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was equal to the subject. Plutarch makes trustworthy additions to Arrian. In modern literature, Niebuhr and Grote have written as though they held a brief to discredit his character, while in Williams and Droysen he has found eulogists rather than biographers. Colonel Dodge writes throughout under the prepossession a soldier is likely to feel for one of the three greatest representatives of his profession. He does not cloak the crimes Alexander committed, or apologize for them, but he rather softens the story of them, and prefers to turn away from these painful pages of the brilliant record. We think he misses the cardinal fact in not seeing that his hero was mad, and probably had inherited the tendency to madness from his mother, and had it fostered in him,—as in so many others- by the irresponsible position to which he had been raised. Some of his portraits have the look of insanity. And his ambition to be worshiped as a god, which our author ascribes to policy, was probably as genuine as it was insane.

The first ten chapters of the book are devoted to an account of the methods of warfare before the rise of the Alexandrian power. Three are given to Philip and the Macedonian army, especially the phalanx; four to Alexander's earlier campaigns in Illyria and Greece. Then comes the invasion of Asia, on which the renown of the great soldier rests. There is but one thing wanting to make the military interest complete, and that is the presence of a great general on the other side. Alexander's difficulties are those presented by great distances, by strong fortifications, by facing vast though ill-disciplined bodies of Asiatics. We do not follow his course with the suspense which attends Hannibal's campaign in Italy or Napoleon's before Waterloo. It was nature rather than men he had to overcome, and of the three great battles which gave Persia into his hands, all were massacres rather than fights, although all gave him the opportunity to display his command of both strategy and tactics.

In estimating his successes great stress must be laid on the character of his Macedonian forces. As Frederick the Great inherited his army from his father, and as Carnot created the army with which Napoleon overran Europe, so Alexander-as Clitus told him at that fatal banquet - owed his successes to Philip, who made Macedonia a military power. But this is not saying all. Had not the Macedonians possessed qualities not common to the Greek race in general, Phillp could not have created such an army. In even the most painful chapters of the story of Alexander these qualities come to the front, and remind us that we are reading of a free and selfrespecting people, whose institutions had trained them in a sense of

responsibility and of right, which explains why Greece proper and Persia both went down before them.

Colonel Dodge has done his work in a thoroughly painstaking and generally satisfactory way. We think he is not always critical enough in handling his authorities, as in his quoting Quintus Curtius's romance as an authoritative history. But he certainly has made the story more intelligible than did his less military predecessors, not only by the admirable and abundant maps and plans, but by the clear and careful narrative of the military transactions.-The American.

The Kings of Israel and JuDAH. By George W. Rawlinson, M. A. Men of the Bible series. 12m0, 80 cents; by mail, 90 cents.

While in no way rationalizing the Biblical history, Professor Rawlinson succeeds by dint of a singularly clear style, and with the help of his great and well digested knowledge, in giving all the interest of an ordinary secular narrative to his book. His characterisations of various kings-those of Jeroboam I., Ahab, and Jehu may be singled out-are exceptionally vivid and yet judicious. This is an excellent little text-book of its kind.-London Spectator.

HE "WITH ALL MY WORLDLY GOODS

I thee endow."

SHE " But what is written in the law

A novel.

How readest thou?"

By G. Washington Moon, Hon. F. R. S. L. 12mo, $1.10; by mail, $1.24.

This romance is to be considered as the queerest of literary productions. The purpose of the book is to show where Church and law are at loggerheads. In the marriage service the husband says to his bride : "With all my worldly goods I thee endow, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen." While these words are put in the mouth of the man and sanctified by the Church, the law snaps its fingers at them and says they are utterly meaningless, or to be considered only in a Pickwickian sense. To understand exactly what was meant, the author states that as to the marriage service he consulted an eminent Queen's Counsel and the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, and their opinions were "diametrically opposed to one another." in the preface that Mr. G. Washington Moon shows eccentricity. He wants everybody to "buy" his book, and he is inclined to anathematize those who "borrow" it.-N. Y. Times.

