his increasing age rendered such exertion difficult. His parish church is in Springfield. When he first took the living to which he was appointed on his arrival in the country, the salary, for here there are no tithes, was two hundred a year; some late measure, fathered by Mr. Hume, had reduced it to one hundred. He spoke of this without bitterness as regarded himself, observing that he was old, and had other means of subsistence; but he considered it as a great injustice both to himself and his successors—

"For," said he, "it is clear that no man could take charge of this extensive district without keeping a good horse, and a boy to rub him down. Now, in this country, where wages are high, he could not keep a horse and a servant, and wear a whole coat, for less than one hundred a year. No man, therefore, who had not other resources, could live upon this sum; and no man who had other resources, and had received a fitting education, would be likely to come here. Í say nothing of the toil, the fatigue, the deep responsibility-these belong to his vocation, in which, though a man must labour, he need not surely starve; yet starve he must, unless he takes a farm, or a store, in addition to his clerical duties. A clergyman, in such circumstances, would hardly command the respect of his parishioners." vol. 1, p. 305.

This is another instance of that beautiful and one-sided spirit of economy which prevails in our country. Our readers are not all, perhaps, aware, that an annual sum of 15,000l. was given by the Government to the Society for Propogating the Gospel, which was employed by that society in supporting clergymen of the Church of England in our North American colonies. That sum is now entirely withdrawn, and the clergy in Upper Canada are, with few exceptions, we believe, almost entirely supported by this society out of its own funds. It is true, by the Constitutional Act of the Canadas, passed in 1791, a certain portion of land, under the name of Clergy Reserves, was set apart in each parish, for the express and sole use of the clergy of the Church of England, to be settled as incumbents in that country; but in the greater number of cases these lands, to which the clergy have a just and undoubted right, are still withheld from them, and they are dependent upon voluntary aid for their subsistence. The Popish priests in Lower Canada are all in possession of respectable incomes, no one of them having less than 2001. per annum, and the greatest part having 3007. per annum. The Government, also, of this Protestant country allows an income of 1,000l. per annum, to a Popish bishop in Lower Canada, and 5007. per annum to a Popish bishop in Upper Canada.*

* Whilst we are writing this, we perceive by the papers of the day

M M

Before dismissing Mrs. Jameson's work, we cannot refrain from saying that there are many observations and opinions contained in it to which we most decidedly object, and which, indeed, have nothing at all to do with the matter of the book.

The Huguenot, a Tale of the French Protestants. By the Author of "The Gypsy," "The Robber," &c. 8vo. 3 vols. London. MR. JAMES is well known as a most able writer of works of imagination. The ground which he has chosen for himself is one to which we are surprised that so few writers of fiction have resorted, considering how replete it is with striking and romantic incidents. We allude to the history of France, from which Mr. James has drawn the events and scenes of most of his tales. The one before us is quite as interesting as any of its predecessors, and could scarcely have appeared at a more seasonable moment. The majority of Protestants, at the present day, would seem to have forgotten, when they contemplate the progress of Popery, that it is the very same religion which, at no inconsiderable a distance of time, enacted those dreadful scenes of horror which are recorded to have taken place in France during the persecution of the Protestants in the reign of Louis XIV. Some of these detestable cruelties Mr. James has described in the tale which is before us, and shocking as they must be to the feelings of the reader, they will not be without their use if they serve to put him on his guard against the implacable foes of the Church of his native land. Whatever its friends and advocates may say, the Popish religion, although it may be concealed under specious disguises, still retains the same cruel and persecuting spirit which has always characterized it, and waits only for a favourable opportunity to display it again.

America and the American Church. By the Rev. HENRY CASWALL, M.A., Rector of Christ Church, Madison, Indiana; and late Professor of the Theological Seminary of the Diocese of Kentucky; ten years resident in the United States. London: J. G. and F. Rivington, 1839.

THIS work supplies what has long been a desideratum in British literature a candid view of the history, discipline, present

that the Government have sent out a Popish bishop and two Popish priests, with an allowance in money to each, to the Cape of Good Hope; the Romanists in that colony, let it not be forgotten, being only in the proportion of one in twenty compared with the Protestant population. This is economy and impartiality indeed!

state, and future prospects, of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America. Mr. Caswall is the author of the well-written "Epitome of the History" of that Church which enabled us to present to our readers much important and valuable information, in the first volume of our journal. That "Epitome" is, of course, incorporated in the present work, but with considerable additions and corrections. Having resided ten years in different parts of the American Union, in the various capacities of missionary, professor of theological literature, and rector of a parish, Mr. Caswall has enjoyed opportunities for collecting accurate information relative to the state of education, religion, and the Church, far superior to those possessed by some rapid travellers; who, after a short residence of a few months, or even weeks, have communicated to the public the crude results of their hasty and imperfect observation. Combining the details of his personal adventures (if we may be allowed the expression) with historical research, Mr. Caswall has produced a very interesting and well-written volume, from which we should gladly have transferred some passages to our pages, had we not already devoted a considerable space to the history and present state of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States. At a period when the opponents of the United Church of England and Ireland are openly endeavouring to undermine her influence, and to injure her reputation, a work like the present is peculiarly seasonable. Most cordially do we concur in the hope expressed by Mr. Caswall, that the contemplation of a remote branch of the English Establishment, rising from its ruins, and not merely sustaining itself, but increasing with unprecedented rapidity, will induce Englishmen to prize more highly those blessings which they now enjoy, and which so many in America are endeavouring to extend."

