from these voracious animals, but for their destruction. The method most in use consists in sticking into the trunk of the tree old blades of knives, standing upwards, scythes, and pieces of pointed iron, disposed circularly round it, when the tree is straight, or at the place of bending, when the trunk is crooked. The bear has commonly dexterity enough to avoid these points in climbing up the tree; but when he descends, as he always does, backwards, he gets on these sharp hooks, and receives such deep wounds, that he usually dies. Old bears frequently take the precaution to bend down these blades with their fore-paws as they mount, and thereby render all this offensive armour useless.

Another destructive apparatus has some similitude to the catapulta of the ancients. It is hxed in such a manner that, at the instant the bear prepares to climb the tree, he pulls a string that lets go the machine, whose elasticity strikes a dart into the animal's breast. A further mode is to suspend a platform by long ropes to the farthest extremity of a branch of the tree. The platform is disposed horizontally before the hive, and there tied fast to the trunk of the tree with a cord made of bark. The bear, who finds the seat very convenient for proceeding to the opening of the hive, begins by tearing the cord of bark which holds the platform to the trunk, and hinders him from executing his purpose. Upon this the platform immediately quits the tree, and swings in the air with the animal seated upon it. If, on the first shock, the bear is not tumbled out, he must either take a very dangerous leap, or remain patiently in his suspended seat.

If he take the

leap, either involuntarily, or by his own good will, he falls on sharp points, placed all about the bottom of the tree; if he resolve to remain where he is, he is shot by arrows or musket balls.

FLORAL DIRECTORY.

White butterbur. Tressilago alba.

often finely varnished to protect them from the wet and cold, are the principal botanical subjects for observation in January, and their structure is particularly worthy of notice; to the practical gardener an attention to their appearance is indispensable, as by them alone can he prune with safety. Buds are always formed in the spring preceding that in which they open, and are of two kinds, leaf buds and flower buds, distinguished by a difference of shape and figure, easily discernible by the observing eye; the fruit buds being thicker, rounder, and shorter, than the others-hence the gardener can judge of the probable quantity of blossom that will appear:"

Lines on Buds, by Cowper.
When all this uniform uncoloured scene
Shall be dismantled of its fleecy load,
And flush into variety again.
From dearth to plenty, and from death to life,
Is Nature's progress, when she lectures man
In heavenly truth; evincing, as she makes
The grand transition, that there lives and
works

A soul in all things, and that soul is God.
He sets the bright procession on its way,
And marshals all the order of the year;
He marks the bounds which winter may not

pass,

And blunts his pointed fury; in its case,
Russet and rude, folds up the tender germ,
Uninjured, with inimitable art;
And ere one flowery season fades and dies,
Designs the blooming wonders of the next.

"Buds possess a power analogous to that of seeds, and have been called the viviparous offspring of vegetables, inasmuch as they admit of a removal from their original connection, and, its action being suspended for an indefinite time, can be renewed at pleasure."

On Icicles, by Cowper.
The mill-dam dashes on the restless wheel,
And wantons in the pebbly gulf below.
No frost can bind it there; its utmost force
Can but arrest the light and smoky mist,
That in its fall the liquid sheet throws wide.
And see where it has hung th' embroidered
banks

With forms so various, that no powers of art,
The pencil, or the pen, may trace the scene!
Here glittering turrets rise, upbearing high
(Fantastic misarrangement !) on the roof
St. Julian of Large growth of what may seem the sparkling

January 27.

St. John Chrysostom.

Mans. St. Marius.

THE SEASON

It is observed in Dr. Forster's "Perennial Calendar," that "Buds and embryo blossoms in their silky, downy coats,

trees

And shrubs of fairy land. The crystal drops
That trickle down the branches, fast con
gealed,

Shoot into pillars of pellucid length,
And prop the pile they but adorned before,

of engraving, and even printed maps and Holiday at the Public Offices; except the

Cum Crimi syscoe can scarce cmste i prester absurdity than retainng me tree actas dedicated to the House of Stuart. Was the preservation of Games — a preater Cuess to England Dan de testricten of the Spanish armata, or when 10 st. is established? Le ve num res free for the execution we at this day

Life of William Lily, waren by himse Charles I. caused me ni astroger to be consulted rustment. This is Lily's account:

Fund a wet a DEMI and many whers and he enderr et en fyterian Seng Claces' As Marina annnet de emperr: ma ne si quit us cod When is the der, a ne o ruling umsat n ne san ʼn je viset our? What sense is dust, made a peener and another there a banking leaven for the restorato the emperor 20 * fed nomen me zun or a family, which so soon became arni tark dend; but de encerr srece in! #mid are wadentand 1 Tien ne erasers commanded her to be artaret The part's tones of these operations and her sarapes, are wonderfully partcar Acerring to am, books and sues her no machef; we had a faculty of shining, which the pouring of ace hard wyn her would not quench; when m gani, men in dazzling white surrounded her; she could not feel a hundred and eighteen wounds; a fence on, who had fated three days, would not eat her, and fire would not barn her; but a sword cut her head off in 223, and at the end of two days two sagles were found watching her only. "That which above all confirmeth the truth of this relation," says Ribadeneira, is, that there is nothing herein related but what is in brief in the Jeans of the Roman Breviary, commanded by public authority to be read on her feast by the whole church.”

CHRONOLOGY.

