CHAPTER VI.

1628.

Parliament opened.-Haughty speech of the king.-Grievances opened by Seymour, Philips and others.-Vain efforts of secretary Cook to carry the king's measures.— Petition of right put in preparation.-Judges called in question for denial of habeas corpus.-Petition against recusants assented to.-Supplies deferred, grievances proceeded with.-Offensive interposition of Buckingham.Conference between the two houses on liberty of persons. -Billeting of soldiers and martial law debated.-Attempts. of the king to baffle the petition of right.-Amendment of the peers rejected.-The bill passes both houses.~~ Complaint of the commons against Manwaring.-King's evasive answer to the petition of right.-Remarks.--Indignation of the commons.-Dissolution threatened.— Pathetic scene in the house of commons.-King passes the bill.-Commons vote the subsidies.-Complaints against Buckingham. Dr. Lamb beaten to death.-Remonstrance prepared by the commons.-Parliament prorogued in

anger.

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CHAPTER VII.

1628. 1629.

Expedition prepared for the relief of La Rochelle.-The duke of Buckingham assassinated by Felton.-Particulars. -Treatment of Felton.-The judges declare against putting him to the rack. His death.--Character of Buckingham.-Behaviour of the king respecting him.-His funeral. His expenses compared with those of Dudley earl of Leicester.-Failure of the expedition and fall of La Rochelle.-Williams restored to favor by Buckingham but again expelled by Laud.-Wentworth gained over and made a peer.-Laud bishop of London.-Preferment of Montague and Manwaring.-Abbot conciliated.--King

resolves to take a high tone with parliament.-Its opening.-Fraud of the king respecting the petition of right.Case of Mr. Rolls.-Disagreement of king and commons on tonnage and poundage.-Vow of the commons to resist ecclesiastical oppressions and encroachments.-Complaints of the merchants.-King defends the acts of the officers of customs.-Report of religion.-Oliver Cromwell.-Licensing of books.-Eliot attacks ministers and bishops. The house commanded to adjourn.--Speaker held in the chair and a remonstrance voted.-Members committed.-Parliament dissolved.-Proceedings against the imprisoned members, and conduct of judges.-Court revenge upon the merchants. Various encroachments of arbitrary courts.-Conduct of imprisoned members.— Account and letters of sir J. Eliot.

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221

CHAPTER VIII.

1629. 1630.

Principal members of administration.-Lord treasurer.Lord keeper.-Earl of Manchester.-Marquis of Hamilton.-Laud.-Wentworth.-Peace with France.-Treaty with Spain.-Rubens in England.--Banqueting-house.—— Birth of a prince of Wales.-Interference of the French court. Feelings of the puritans.-Death of the earl of Pembroke.-Laud chancellor of Oxford.-Marquis of Hamilton raises troops to join Gustavus-Adolphus.Conduct of his agents.-His ill success and return.

CHAPTER IX.

1630-1632.

Court intrigues.-Growing influence of the queen.-She founds a capuchin church,-Acts in a pastoral.-Prynn's Histriomastix.-Leighton sentenced for libel.--Instructions to the bishops.-Domestic worship impeded.-Laud's consecration of churches.-Society for buying impropria

274

tions condemned.-Re-edification of St. Paul's commenced. -Illegal and oppressive modes of raising money for this purpose. Results of the undertaking.-Laud speaks in public against a married clergy,-Seems to retract,-Celebrates marriage with new rites,-Obtains offices for Windebank and Juxon,-Seizes upon church-patronage, -Disposes of bishoprics at his pleasure,-Lays a fine upon printers of the bible,-Causes Sherfield to be punished for destroying an idolatrous picture.-Remarks.Notice of sir Robert Cotton.-Proposed visit of Mary de' Medici. Queen of Bohemia declines visiting England.

CHAPTER X.

1633. 1634.