This work is handsomely printed, and is illustrated with a map containing the Diocesan divisions of the United States, together with four engravings representing a log Sunday-school and church, the ruins of the first church built in America, and a camp-meeting by night. We hope it will receive, what it richly deserves, an attentive perusal, and a widely extended circulation. We shall probably recur to Mr. Caswall's volume in a future number.

Increase of Popery. By JAMES RUDGE, D. D. Painter: London.

WE have received a very able pamphlet upon Popery, by the Rev, Dr. Rudge, which we wish especially to recommend to our

readers. It contains much valuable information. The style is forcible, and the work bears indisputable marks of the author's talent and attachment to that Church of which he has, upon more than one occasion, proved himself so able a champion.

Ecclesiastical Keport.

WHAT will, or what will not the present Government do to depress the Church and advance Popery? What intrusion into private rights shall appear too great, if intrusion into Church property be sanctioned? By what tenure more secure than that under which the subject of an Asiatic despot holds his head shall the people of England hope to hold their possessions, if those of the Church of the God of their forefathers be not respected? To these reflections we are led by the gross violation of justice which has already been tolerated, where the ecclesiastical body is concerned, and by the rapine-threatening hand which is stretched forth against our cathedrals, collegiate-churches, and benefices; for we argue, whether the grasped funds be applied to the Church or not, that the principle cannot be recognised, that what belongs to one party can be appropriated to another without the losing party's consent, and we affirm that this plan of robbing Peter to pay Paul, according to the vulgar adage, scarcely differs in the degree of dishonesty from those acts which have immortalized Turpin and the predatory fraternity; yet, indeed, with this difference, that the latter, though proceeding equally on an assumption of power, assumed it at a personal risk. We should scarcely have greater reason to dread a government which would confiscate Church property at once, than one which stealthily proceeds towards it. It is another question whether there would be a government which would so far dare to try the public spirit. It is one thing to endeavour secretly to undermine the foundation, another openly to assault a castle. But whilst Lord John Russell, affecting an anxiety that Church property should be taken from its legal owners to promote clerical efficiency, rhodomontades and throws out highly sounding words of vanity in Parliament, he discovers not the same anxiety to authorise the commission to inquire whether among the Duke of Bedford's broad lands there be not Church property which might be rightfully reclaimed. No! lest such a deplorable measure should be suggested, especial care is taken to protect lay-patronage, and divest the contemplated act of any application to lay-patrons. And though through this omission the

real, the genuine object of the commission must become apparent, no war is waged against lay-impropriations; and the robbery of Church property is contemplated, whilst want of Church means, in certain quarters, is the subject of complaint; to remedy which want, restitution is not made from these lay impropriations, nor from Church lands in the possession of the laity, but private bequests, ancient charters, grants, and the like, are sought to be diverted from their consecrated purposes, and the public faith is dishonoured by the proposal of what, in foro conscientiæ, and according to every form of jurisprudence, is public fraud.

Nor is this wrongful appropriation of the funds the only grievance suggested: but vested patronage is violently disturbed and transferred either to the Crown or the Bishops; custom, which has a certain validity in law, is set aside; clerical offices are curtailed; no proper provision is left for the fit maintenance of cathedral services, or even the repairs of the buildings; and an illegal, imperious Commission is promoted to preside over the house of God; and, as if self-respect was lost in the general object, to the two chief bishops on the Commission extraordinary privileges have been proposed to be granted. The entire principle has been that of pauperization; for whilst the cathedral dignitaries have been in prospect despoiled, the application of the income to be taken from them will not materially enrich those on whom it is desired to be conferred. Such a distribution of the loaves and fishes will satisfy no party: but whether the distributors may, or may not, find some fragments to be picked up, we will not tax our prophetic spirit to determine. Far would we be from conjecturing whether any, or how much, or how little, of the examples of Ananias and Sapphira might be observed in this partition of property; we, however, know that where the carcase is, the vultures will flock.

It is, notwithstanding, singular that whilst the efficiency of the Church is pretended to be consulted by this impoverishing process, the Schismatics and Papists, who labour with every energy of body and soul to destroy its efficiency, are not harassed by vexatious enactments, are not circumscribed in their incomes, are not confined in their character of enemies to the Establishment within even salutary restrictions, but are provided with every facility to advance their own power, and carry their dark projects into effect. Whether their creed be right, or whether it be wrong, whether the National Church should be defended, or whether the boiling scum of impetuous opinions should be permitted to defile the land, are no longer legislative considerations. The revolutionary blood-hounds are let loose against