ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE IN NEW YORK. 83

world, being in league with criminals, challenged with the proof of the fact, convicted of the crime and yet defying public opinion.-Mail and Express.

The New York police are like balls upon a pool table: they are knocked and whacked against one another, followed and drawn, whirled and twisted, pocketed, jumped and spotted, rolled and racked and counted, first one way and then another, framed and "busted” and broke at the will and caprice of those who are pleased to play the game for glory or gain, for place or power, for policy or for purity upon this the greatest civic stage the world has ever known.-Lieutenant Enright.

The great majority of the people know no judge except these police justices, and, because of the ignorance and want of familiarity with our institutions displayed by the litigants in these courts, it becomes very easy for an unscrupulous justice to become oppressive, and even corrupt.-Eaton.

Justice in Theory and in Practice.*

There are some legal maxims familiar to all, such as some of the following: "Every man is presumed to be innocent till his guilt is proven beyond a reasonable doubt;" "It is better that ninety-nine guilty ones be let free than one innocent man should suffer;" "No excessive bail shall be required;" "No man shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law;" "The right of trial by jury shall be preserved;" "The accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation, to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense," etc. All these sound very noble and humane, but are wholly disregarded in actual practice. Almost all school children read these maxims in their history, and how their hearts throbbed when mastering them, and how grateful they were to the heroes and martyrs who shed their blood to achieve and establish such sound principles! But, alas! how disappointed they are when they get older and are confronted with justice as it is actually administered! Woe to the man that is caught in the clutches of the law. All his admiration for justice quickly

This was written in 1903. Some of the remedies suggested in this article were adopted since then.