to Mr. Brewer's "Introduction to the original Delineations, topographical, historical, and descriptive, intituled, The Beauties of England and Wales, Mr. Leman furnished much intelligence in regard. to British and Roman Antiquities *. Doubtless other authors have been equally indebted.

Of the Itinerary of Richard of Cirencester, he had a very high opinion; and the edition of that work, published in 1809, with a translation and extensive commentaries +, was chiefly prepared by

his paper on the Roman Roads and Stations not long before his death; and on the subject of Ancient Encampments, I have been kindly assisted by his friend and fellow-traveller the Rev. T. Leman."

"It is with sincere pleasure that the Editor acknowledges the assistance of the Rev. T. Leman, of Bath, since the name of this gentleman must necessarily bestow importance on those pages which underwent his revision. To Mr. Leman this Work is indebted for the drawings of the two Maps by which it is illustrated; the first exhibiting the different tribes of Britain, with their towns and trackways as they existed at the first invasion of Cæsar, and the second containing a display of Roman stations and roads.-It is here necessary to explain that the latter map is formed on one, from a drawing by the Rev. T. Leman, inserted in Mr. Hatcher's edition of Richard of Cirencester; to which are added, in the present publication, numerous discoveries made since the appearance of that work. — That part of the letter-press which relates to the geography of antient Britain, is chiefly formed on intelligence conveyed by Mr. Leman; and it is to be regretted that the limits of the Introduction prevented the Editor from availing himself more largely of the rich stores of information unreservedly laid open by so profound and judicious an antiquary. All that is of principal value in the remarks on the construction and characteristical features of Roman roads, likewise proceeded from information and corrections afforded by the same gentleman." Mr. Brewer's preface to "Beauties of England and Wales," p. xxviii.

"This valuable treatise was discovered by Charles Julius Bertram, a professor residing at Copenhagen; who transmitted it to Dr. Stukeley, our celebrated British antiquary, who re-published (an abstract of] it in his Itinerarium Curiosum. The original edition was published, together with other works, in a thin octavo volume, at Copenhagen, in 1757, and became so very scarce, as seldom to be met with. In the year 1808 my friend Archdeacon Coxe, assisted by our joint friend the Rev. Thomas Leman, supplied notes illustrating the History of Richard; the original text was translated into English; and the whole was published in the following year in one volume octavo." Hoare's

him. His own copy, with many notes, is left to the Bath Institution. He could scarcely hear with patience any hint of suspicion that Richard is not what he pretends to be*. The late Rev. J. J. ConyAncient Wiltshire, vol. II. part ii. p. 16.—It is intituled, "The Description of Britain, translated from Richard of Cirencester; with the original Treatise de Situ Britanniæ, and a Commentary on the Itinerary, illustrated with Maps." 8vo, pp. 320. The editor, Mr. Henry Hatcher, the friend and amanuensis of Mr. Archdeacon Coxe, acknowledges his obligations "to the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Cloyne, for his remarks on the Roman roads and stations; to the Rev. Thomas Leman for the valuable Commentary on the Itinerary [this occupies 66 pages of smaller type], the result of his long and successful investigation of British antiquities, and for many remarks and corrections, of which I have been happy to avail myself; to the Rev. William Coxe, Archdeacon of Wilts, for the original treatise, for various interesting communications, and for his kind advice and inspection during the progress of this work; to Sir Richard Colt Hoare, Bart. for some information relative to the Welsh Iters; and to William Owen Pughe, Esq. for his communications relative to the manners, customs, and language of the ancient Britons."

names

In 1814 Mr. G. Dyer, bookseller, of Exeter, published "A Commentary on Richard of Cirencester, and Antoninus's Itineraries of Britain; containing the usual explanations of itinerary their long-lost imports - sites of doubtful stations places of supposed lost ones-and proofs of imaginary ones. This Work also contains, the common expositions, and the genuine imports, of the principal names of the world; remarks on our history and description, depending on fiction; with Richard's Original Work," 8vo, pp. 230. In 1816 the same author re-published the same, with some further results of his Jucubrations, intituled, "Vulgar Errors, ancient and modern, attributed as imports to the proper names of the globe, clearly ascertained, with approximations to their rational descents. Investigating the origin and uses of letters-Moses's (hitherto misunderstood) account of Eden-Biblical long-lost names— unknown names of Heathen gods, of nations, provinces, towns, &c. With a Critical Disquisition on every Station of Richard of Cirencester and Antoninus in Britain, exhibiting our fables concerning it, and showing from names, distances, &c. its certain, doubtful, or imaginary situation. To which is added Richard's Original Work." These match in size with the

volume first-named.

"It has been the fashion, and even amongst distinguished authors, to accuse Richard of Cirencester of incorrectness; but his authenticity becomes more established every year, by the discovery of Stations recorded by him in his Itinerary, and omitted in that of Antonine." Hoare's Ancient Wiltshire, II. pt. ii. 29.

beare*, on the other hand, was confident that the work was a modern forgery, and meditated a paper on the subject for the Archæologia. He considered the Latinity of Richard as not that of the fourteenth or fifteenth century, but of the preface-writers of the eighteenth.

Mr. Leman had a good collection of historical and topographical works. He had several volumes of genealogy written by himself, which he left with some of his annotated books to the library of the Bath Institutiont.