King's progress to Scotland to be crowned,-is entertained by the earl of Newcastle,-Account of him,-Splendor of the progress,-Expense to Scotch nobility,-State of Scotch church, and king's measures and designs respecting it.-Coronation.-Conduct of Charles towards Scotch parliament, He becomes unpopular, and why.--Edinburgh made a bishop's see.-Laud a privy-councillor for Scotland. English liturgy appointed to be used in Holyrood chapel.-King's return to England.-Death of archbishop Abbot.-Laud succeeds him,-is offered to be a cardinal.-Reflections.-State assumed by Laud, who receives the title of Holiness from the university of Oxford. -Conduct of Wentworth as president of the North.Cases of Bellasis and sir D. Foulis.-Wentworth appointed lord-deputy of Ireland.-Troubled state of that country. Measures against the puritans.-Communion tables turned into altars.-Book of sports.-Plays performed at court.-Inns of Court masque.-Notice and death of Noy.-Death and character of sir Edward Coke. -Seizure of his papers.

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CHAPTER XI.

1634. 1635.

Page.

Expenses of government supplied by illegal and oppressive means. Imposition of ship-money.-Designs of the king in equipping a fleet discussed.—Increasing influence of Laud, his patronage of the clergy.-Instances of their growing power and pretensions.-Death of lord-treasurer Portland, his corruption sanctioned by the king.—Laud chief commissioner of the treasury.-Juxon made lordtreasurer.-Motives of Laud in this appointment.-Character of Juxon.-French and Dutch refugee churches persecuted by Laud for not using the English liturgy.— Usurpations of Laud over the church of Ireland favored by Wentworth.-Vigorous measures of Wentworth for recovery of church property there.-Irish church articles drawn by archbishop Usher and approved by king James abrogated at the instigation of Laud, and English articles. substituted.--Laud gains the queen's favor by obtaining admission for a papal envoy.-Arrival of Panzani.— Scheme for uniting the Romish and Anglican churches,its failure and the results.-Hostility of Land to the foreign protestant churches.-Arrival of the prince Palatine. 365

CHAPTER XII.

1634. 1635.

Anecdotes and various notices from the Strafford Letters.Proclamation for regulating prices of provisions,-for the restraining of building in London.-Fines on new buildings.-Extortion practised on vintners.-Sea-coal exported.-Hackney coaches.-Sedan chairs.-Death of Carew; his character and writings.-Installation of the Garter, and rivalry between Scotch and English.-Trait of the earl of Arundel.-Star-chamber fine on lord Morley. Love story.-Account of sir Kenelm Digby,-letter of Laud to him.-Percy family,-earl of Northumberland,

lady Carlisle and Henry Percy.-Enmity of Laud against bishop Williams, who is prosecuted and heavily sentenced in the star-chamber.-Sentence against Osbaldeston, who escapes. Proceedings against lady Purbeck and sir R. Howard. Irish affairs.- Grants to English courtiers,letter of king to Wentworth respecting them.-Convocation of Irish parliament advised by Wentworth.-Feelings of king regarding it;-successful management of it by Wentworth, his petition for honors,-king's reply.— Irish parliament dissolved.

CHAPTER XIII.

1635. 1636.

Forest laws revived and penalties exacted.-Resumption of crown grants in Ireland.-Several counties of Connaught surrender to the king.-Resistance to his claims in Galway, and violent measures of Wentworth in consequence. -Oppression of earl Clanrickard, his death.--Reflec tions.-Laud's advice to Wentworth. Case of lord Mountnorris.-King takes a bribe from Wentworth.→→ Wentworth received at court and heard in council with great favor, but refused an earldom.-King extorts a great fine from the city of London for their Irish lands, then seizes them.-Expedition against Sallee.-King takes the judges' opinion on ship-money.-Proceedings against such as resist this tax.-Account of Hampden.Decision of his case postponed.-Sketch of the progress of emigration and of settlement in New England.--Account of sir H. Vane, junior.-Laud's claim of the visitation of both universities awarded him by the king,-he compiles statutes for Oxford,-entertains the king and queen there,-founds Arabic professorship.

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