Les arbres sont en fleurs au mois de The trees are in bloom in the month of May. months of June and July. On commence à couper les blés au They begin to cut down the wheat mois d'Août.* in the month of August. La moisson est presque finie au mois The harvest is almost over in the de Septembre month of September. Les jours sont fort raccourcis au mois The days are much shortened in the d'octubre. month of October. Le feu commence à être de saison au Fire begins to be comfortable in the mois de Novembre. month of November. Il fait bientôt nuit à la fin de Décem. It soon grows dark at the end of Debre. cember. Le Printemps est agréable; l'Eté est The Spring is pleasant; the Summer ordinairement chaud ; l'Automne is generally hot ; the Autumn is est tempéré, et l'Hiver est froid. mild, and the Winter is cold. V. POUR MANGER ET POUR BOIRE. For Eating and Drinking. J'ai faim; j'ai grand'faim, I am hungry; I am very hungry. butter ? you have roast or boiled meat ? Voici du mouton, du boeuf, du veau, Here is some mutton, beef, veal and et du lard, bacon. Nous avons aussi du jambon, qui est We have also a ham which is very excellent, nice. Do any ? une fourchette, Some cheese and fruit. Helf yourself, sir. I have eaten enough. I am dry; I am very dry. Give me some drink. Your small beer is not good. I think it is, too bitter. . I sufficient. Otez tout ceci, Take away all these things. VI. Concerning the School and the Schoolars. Vhere is your book ? Voilà votre grammaire, There is your grammar. Asseyez-vous à votre place, Sit down in your place. Lisez votre leçon, Read your lesson. Vous lisez trop vite, You read too fast. Lisez plus doucement, Read slower, Etudiez votre leçon, Study your lesson. Apprenez-la tout bas, Get it to yourself. Vous ne faites que badiner, You do nothing but play. Je vous marquerai, I will set you dowii. Faites-moi un peu de place, Make me a little room. Vous avez assez de place, You have room enough. Reculez-vous un peu, Sit a little farther, Un peu plus haut, A little higher. Un peu plus bas, A little lower. Donnez moi mon livre, Give me my book. Où commençons-nous? Where do we begin? Jusqu'où disons-nous ? How far do we say? Jusqu'ici, et pas plus loin, So far and no farther. A qui est ce livra? Whose book is this? Je ne sais pas à qui il est, I don't know whom it belongs to. Quelle est votre tâche? Where is your task? Savez-vous votre leçon? Can you say your lesson? Pas encore ; elle est longue et diff. Not yet; it is very long and hard. cile. Soufflez-moi. Prompt me. Vous êtes un bredouilleur. You are a stammerer. Prononcez plus distinctement, Pronounce more distinotly. Avez-vous une plume, de l'encre et Have you got a pen, some ink and du papier? paper? Ecrivez votre devoir, Write your exercise. . Vous l'avez mal écrit, You have done it badly. Il est plein de fautes, It is full of faults. Allez le réorire, Go and write it over again. And make haste. I have not wrote it yet. You shall be punished. A quelle heure vous êtes-vous levo At what o'clock did you get up this ce matin? morning? A buit heures, At eight o'clock Ponrquoi ne vous êtes-vous pas levé Why did you not get up sooner? plus tôt ? Persoane ne m'a éveillé m. Nobody called me up. Vous êtes un paresseux, You are a sluggard. Demeurez à votre place, Keep in your place. Otez-vous de ma place, Get out of my place. Pourquoi me poussez-vous somme Wby do you push me or thrust me cela ? so? Qui est-ce qui vous pousse? Who pushes you? Je me plaindrai de vous, I'll complain of you. Faites-le, si vous voulez, Do it, if you will. Je ne m'en soucie point, I don't care for that. Vous êtes un rapporteur, You are a tell-tale. Taisez-vous, Hold your tongue. Tenez-vous tranquille, Be quiet, or be still. Il a craché sur mes habits, He has spit upon my clothes. Il m'a donné un soufflet, He gave me a box on the ear. Il m'a égratigné le visage, He scratched my face. Il a déchiré mon livre, He has torn my book. C'est un espiègle, He is a mischievous boy. Vous êtes un vaurien, You