§ 417. Sourdre (weak verb) (surgère).

Sourdre is a doublet of surgir. Surgir dates from the sixteenth century: sourdre is the Old French form. It is rare even in the following parts:

Des eaux chaudes qui sourdent (jaillissent) aux rives de la

mer.

(MALHERBE.)

Là sourdait une eau qui avait la propriété de rajeunir.

De cette grâce sourdit une dispute.

(LA FONTAINE.)

(ST. SIMON.)

(V. HUGO.)

Nous entendrons ces millions de morts sourdre confusément dans leurs sépulcres. Sors, the old Past Participle, has left a feminine form employed as a noun: source.

§ 418. Soudre (strong verb) (solvere).

1. Soudre (English, solve) was in common use till the sixteenth century. Its conjugation was like that of the compound which has displaced it in Modern French, viz., résoudre.

Ledict Panurge solut tres bien le probleme. (RABELAIS.) Now it is employed in Infinitive only, and even there rarely. 2. In Old French, soudre, absoudre, dissoudre, résoudre, had each two Past Participles, one in -sols or -sous, the other in -solu. Absoudre and dissoudre have adopted the form in sous. Résoudre has both résous and résolu. But the meaning is different. Résous is confined to the meaning of 'changed into. Le brouillard s'est résous en pluie.

Dissolu, absolu, are employed as adjectives: un homme dissolu, un pouvoir absolu.

Strangely enough, the French forms which least resemble the Latin, alone restore in the feminine the t of the Latin:

$419. Frire (weak verb).

Frire, -, je fris, -, frit.

The tenses are formed regularly from the existing principal

parts.

§ 419A. Issir (weak verb) (exire).

This verb was in use till the sixteenth century.

Et issirent . . . tous ceux de Londres.

(FROISSART, 15th cent.)

Non que j'eusse opinion qu'il pust issir de moy, chose qui meritat d'etre mise devant vos yeux.

The Past Participle issu alone remains.

(AMYOT, 16th cent.)

$420. Tistre and tisser (weak verbs).

Tistre is the regular form obtained from texère. It has only left tissu.

Moi seule, j'ai tissu le lien malheureux.

(RACINE.)

(LAMARTINE.)

Tes jours furent tissus de gloire et d'infortune.

Tisser has taken its place.

T