ful attendants, and a detested tyrant, surrounded by assassins. Accordingly the one was restored and the other suffocated *."

In his second matrimonial connexion, which took place in 1552, this nobleman was peculiarly fortunate, having in the person of Anne, daughter of William Lord Dacre, fixed upon a lady whose retired and domestic habits were perfectly congenial with his own. She had in fact never visited, nor perhaps wished to visit, London in her life, nor was her lord, during the eighteen years they lived together, himself more than thrice at court; twice on the accession of the queens, Mary and Elizabeth, and once on the marriage of his daughter by his first wife to the earl of Derby.

.

It appears, indeed, from the representation of the countess of Pembroke, that he was, like his grandfather, especially during the latter part of his life, deeply absorbed in the study and practice of chemistry, and that he was fond also of applying this knowledge to the extraction and composition of medicines. She adds that "he had an excellent library both of written hand books and printed books, to which he was exceedingly addicted †."

Whitaker's Craven, p. 264.

† Censura Literaria, vol. vi. p. 406. from Harl. MSS. 6177.

The earl, however, was destined to witness, in the closing year of his life, the tumults of rebellion, though fortunately but of transient duration; for in the great northern insurrection headed by the potent earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland, and which broke out in the 12th year of Elizabeth, 1569, he was called upon to assist lord Scroop in fortifying Carlisle against the insurgents.

It was from his share in this insurrection that Richard Norton, esq. of Rilston in Craven *, a vassal of the lords of Skipton, but who had long set their authority at defiance, suffered, together with his eight sons, the extreme penalty of the law for treason; an event which is thus recorded in an old ballad preserved in Percy's Reliques, and entitled "The Rising in the North."

Thee, Norton, wi' thine eight good sonnes,

They doom'd to dye, alas! for ruth!

Thy reverend lockes thee could not save,

Nor them their faire and blooming youthe.

The Nortons had for more than forty years con

* It appears from the Townley MS. G. 16, that seventyfive ringleaders in this rebellion were indicted, and amongst them six of the Nortons are enumerated-Hist. of Craven, P. 447.

tested the right of the Cliffords, though their superior lords, to hunt within the township of Rilston, under the plea that it was not included within the forest of Skipton; and being lords of Rilston and their lands, consisting of more than one thousand acres, and situated in the very centre of the barony of Skipton, they had it in their power greatly to annoy the first and second earl of Cumberland, by disputing their boundaries, and impounding their deer. The Nortons also were rigid catholics, whilst the Cliffords were friendly to the Reformation, and to the government as then established; a difference which tended strongly to widen the breach between them.

To such a length, indeed, had the animosity of Richard Norton arisen, that he built on his lordship of Rilston near Crookrise, on a point of ground commanding a most extensive prospect, and overlooking an immense pound for deer in the glen beneath, a strong square watch-tower, three stories high, with walls four feet thick, and protected by two deep ravines, the ruins of which, exhibiting breaches on every side which had been forcibly made by the opposite party, still remain to attest

VOL. II.

H

the vexatious warfare which formerly subsisted between the two families.

A few years after the ruin of the Nortons, and the attainder of their property, which ultimately fell into the hands of the Cliffords, a circumstance is said to have occurred which throws an air of wild and tender romance over the fate of the lords of Rilston.

At this time a white doe, say the aged people of the neighbourhood, long continued to make a weekly pilgrimage from Rilston over the fells to Bolton, and was constantly found in the Abbey church-yard during divine service; after the close of which she returned home as regularly as the rest of the congregation.

"This incident," observes Dr. Whitaker, "awakens the fancy. Shall we say that the soul of one of the Nortons had taken up its abode in that animal, and was condemned to do penance for his transgressions against the lord's dere' among their ashes? But for such a spirit the wild stag would have been a fitter vehicle. Was it not then some fair and injured female, whose name and history are forgotten? Had the milk-white doe performed

her mysterious pilgrimage from Etterick forest to the precincts of Dryburgh or Melrose, the elegant and ingenious editor of the Border Minstrelsy would have wrought it into a beautiful story *."

It is scarcely necessary to add, that this has been since done, and beautifully done, with all that pathos, simplicity, and enthusiastic fervour of description, for which his poetry has been so justly distinguished, by William Wordsworth, in his legend entitled The White Doe of Rylstone.

Henry, second earl of Cumberland, did not long survive the fall of the Nortons. He had been ill, there is reason to suppose, nearly a twelvemonth. previous to his death; for the preamble to his last will, dated May 8th, 1569, runs thus: "Henry earl of Cumberland, then not healthful of bodye, gives his soul to Almighty God and our ladie St. Marie and all the heavenlie companye, and his body to be buried on the north side of the church of Skipton, in one place ther prepared for the same;" and on the 8th of the following January he expired at Brougham castle.

On the opening of the vault of the Cliffords at

* Whitaker's Craven, pp. 449, 450.