Alfarabius Alfergan Alfieri Alhazen Allan Ames Amman Anderson Andrews Anquetil Du Perron D'Anville D'Arcon D'Arcy Arnaud Atwood Bacon (John) Bourgoing Burger Baldinger Carlyle Bandello Casiri The Articles and Treatises in this List have been contributed by the following, among other well known Writers; viz. Reverend ARCHIBALD ALISON, LL.B. F. R. $. L. & E. JEAN BAPTISTE BIOT, Member of the Royal Institute of France, and Professor of Natural Philosophy in the College of France. WILLIAM THOMAS BRANDE Esq., Secretary to the Royal Society of London, and Professor of Chemistry in the Royal Institution. EDWARD FRENCH BROMHEAD Esq., F. R. S. W. A. CADELL Esq., F. R. S. L. & E. ANDREW DUNCAN junior, M. D. F. R. S. E. Professor of Medical Jurisprudence in the University of Edinburgh. DANIEL ELLIS Esq., F. R. S. E. Rev. JOHN FLEMING, D. D. F. R. S. E. JAMES GLASFORD Esq., Advocate. WILLIAM HAZLITT Esq. London. ALEXANDER IRVING Esq., F. R. S. E. Advocate, Professor of Civil Law in the University of Edinburgh. JAMES IVORY Esq., F. R. S. Member of the Royal Society of Göttingen. FRANCIS JEFFREY Esq. WILLIAM JACOB Esq., F. R. S. ROBERT JAMESON, F. R. S. E. Professor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh. JOHN LESLIE, F. R. S. E. Professor of Mathematics in the University of Edinburgh. W. E. LEACH, M. D. F. R. S. Zoologist to the British Museum. WILLIAM LAWRENCE Esq., F. R. S. Surgeon, London. ROBERT MUSCHET Esq., Royal Mint, London. JAMES MILL Esq., London. JOSHUA MILNE Esq., Actuary to the Sun Life Assurance Company, London. J. R. M'CULLOCH Esq. HUGH MURRAY Esq., F. R. S. E. JOHN PLAYFAIR, F. R. S. L. & E. Professor of Natural Philo sophy in the University of Edinburgh. P. M. ROGET, M. D. F. R. S. WALTER SCOTT Esq. SIR JAMES EDWARD SMITH, F. R. S. President of the Linnæan Society. THOMAS THOMSON, M.D. F. R. S. L. & E. Professor of Chemistry in the University of Glasgow. To each volume there is prefixed a List of the Names of those Gentlemen who have contributed to that volume, with referen ees to their respective contributions. This Day is Published, handsomely Printed in Octavo, (double columns), and containing Twenty-five Sheets Letter-press, VOLUME FIRST AND SECOND-CONSISTING OF FOUR PARTS, PRICE NINE SHILLINGS EACH PART, OF THE EDINBURGH OR GAZETTEER, GEOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY; COMPRISING A COMPLETE BODY OF GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL, POLITICAL, STATISTICAL, AND COMMERCIAL. ACCOMPANIED BY AN ATLAS, CONSTRUCTED BY A. ARROWSMITH. EDINBURGH: PRINTED FOR ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE AND CO. EDINBURGH, AND LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME & BROWN, LONDON. CONDITIONS. 1. The Work will extend to Six Volumes Octavo, elegantly print ed. Each volume to consist of fifty sheets, or eight hundred pages letter-press. II. The price of each Volume will be Eighteen Shillings in boards, and, in order to suit every class of purchasers, the Work will come out periodically, in Parts, or Half-Volumes, price Nine Shillings each. III. A Part, or Half-Volume, will appear every three months till completed. IV. The Atlas, consisting of fifty-three Maps, engraved in the first style of the art, may be had along with the Gazetteer, price L.1. 16s. neatly half-bound; coloured copies L.2. 12s. 6d. Part I. of Vol. III. will shortly appear. It is intended that this Work shall comprehend a complete body of Geography, in all its branches, under the form generally ac knowledged to be the most convenient for a science composed of such diversified materials, that of a GEOGRAPHICAL DICTION ARY, OF GAZETTEER. The Work will be dedicated (by permission) to the Right Honourable Şir JOSEPI BANKS, President of the Royal Society, and will be executed by six different Authors of literary eminence, each taking a separate department: That which treats of the Geography of Foreign Europe will be compiled by a Gentleman residing on the Continent, where he has the best opportunities of accurate and complete information. By this arrangement it may be expected, that the Work will be so constructed as to answer every purpose of information and reference to the Scientific, the Political, and especially to the Commercial World. The subject, at all times universally interesting, is at the present time peculiarly important, as the channels of Commerce are again open to British enterprise throughout the world, and new divisions of territory have changed entirely the Political Geography of Europe. The advantages afforded to the Public by such an undertaking must be obvious to every one; particularly to those who are acquainted with the defects of most geographical works hitherto published, in which, commonly, a single individual has, with imperfect means, aimed at performing what, it is apprehended, can only be satisfactorily executed by the combined labours of an association of scientific and literary men. The physical structure and the grand natural features of our globe, with the various dependent phenomena, will be illustrated with a copiousness and precision as yet unattempted; the posi tion and elevation of every important spot on its surface will be fixed with accuracy; the extent, productions, manners, customs, commerce, and in short every thing interesting, relative to the various countries into which it is divided, will be amply detailed, from an investigation of all the most original and authentic sources of information in the different languages of Europe. Every City, Town, and even Village of any consequence, will be described; and, under this head, the Editors hope to introduce a great variety of important matter, which has not yet appeared in any similar publication, and has never before been united in one work. Indeed, throughout every department, the greatest pains will be taken to render this publication of the utmost utility, and worthy of general patronage. In the conclusion there will be given a general view of Astronomical Geography, and the construction and use of Maps; also, Tables of Coins, Weights and Measures of different Countries; the Geographical Position of Places, the Temperatures of Chmates, the Heights of Mountains, and whatever else can render the Work a complete body of Geographical Science. To render the GAZETTEER complete, it will be accompanied by an elegant Atlas, consisting of Fifty-three Maps, Royal Quarto, engraved in the best style, from a series of Drawings made on purpose, by Mr Arrowsmith. 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