On this day, in the year 1649, king Charles I was beheaded. In the Common Prayer Book of the Church of England, it is called "The Day of the Martyrdom of the Blessed King Charles I." and there is "A Form of Prayer, with Fasting, to be used yearly" upon its re

currence.

The sheet, which received the head of Charles I. after its decapitation, is carefully preserved along with the communion plate in the church of Ashburnham, in this county; the blood, with which it has been almost entirely covered, now appears nearly black. The watch of the unfortunate monarch is also deposited with the linen, the movements of which are still perfect. These relics came into the possession of lord Ashburnham immediately After the death of the king.-Brighton Herald.

Es majesty. Chames L baving intrusted the Sects with his person, was, for money, becvered to the hands of de English parliament, and, by several removas, was had to Hampton-court, about Jaly or August, 1647: for he was there, and at that time when my house was visited with the plague. He was destrous to escape from the soldiery, and to coscure seif for some time near London, the citizens whereof began now to be unruly, and alienated in affection from the parliament, inclining wholly to his majesty, and very averse to me army. His majesty was well informed of all this, and thought to make good use hereof: besides, the army and parliament were at some odds, who should be masters. Upon the king's intention to escape, and with his consent, madam Whorewood whom you knew very well, worthy esquire) came to receive my judgment, viz. In what quarter of this nation he might be most safe, and not to be discovered until himself pleased. When she came to my door, I told her I would not let her come into my house, for I buried a maid-servant of the plague very lately: however, up we went. After erection of my figure, I told her about twenty miles (or thereabouts) from London, and in Essex, I was certain he might continue undiscovered. She liked my judgment very well; and, being herself of a sharp judgment, remembered a place in Essex about that distance, where was an excellent house, and all conveniences for his reception. Away she went, early next morning, unto Hampton-court, to acquaint his majesty; but see the misfortune: he, either guided by his own

approaching hard fate, or misguided by
Ashburnham, went away in the night-
time westward, and surrendered him-
self to Hammond, in the Isle of Wight.
Whilst his majesty was at Hampton-
court, alderman Adams sent his majesty
one thousand pounds in gold, five hun-
dred whereof he gave to madam Whore-
wood. I believe I had twenty pieces of
that very gold for my share." Lilly pro-
ceeds thus: "His majesty being in
Carisbrook-castle, in the Isle of Wight,
the Kentish men, in great numbers, rose
in arms, and joined with the lord Gor-
ing; a considerable number of the best
ships revolted from the parliament; the
citizens of London were forward to rise
gainst the parliament; his majesty laid
his design to escape out of prison, by
Sawing the iron bars of his chamber win-
dow; a small ship was provided, and
anchored not far from the castle to bring
him into Sussex; horses were provided
ready to carry him through Sussex into
Kent, that so he might be at the head of
the army in Kent, and from thence to
march immediately to London where
thousands then would have armed for
him. The lady Whorewood came to me,
acquaints me herewith. I got G. Farmer
(who was a most ingenious locksmith,
and dwelt in Bow-lane) to make a saw
to cut the iron bars in sunder, I mean to
saw them, and aqua fortis besides. His
majesty in a small time did his work;
the bars gave liberty for him to go out;
he was out with his body till he came to
his breast;
but then his heart failing, he
proceeded no farther: when this was
discovered, as soon after it was, he was
narrowly looked after, and no oppor-
tunity after that could be devised to en-
large him."

Lilly goes on to say, "He was be

headed January 30, 1649. After the execution, his body was carried to Windsor, and buried with Henry VIIIth, in the same vault where his body was lodged. Some, who saw him embowelled, affirm, had he not come unto this untimely end, he might have lived, according unto nature, even unto the height of old age. Many have curiously inquired who it was that cut off his head: I have no permission to speak of such things; only thus much I say, he that did it is as valiant and resolute a man as lives, and one of a competent fortune. For my part, I do believe he was not the worst, but the most unfortunate of kings."

Lilly elsewhere relates, "that the next Sunday but one after Charles I. was beheaded, Robert Spavin, secretary unto lieutenant-general Cromwell at that time, invited himself to dine with me, and brought Anthony Pierson, and several others, along with him to dinner. Their principal discourse all dinner-time was, who it was beheaded the king: one said it was the common hangman; another, Hugh Peters; others also were nominated, but none concluded. Robert Spavin, so soon as dinner was done, took me by the hand, and carried me to the south window; saith he, 'These are all mistaken, they have not named the man that did the fact; it was lieutenant-colonel Joice: I was in the room when he fitted himself for the work, stood behind him when he did it; when done, went in again with him. There is no man knows this but my master, viz. Cromwell, commissary Ireton, and myself.'-' Doth not Mr. Rushworth know it?' said I. 'No, he doth not know it,' saith Spavin. The same thing Spavin since hath often related unto me when we were alone."

MOVEABLE FEASTS.

list, the introduction of which on the next page puts the reader in possession of serviceable knowledge on this point, and affords an opportunity for affirming, that Mr. Nicolas's book contains a va

SHROVE TUESDAY regulates most of the moveable feasts. Shrove Tuesday itself is the next after the first new moon in the month of February. If such new moon should happen on a Tuesday, the next Tuesday following is Shrove Tuesday. A recently published volume furnishes a tion not elsewhere in a collected form:

riety of correct and valuable informa