'Tis more than sad when reptiles rise
To spoil the tenants of the skies,
When senseless bats from mold and slime
To holiest summits dare to climb;
Yet, sinking in the trial vain,
Deride the heights they cannot gain.

So, as of old, the glow-worm's light
Detied the day-god in his might;
So, as when drunk with wrathful glee,
The fatuous Persian lashed the sea,
While scattered o'er the treacherous tide
He saw his broken galleons ride,
And saw with shame, the heedless main
Roll backward to its place again.

How Jeers the crowd when greatness falls;
Speeds the coarse herd to power's calls;
With what low greed the vile will cling
Upon the plumes of fortune's wing;
Release Barabbas to go free,
And slay the man of Galilee.

O, Peace! unroll thy banners white
Through the dim storm clouds of our night;
Teach cruelty thy notes of love,
And bind the vulture with the dove!

O, Truth assert thy proud design,
Make bestial man once more divine;
Wide o'er the prophet's vale of death
Wake life and beauty by thy breath,
And to the uprisen race rehearse
The triumph of a universe.

For upward yet that eagle soars.
Where lightning flames and tempest roars;
And upward still the cravens gaze,
While, lessening to the golden haze,
The conquering wing and dauntless eye
Seek broader realms and purer sky.

THE SECRET OF SOAP AND WATER. Hitherto no satisfactory reason has been given why for cleansing purposes the comparatively neutral soap should be better than the alkaline carbonate. In a note on the pedetic action of soap, Professor W. Stanley Jevons offers a plausible solution of the mystery. He finds by experiment that pedesis, or the so-called Brownian movement of microscopic particles, is considerably increased by the addition of soap to water, and to this action he attributes the detergent effect of soap. Pure rain or distilled water has a high cleansing power, because it produces pedesis in a high degree, the minute particles of dirt being thereby loosened and washed away. The hardness of impure water arises from the vast decrease of pedesis due to the salts in solution: hence the inferior cleansing power of such water. If alkaline salts be added, dissolved in the water, it becomes capable of acting upon oleaginous matter, but the pedetic action is lessened, not increased. But if soap be added, we have the advantage both of the alkali's dissolving power and the pedetic cleansing power. For the same reason silicate of soda is a powerful cleanser, it being one of the few substances which increase the pedetic and suspensive power of water.

[From the Birmingham Post.] WATERLOO BRIDGE, LONDON. The last coin given into the toll-keeper's hands by the last passenger who had paid toll on Waterloo Bridge is a shilling, bearing the effigy of George IV, taken from a lad of about 16. The coin, of course, is kept as a trophy by the turnstile man, and placed amongst other curious "takings" which have fallen to his lot during the last few years. Some of the articles left as pledges are strange enough. "Only for a minute or two, I am coming back directly," has been the exclamation generally uttered by the defaulter as, flinging down his deposit and rushing wildly through the turnstile, he was out of reach before the sleepy toll-keeper had time even to look at the halfpennyworth he had laid upon the iron plate. The pledges left at Waterloo Bridge, and preserved in the lodge cupboard, consist mostly of personal ornaments left by the poor cast-away or the gay apprentice hurrying to the theatre with a free admission-sixpenny watch-guards, mock gold breast-pins, a flower or feather torn from a showy bonnet, a paltry brooch, a poor finger-ring with a sham jewel, gloves without number of all sizes and colors. One of the latter articles was the relic possessed by the late toll-keeper, to which was attached a legend he kept for his own particular friends. One night, just a little before twelve o'clock, he was aroused from his nap at his fireside by the hurried step of a woman, whose excitement was so great that she stumbled against the iron rail and fell to the ground. In a moment she was on her feet again; and the toll keeper had thus an opportunity of noticing her appearance. To use his own expression, she was a "lovely crittur," quite young, and attired in evening dress. In spite of the rain and wind she was unprotected by shawl or cloak of any kind. Her head was bare, and from among the long ringlets of her golden hair were hanging bunches of ribbons, all soaked and muddy from the fall. She was pushing by with frantic haste, and the man tried to stop her. me go! let me go! she shrieked, as he drew her back. "But pay me first," he exclaimed angrily, as he grasped her firmly to prevent her advancing. The demand seemed to recall the poor creature to her senses. She stared wildly in his face for a moment, and then bursting into tears, she cried, But I have no money: do let me go. There is your money's worth." As she said the words she tore off the white gloves she wore and flung them down before him. He could not bear to see the poor creature's eagerness, and suffered her to pass, thinking she might be hurrying in pursuit of some one who had deserted her. watched her white figure flying through the darkness until he could see it no more. He was returning back to his lodge when