are a wicked boy. Monsieur, il m'empêche d'apprendre Sir, he hinders me from getting my ma leçon, lesson. Maître ? I will make you repent of it. Mind your own business. FIN. THERE are ten parts of speech, or sorts-of words ; six of which, namely, ; the article, the substantive or noun substantive, the adjective or noun adjective, the pronoun, the verb and the participle, are variable, that is, are liable to vary in their termination ; and the remaining four, namely, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction and the interjection, are invariable, that is, never change. The substantive serves to name a person or thing, as HENRI, Henry; BATON, stick. The adjective is a word added to a substantive to express some quality or property of a person or a thing; as "AIMABLE enfant,” amiable child; rose BLANCHE,” white rose. The peculiar adjective-words un, unt, å or an; and LE, LA, LES, the, are called "articles." The verb is a word by which we cxpress that persons or things do any thing, or are any thing, or have any thing done to them; as "Charles LIT, Charles reads. "Le bouf est utile”—The ox is useful. « Un bon élève EST RÉCOMPENSÉ par son maître”-A good pupil is rewarded by his master. The pronoun is a word that stands for a noun, to avoid repetition; as, "L'enfant est fatigué, il dort”-The child is tired, he is asleep. The participle is so called because it participates of both the adjective and the verb; as, "un chien DORMANT”-a sleeping dog; "un bâton ROMPU" a broken stick. The adverb is a word added to a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, to express some circumstance, modifying such verb, adjective, or adverb; as, "servir FIDÈLEMENT”—to serve faithfully; "TRÈS-grand,” very great; "FORT bien,” very well. Toe preposirion cerves to denote a relation between two words; as, "Je viens DE Paris'-I cone from Paris, The conjunction is used to connect words or sentences together; as, “Dieu et mon droit"-God and and my right. “Soyons heureux, MAIS soyons sages”—Let us be happy, but let us be wise. The interjection expresses a sudden emotion; as, ha ! HÉLAS ! ARTICLE. There are in French three articles, the definite, the indefinite, and the partitive. They agree in gender and number with the noun to which they relate. DEFINITE ARTICLE The definite article is LE, LA, LES, the. 3. LE is masculine singular; as, “ le père," the father. 4. La is féminine singular; as, “ la mère,” the mother. . 5. L' (apostrophe, see page 1) is singular of either gender; as, “l'enfant” the child. 6. Les is plural of either gender; as, “ les enfants," the children. When LE or LES is preceded by DE, of or from, or by d, to or at, D: LE is contracted into DU, DE LES into des, à le into au, and à les into AUX; therefore : . DU is used instead of de le. 8. DES is used instead of de les. 9. AU is used instead of à le. 10. Aux is used instead of à les INDEFINITE ARTICLE. The indefinite article is un, UNE, a or an. 11. un is masculine singular; as, "un frère," a brother. 12. UNE is feminine singular; as, “une soeur," a sister. PARTITIVE ARTICLE. some W& 13. The partitive article is DU, DE LA, DE L'or Des, some or any. 14. Some or any is often understood in English, but in French the article DU, DE LA, DE L'or Des, is always used before a noun taken in a partitive sense, as : Il a apporté du papier, de l'encre et He has brought paper, ink des plumes. Avez-vous de la cire ? - Non, mais Have you any wax ?-N wut I have j'ai des pains à cacheter. 15. When a noun is preceded by an adjective, and is taken vaguely in a partitive sense, DE is used without the article, as : Cet homme a de grands talents. That man has great talents. But the article is used whenever the substantive is taken in a particular sense, or is considered as forming, with the adjective, a compound word, as : Voilà de la bonne viande. There is some good meat, Voici des petits pains tout chauds. Here are some rolls quite hot. |
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