A DIRECTORY of Writers.-A means of easy inter-communication between writers, editors, and publishers has long been needed. To supply this need, the editor of The Writer, the Boston magazine for literary workers, has undertaken to compile a "Directory of American Writers, Editors, and Publishers," which will be published at the earliest possible day. No charge whatever will be made for the insertion of names and addresses in this directory, the usefulness of which, particularly to editors and publishers who wish to communicate with writers, will be evident at a glance. The desire of the editor is to make the directory as nearly complete as possible, but the army of minor writers is so great that it will be necessary to limit the number of addresses in some reasonable way. It has been thought best, therefore, to include in the first edition only the names of writers who have had a contribution printed in some one of the leading magazines or weekly periodicals during the last five years, who have or had a book published within the last ten years. Writers who are included in either of these classes are requested to send at once to the editor of The Writer, P. O. Box 1905, Boston, Mass., the following items of information: (1.) Name of writer; (2.) Present residence; (3.) Permanent business address; (4) Literary specialty; (5.) Titles of principal articles or books printed, and dates of publication. This information should be sent promptly, for the directory has been for some time in preparation, and its publication will not long be delayed. The editor of the directory will be obliged, if, in addition, writers will send on a separate sheet, not for publication in the directory, autobiographical particulars, including date of birth, place of birth, parents' names, date of marriage, name of husband or wife, successive places of residence, title and date of first work printed, list of later works, and other such matter as would be suitable for publication in a "Biographical Dictionary of American Authors," now in course of preparation. By the prompt co-operation of those who are interested in the matter, the early publication of the directory may be secured. Editors of periodicals, to whom the directory will be especially useful, are requested to aid in the compilation by sending to the editor the addresses of contributors who do good work, but who may not have a national reputation. The more of such addresses the directory contains, the greater its usefulness to editors will be.

The American Law Register contains more law, that is as valuable next year as this, than any other law journal.

STATESMANSHIP dictated the amending of the Federal Constitution to forbid plural marriage as it forbids slavery. This makes it a Federal question in all the States, and puts the Republicans of Wyoming and the Democrats of Idaho upon an exact equality. If in either they practice polygamy they must answer for it in a Federal court, and for their punishment, in part, take disfranchisement. With such an amendment Utah could be safely admitted to the Union, and her Mormon population would be offered, on the one hand, justice and equality, and on the other punishment for violation of the Federal Constitution. In this way the individual transgressor would be punished, but no offensive and dangerous disqualification would attach to a class on account of its religious belief.-Alta California.

TRUSTS.-The best way for Congress to reach this class of offenders is through the exercise of its unlimited powers of taxation. It exercises those powers for other ends than revenue in the protective duties it lays on certain imports, in the taxation of certain commodities to discourage their use, and in the practical probibition of bank issues not secured by the deposit of the United States bonds. But there are other directions in which it might be applied. The whole railroad system of the country might be placed under national regulation by a tax per mile on every road not conducted in accordance with the rule laid down by the national authority. And the business of lumping several corporations into one in order to stop competition would be suppressed by a special tax on the products of every such combination. But it would be grossly unjust to levy this tax on every kind of combination. The power to discriminate between reasonable and unreasonable pools should be vested in some competent board of officials, while trusts should be prescribed everywhere and always.-The American.

JUDGE LAMAR, when Senator from Mississippi, met the most frequently repeated objection to the Blair bill by saying: "I think the measure is fraught with almost unspeakable benefit to the entire population of the South, white and black. It will excite a new interest among the people; it will stimulate both State and local communities to more energetic exertions and greater sacrifices, because it will encourage them in their hope of grappling with a task before whose vast proportions they have stood appalled in the consciousness of the inadequacy of their own resources to meet it."-The American.

THE METHODS of the Press Clipping Bureau at Boston, which has gone extensively into this line of work (making a specialty of it, while others have subordinated it to work for public men, actors, artists, etc.), may be taken to illustrate the way newspaper clippings are put to practical use in business. A dealer in church furniture, Jones, for instance, agrees to pay so much a month for everything printed in the papers of the field he wants to cover, relating to church construction. Suppose the Smithville Baptists begin to discuss the desirability of a church. The Smithville Bugle prints the fact, the Bureau sends the item to Jones, he notes the fact and files away the clipping. After that he keeps an eye on Smithville. Of course he does not go there yet, but as time passes he gets other items from the Bugle about the strawberry festival" for the building fund," then about the letting of the contracts, then about the laying of the corner stone, then announcing that the structure is well underway. Thus he has got a more or less complete history of that enterprise. He has found out the right time to send his catalogue, letters, or salesman, and the chances are that he has secured the names of the building committee or some prominent church member. He has paid for church news and nothing else and got all there was of it earlier than any competitor, and more copiously. If he doesn't get the contract it isn't because he didn't have every advantage first and fullest news could give him.

Or suppose Brown, who puts in water works or sells pipe for them, is a subscriber. A day or two after "Constant Reader' writes a letter to the Bugle saying that Smithville is way behind the times and ought to have water works. Brown reads that letter from the clipping, and forthwith, if he is a hustler, subsidizes the editor of the Bugle to agitate the subject. The clippings post him on the process of the agitation, and at the right time his man appears on the ground and captures the contract, provided he has been skillful enough to predispose in his favor the prominent men of the town before any other water-works man got there, which his earliest information has given him every chance to do.

Merchants, in other than construction lines, are beginning to see the chances in news got in this way. The wholesaler of hardware for example, or the maker of some hardware specialty, finds it to his advantage to learn of every new hardware store, and be the first to learn of it, and knowledge about transfers, changes in ownership, fires, repairs, extensions, etc., is also valuable in helping him to direct the movements of his drummers, whether they are of flesh and bone, or ink and paper.

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