"Let

He

he heard the loud shriek he knew so well from having so often heard it before, followed in a second by the well-known plunge. To his call the policeman on the beat responded at once, the watermen were out in a moment; but the night was dark, and the poor creature was lost. The policeman came back with the toll-keeper to his lodge, and examined the gloves left in his possession; they were of white kid, and as he opened them out he uttered an exclamation of horror The palm of the right hand was stained with blood—a large wide lurid stain-to which was sticking the frag ments of a letter-which the policeman was unable to remove with sufficient complete ness to make anything more of than the writing was that of a man whose signature was "Fred." Every inquiry was set on foot, every measure taken to discover a clue to the affair, but no trace of the girl's identity, nor yet of the supposed wounded, or perhaps murdered, "Fred" was ever discovered. Many a catastrophe of the like nature must have happened on Waterloo Bridge, which, from the frequency of suicides committed there, has been accepted as the one designated by Hood as "The Bridge of Sighs.' There seems, indeed, to be a ghastly fascination about the place, for no sooner was it thrown open than a gentleman threw himself from the parapet, and was drowned, the papers recording the event as "the first suicide from the free Waterloo Bridge."

THE ORIGIN OF THE TIDES. All bodies attract each other; the power of the forces exerted depending upon the weight of the bodies and their distance from each other. The weight of any body is, in fact, the force with which the earth attracts that body to itself. The celestial b dies are all chained together by this force of attraction. The sun and the moon both exert an attractive influence on the earth, inducing our planet to approach to them; this attraction being balanced by the centrifugal force, we describe a curve, which is the resultant of these two forces. But the surface of the earth consists of fluid and solid; the former, owing to its mobility, exhibits a greater tendency to obey the attractive influence, and therefore rises to meet the sun or the moon. The sun, on account of his enormous bulk, exercises a much greater attractive force on the earth than the moon, but the solar tide is much less than the lunar tide, for this reason-the moon being near the earth, attracts the surface of the sea far more than its solid bed, and, therefore, the water rises in a heap underneath the satellite. The sun, on the other hand, being so distant, exerts nearly as much force on the surface as on the ocean bed beneath, and therefore, lifts up the water but very little. The identically same effect is produced upon that part of the earth most distant from the sun and moon, only in this case the ocean bed is drawn toward those bodies more rapidly than the water, which is, in fact, left behind. When the sun or moon are either in conjunction or opposition-that is, when the line joining them passes in the neighborhood of, or directly through, the earth -then their attractive forces being united, the tidal wave will be at a maximum, forming "spring tides" If they be in

Waterloo Bridge has been for years connected in men's minds with a murder the mystery of which no effort of the police has ever been able to discover. A carpet bag, containing the remains of a human being, was let down over the parapet by an individual supposed to be a man in woman's attire. The intention of lowering the horrible burden into the water was quadrature"-that is, if the lines drawn frustrated by the rope having caught the from their centres to the earth's centre angle of the stone. They say that the form a right angle-then the tides will be secret of that murder was known to one at a minimum, or "neap tide" will result. man alone --a Roman Catholic priest, It will be evident, then, that if the earth named Hodgson, whose mission had been were a world of waters, each tidal wave to visit the low dens and rookeries of the would pass completely around the earth in metropolis. But of course no considera- twenty-four hours. The existence of contion was powerful enough to induce him to tinents materially modifies its transit, and it divulge the secret of confession. All that is driven from its course, and consequently was ever wrung from him was the state-retarded. The great tidal wave takes its ment that both the murdered man and his murderers were all foreigners, and the motive of the crime was neither jealousy, nor cupidity, nor sudden violence. More than this the Rev. Mr. Hodgson never could be persuaded to divulge, and many persons have believed that the crime was political, and the victim some person of importance who had betrayed the party to which he was pledged, and had fled to Eng land and been traced by the avengers of the cause. The reverend gentleman himself died a year or two ago, and thus the mystery of the Waterloo Bridge murder will remain a mystery to the end of time.

rise in the deep Antarctic Ocean As it traverses the ocean the water is not raised above a few feet; but when it enters a shallow sea, or an estuary, where the tide finds itself in a sort of funnel, then the rise is sometimes as much as seventy feet, as is the case in the Bay of Fundy. The wave is not a wave of transmission, but one of motion, and if the particles of water were destitute of all cohesion or friction among themselves, they would only rise and fall into the same place after the attraction had passed. A wave of this nature is illustrated by throwing a stone into a pond; the wavelets expand from the point of disturbance,

[From The Science Gossip.] "BRUCE," THE MANCHESTER FIRE

HORSE.

ruthless tyrant fire, and he stood proud and confident that before long he would return home with the victors, when, after being refreshed and groomed, he would again be ready, always first, for the next turn

out.

