousness of the people, and to keep them in that

ftate of peace and fubjection to the crown to which we "have reason to hope they will foon be reduced. The "number of troops requifite for this falutary purpose will, "I prefume, be about thirty thousand men.

"Without this very important measure it would not be "poffible to carry the former measures into execution;—

at leaft till the people of those provinces had become "habituated to the new kind of government eftablished "over them, and had formed their hopes, and views, and "fentiments, accordingly. This measure is therefore in"difpenfably neceffary, that the dependance of the colo"nies on Great-Britain may be no longer nominal, as, "by the fupine conduct of former minifters of state, it has "been hitherto.

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And, as the foregoing regulations, and more especially "the laft, will evidently require a very confiderable fum of money to be every year expended by government; and "it is but reafonable that the Americans should pay this money

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"money, which their own ingratitude and obftinacy will "have made it neceffary for Great-Britain to expend upon "them; and the produce of the few port-duties now "fubfifting in America will be much too fmall to defray "this great expense ;-it will be neceffary in the eighth "place, that the parliament of Great-Britain fhould efta"blish fome further port-duties in America, to be applied "to the foregoing purposes, or to the support of the new "civil and military establishment which will be made "there. And perhaps, alfo, it will be thought expedient

to lay fome reasonable and equitable internal tax on the "Americans in aid of the faid port-duties, which might "hardly by themselves be sufficient to defray the whole ex66 pense of fo large an establishment. Such, for example, "might be another ftamp-duty, upon the plan of that "which was laid upon the Americans by the British par"liament in the year 1765, and too haftily, and most un"happily, taken-off in the following year, 1766; and which, by the confeffion of the Americans themselves, was the most judicious internal tax that could be imposed upon them, if (fay they) it had been right to impofe any "tax at all. This tax, therefore, might be again impofed (6 upon the Americans, after the appeal to the decifion of the "Almighty, which the Americans have made concerning "the right of the British parliament to govern them, fhall "have been determined against them, as we may hope it "will now foon be. And, if this tax fhould be again im"pofed on them, it will probably be neceffary to double "the quantity of it, on account of the great excess of the "expenfe of the new American establishment, (which the "rebellious conduct of the Americans will have rendered "neceffary,) above that which was thought fufficient at the "time of paffing the former ftamp-act.

"Thefe, and other fuch, measures will probably be "thought

thought by the British parliament to be the proper and "neceffary remedies for the feditious diforders of America, "and will, therefore, no doubt, be applied without delay, "in order to preferve a real, and not a nominal, dependance "of thofe colonies on Great-Britain. And thus the tem"poral affairs of that country will now speedily be ar❝ranged.

"But what more immediately demands our attention, "and, no doubt, muft excite the concern of the congrega"tion here affembled, is the fate of religion in those pro"vinces; which, it must be confeffed, has hitherto been "too little attended-to by the government of Great-Britain. "But now we may juftly hope this fault will be repaired, "and that fuch meafures will be adopted, in favour of the

pure and holy church of which we are members, as fhall "effectually establish and support it throughout all America. "Thefe, we may prefume, will be as follows.

"In the first place parliament will now, at laft, establish "tythes, or fome other legal payment, in the colonies of "America, for the maintenance of the clergy of the church "of England that are fettled in it. This feems fo highly "reasonable, that it is almoft a matter of ftrict juftice. For "it is no more than what has been done in Canada, by "the late Quebeck-act, in favour of the clergy of the church "of Rome, upon this equitable principle, That, if the "British government allowed the religion of the Roman"catholicks to be profeffed in that province, (which, by "the capitulation in 1760, and the treaty of peace in 1763, "it feemed bound in justice to do,) they must also provide "a maintenance for their priests.' "Now, furely, the "fame principle may be applied to our own church, and "will prove that, fince it is neceffary to allow the religion "of the church of England to be profeffed in the other "colonies

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"colonies of North-America, it is alfo neceffary to provide "a maintenance for its minifters.

"Nor ought thefe payments for the maintenance of the "minifters of the church of England to be made only by "those persons who are members of the church. This "would be much too narrow a fund for the decent and "honourable fupport of that denomination of protestants "who may be called the only established church in all Ame❝rica. In confequence of this pre-eminence of our holy

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church above all the fectarian perfuafions in religion, "(which, indeed, are but too frequent and numerous in "those provinces, but which, in a legal confideration, are "only tolerated in them, and not established, any more than "they are here in England,) it is fit and just that a general "contribution fhould be made for the maintenance of its "minifters by all the inhabitants of America without "distinction, even as here in England presbyterians, and "quakers, and other diffenters from the established church, <6 are obliged to pay tythes to its minifters. For those who "are difpofed to worship God in peace and charity, that is, "the members of the church of England, are entitled to a 66 regular and decent fupport for their ministers.

"In the fecond place, it may be hoped that the parlia"ment will make use of the present glorious opportunity to "ftablish bifbops in America. This is a measure of the "utmoft confequence to both the laity and the clergy of "the church of England in America;-to the laity, that "they may not want the important office of Confirmation, "without the benefit of which even a Toleration of the "church of England is not compleat:-and to the young "men who devote themselves to the miniftry of the gospel, by affording them an opportunity of receiving epifcopal "ordination in the country in which they have been born

" and