* Of this talented gentleman some ample memoirs are preserved in the Gentleman's Magazine, XCIV. ii. 187, 376, 482. + In a paper "On the Connection of Bath with the Literature and Science of England; by the Rev. Joseph Hunter, F. A.S." read before the Literary and Philosophical Association of Bath in the spring of 1827, Mr. Leman was thus appropriately noticed: "Last only because he was the last who ceased to pour upon the world the lights of his antiquarian and historical knowledge, must be named that careful investigator of one very important branch of our national antiquities, the early roads and other earthworks, which are scattered in such abundance over the surface of this Island,—the Rev. Mr. LEMAN, a Founder and original Trustee of this Institution, who has marked his sense of its usefulness and permanence by making its library the depository of many volumes of Genealogical Collections in his own neat and beautiful hand, and many scattered but precious notices of various English antiquities. Few are the works of English topography that have appeared in his time that have not owed something to the assistance, ever so kindly rendered, of Mr. Leman."

The following are the books left by Mr. Leman to the Library of the Bath Institution:

Carey's County Maps, interleaved. An Epitome of the British and Roman Topography of each County, as far as Norfolk, in the alphabetical order, and of the County of Suffolk, is written on the inserted leaves, with other topographical remarks.

Carrington Bowles's Maps of the Counties, interleaved, full of manuscript notes, historical and topographical. This book appears to have been taken by Mr. Leman in his journeys.

Horsley's Britannia Romana, with many valuable notes and additions.

Stukeley's Itinerarium Curiosum, vol. I. with many notes. Reynolds's Iter Britanniarum, with a few notes.

The Description of Britain, translated from Richard of Ciren

There was an elegance running through every thing about Mr. Leman. His hand-writing was correct and beautiful, his mode of expressing himself, in conversation or in writing, appropriate and happy, without being either adorned or having the appearance of an intention to convey more than he felt. His house (one of the best in the Royal Crescent, Bath,) was furnished in excellent taste; his study retired and quiet, an irregular room, or rather two rooms thrown into one, the inner separated from the other by a slight paling in which was a sort of door. He had some good paintings, amongst them a full-length of Sir Robert Naunton *; and cester, 8vo, 1809. This is enriched with very numerous and important notes.

General Roy's Work on the Roman Antiquities of Britain.

Genealogical Collections from printed books, the visitations, previous collections, with some original pedigrees, 13 vols. folio; arranged in counties, viz. Yorkshire; Cambridgeshire; Norfolk and Suffolk, 2 vols.; Bucks; Berks, 2 vols.; Warwick; Gloucester; Somerset ; Devon and Cornwall, 3 vols.

Two volumes of Wiltshire Pedigrees, and a volume of Notes on Roman and British Roads and Stations, were left by Mr. Leman to Sir Richard Colt Hoare, Bart, who had long been his intimate friend, and are now in the library at Stourhead.

* Mr. Leman was descended from the family of Naunton; but not from Sir Robert, whose issue became extinct in the second generation. It has been suggested that a memoir of Sir Robert Naunton was published, or privately printed, by Mr. Leman. There was a thin volume published in 1814, intituled, "Memoirs of Sir Robert Naunton, Knt. author of the Fragmenta Regalia; with some of his posthumous Works from Manuscripts in his own hand, never before printed;" but it is presumed Mr. Leman was not concerned in its compilation. Perhaps the following note to Mr. Nichols may tend to explain the circumstance:

"St. Martin's-lane, Oct. 17, 1814.

"J. Caulfield and G. Smeeton respectfully beg Mr. Nichols's acceptance of the present copy of Sir Robert Naunton's Memoirs ; the bulk of which, Mr. N. will perceive, is taken from his own indefatigable work, the History of Leicestershire. The Publishers were led to expect more manuscript materials; but, in consequence of the gentleman who promised them being for a long time indisposed, they are under the necessity of putting forth the volume in its prèsent state."

his drawing-room was painted en fresco with the scenery around Lake Leman. In his latter years he was quite celebrated for his agreeable and splendid parties, and he received all strangers of eminence. His house was open one evening in the week to all who were introduced to him, and in the other evenings to some. He usually rode out in a morning on horseback.

Mr. Leman was twice married,-first, at Bath, Jan. 4, 1796, to Frances, daughter and heiress of William Nind, Esq. Barrister-at-law, of Beaufortbuildings, Strand, and widow of Colonel Alexander Champion, of Bath. This lady died Jan. 15, 1818; and was buried in the burying-ground of Walcot,the parish at Bath in which Mr. Leman resided. His second lady, to whom he was married about January 1819, was Frances, daughter of the Right Hon. Sir Robert Deane, Bart. and aunt to the present Lord Muskerry, widow when married to Mr. Leman of Colonel John Hodges, only son of Sir James Hodges. This lady survives him. Mr. Leman had no children by either marriage. He had three sisters; Philippa, married to John Ewen, Lucy to Richard Purvis, Capt. R. N. and Lætitia to the Rev. Thomas Purvis, cousin-german of Richard.

Mr. Leman was buried in Walcot burying-ground, where his first wife lies interred; but a cenotaph to his memory has been erected in the chancel of Wenhaston Church, Suffolk. He left very explicit directions respecting it, and especially its heraldric ornaments. It is in good taste,-an altar-tomb of the old fashion, six feet long by three wide, with shields within quatrefoils on the sides and ends. An inscription on the upper surface was written by Bishop Bennet:

Sacred to the memory

of the Rev. THOMAS LEMAN, of Wenhaston-hall

in this parish,

who died on the 17th day of March 1926;