For nearly six years "Our Bruce" never missed going with the first machine, at the end of which time he was, in consequence of his fine appearance, and our desire to give him a less active duty in his old age, transferred from the fire engine to the police patrol duty. We did not altogether lose our faithful animal's service, for one of his duties was to attend fires with the mounted police sergeant (whose name was also Bruce) to keep back the onlookers, which he most effectually did for nearly two years, during which time he was as great a favorite with the policemen, rarely leaving a police station without an apple, a piece of bread, or some mark of affection.

Mr. A. Tozer, Chief Fire Station, Manchester, England, says: At the latter part of the spring of 1864, "Our Bruce" was born; he soon began to show signs of a very promising hunter, of over sixteen hands high, and in due time commenced his training for the chase. At five years old he had grown to a beautiful animal, very docile and tractive-his mottled gray coat, the pride of the groom and the admi ration of his master. "Our Bruce" in the hunting field, once stumbled, and, in consequence, lost the confidence of his master, who disposed of him to the Manchester Carriage Company. In the early part of the year 1870 he was sold by the carriage company to the Manchester Corporation for the fire engine department, and commenced his duties on the 24th of March. His general appearance, and kind, tractOn the 7th of June "Our Bruce" fell sick; able, willing ways were soon noticed by the veterinary surgeon was sent for, who the firemen, and in less than a month after pronounced him suffering from inflammahe joined the brigade he was the favorite tion of the bowels. The usual remedies of the whole establishment, having pretty were applied, and everything was done to well the free run of the yard, in which he relieve his pain and make him comfortable, caused much diversion by his singular and but to no avail. For three days afterward funny ways. He was always full of inno- he was never left for a moment, night or cent mischief, and one of his greatest de- day, and at the third day he drew his last lights was to chase the men about the yard. breath, surrounded by those who loved him It sometimes happened that he was let out well, and who had been taken by him to for a gambol when the children were play- the scene of many a hard fight. A post ing. On such occasions it was most inter-mortem examination was held the following esting to notice how careful he was in not going too near them. At other times, when the engines were in the yard, he seemed not to forget his early training as a hunter, and would amuse himself by jumping over the poles. When tired, he would lift the latch of the door and go into his stable, and just as easily, after a rest, when the stable door was closed, he would let himself out again, or knock loudly at the door to attract attention. Near the stable door theres a water tap with a revolving han

dle.

"Our Bruce' would turn the handle with ease and help himself to a drink. It sometimes happend that a hose pipe would be attached to the tap; this would not cause him the least inconvenience; in such a case, after turning on the tap, he would lift up the end of the hose pipe with his teeth and hold the end in his mouth until he had satisfied his thirst. Many curious anecdotes could be told about our pet; how on one occasion he picked up the end of the hose and wetted one of the firemen who had offended him; how at a fire he would stand amidst the greatest noise and excitement, with showers of sparks falling around him, and on his beautiful coat, only to be shaken off; and at other times completely enveloped in smoke: but there was no shying or fretting under fire or smoke with "Our Bruce." He seemed to know that he had brought those who would fight that

morning to ascertain the cause of death. A stone (calculus) six inches in diameter, weighing five pounds eleven ounces, was taken from his bowels. This was, no doubt, the principal cause of the disease which led to the death of the fire horse.

ROSEWOOD.

It has puzzled many to decide why the dark wood so highly valued for pianos, and in these times so cleverly imitated, should be called rosewood. Its color, certainly, does not look like that of a rose, but when the tree is first cut the fresh wood possesses a strong, rose like fragrance; hence the name. There are half-a-dozen or more kind of rosewood trees found in South America and in the East Indies and neighboring islands Sometimes the trees grow so large that planks four feet broad and ten feet in length can be cut from them. These broad planks are principally used to make tops for pianofortes. When growing, the rosewood tree is remarkable for its beauty; but such is its value in manufactures as an ornamental wood, that some of the forests where it once grew abundantly, now have scarcely a single specimen. In Madras the government has prudently had great plantations of this tree set out in order to keep up the supply.

out in twenty-four hours by the old process, and the furnaces may be kept hot for months continuously.

Glass taken from the furnace heated in

escape them.

STEAM FROM PETROLEUM. Mr. S. C. Salisbury has so perfected means for the employment of petroleum products in iron and glass-making, in the this way was almost perfectly annealed, raising of water into steam, and other and could be drawn out into thin wire cases where a great heat is required, that he without breaking It was free from the bids fair to revolutionize many branches of impurities which cause specks in ordinary trade and production. He mixes the re-glass, and which often require the manusiduum of petroleum and coal tar, after the facturer to cut it in small panes in order to volatile and inflammable portions have been eliminated, and conducts the mixture, of the consistency of molasses, to a funnel at the furnace door, where it is brought into contact with a current of superheated steam, which atomizes and oxygenates it, so that it enters the furnace in a fierce but delicate spray, sending a pure white flame throughout the whole length of the furnace, and keeping its arches at a white heat. It raises the heat to 5,000 degrees, and reduces the time of melting pig iron from two hours to ten minutes, and the time of making liquid glass from sixteen hours to two. Prior to atomizing, the fluid is as safe as coal, inasmuch as the volatile parts have been eliminated, and it will not blaze if thrown upon live coals.

The advantages of this discovery hardly need to be enumerated, if what is claimed be correct, and we see no reason for doubt ing it. Used for making steam on ocean steamers, it will reduce the space now required for coal sufficiently to add eight hundred tons to the freight-carrying capacity-the saving of cost in fuel and the additional freight making a difference estimated at $5,000 a trip on the great ocean steamers. In iron manufacture, it removes at once the chief trouble all iron makers experience in keeping the sulphur of the coal and coke out of their product.

In glass manufacture it will so economize the cost as to open a new era-one manufacturer being reported as saying it would make French plate as cheap as common window-glass is at present.

The combustion is perfect, so that there is no smoke. The fire-doors are never opened, so that there is no interference from chilling drafts of air. There is no carbonization of tubes; no sulphur to detetiorate the fire-brick; no clinkers, cinders and ashes to remove or scrape away; no cooling of the furnace for supplying new hearths. The cost of the fuel itself is greatly reduced, and the heavy expense of handling coal abolished.

Mr. Salisbury thinks he has not only solved the question of the smoke nuisance, but that he will make Pittsburgh the greatest manufacturing city on the globe, furnishing iron, steel and glass to the whole world. Meanwhile he has solved the problem of the petroleum-producers, who have been turning out ten thousand barrels of oil a day in excess of the world's consumption, filling their reserve tanks, and finally letting oil run to waste upon the ground.

All this sounds like the talk about the Keely motor; but the New York Sun, from which we condense the story told above, says that experiments have been in pro gress for weeks at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, and that Engineer Isherwood pronounced the completed result the most wonderful sight he had seen. The boiler room of the machine shop was filled with officers of the Naval Bureau of Construction, and iron and glass manufacturers, who saw the furnaces in full blast, with great volumes of white steam rolling away from the pipe, but no coal being thrown upon the fire below.

Mr. Salisbury-"an active little gentleman, with gray hair and ruddy countenance"-looked upon his fiery furnaces with the satisfaction natural to one who had spent many years in bringing a great undertaking to perfection, but merely said, in the spirit of a scientific inventor: " only wish Faraday was here to-day!"

WIVES.

"I

What the true man wants with a wife is her companionsnip, sympathy and love. The way of life has many dreary places in it, and man needs a companion to go with him. A man is sometimes overtaken by misfortunes; he meets with failure and defeat; trials and temptatious beset him, and he needs one to stand by and sympathize. He has some hard battles to fight with poverty, enemies, and with sin; and he needs a Mr. Salisbury melts pig metal into thin woman that, when he puts his arms around liquid in fifteen minutes. This is drawn her, he feels that he has something to fight into a second furnace, lower than the first, for; she will help him to fight; that will which is heated by the waste heat of the put her lips to his ear and whisper words of first. This second furnace is charged with counsel, and her hand to his heart and imhot air and superheated steam, which keeps part inspiration. All through life, through the metal boiling, and burns out its carbon storm and through sunshine, conflict and in a few minutes, no cold air coming in victory, through adverse and favoring contact with the metal at any stage of the winds, man needs a woman's love. The processes. One puddler turns out in ten heart yearns for it. A sister's or a mothhours as much as four puddlers can turner's love will hardly supply the need.