ject: "secgan to say, tell, bodian to preach, announce, beó dan to offer, and-wyrdan, and-swarian to answer, gifan to give, for-gifan to give away, forgive, syllan to give, sell (of which examples need not be given), wid-metan to compare, measure with, ge-an-lícian to liken, make like; yrsian to be angry with, æ tfilhan to approach, apply to, wísian (wissian) to guide, direct, fore-wesan (L. præ-esse) to govern, be over, be-sárgian to pity, be sorry for, have a dative of the near object; losian to be lost, escape from, one of the person affected; as, Hire fær is wiðmeten fyrd-lícum truman her going is compared to an army on the march. Ic eom yslum and axum ge-an-lícod I am made like cinders and ashes. Se-pe yrsad his bréð er he that is angry with his brother. Nó ic him þæs georne æt-fealh I did not therefore willingly approach him. pæt híg minton þám folce wel wissian that they might guide the people well. Midþý heó þá feala geara þissum mynstre fore-wæs when she then many years had ruled this convent. pá be-sárgode he þære sorh-fullan méder then pitied he the sorrowful mother. Him losade án seeáp he had lost one sheep.

Some of the verbs having a dative &c. of the object to which the action is directed, govern the thing done in the accusative; as, Démað rihtne dóm judge right judgment.

Page 81.-The following verbs are sometimes used in the usual reflective way with the pronoun in the accusative: ge-bid dan to pray, warnian to be ware, belgan to be angry, ge-wraðian to be wroth; as, ponne þú þe ge-bidde when thou prayest. Warniað eów fram mannum be ware of men. Warnia wið þa bóceras then was he angry. pá ge-wraede was the archbishop

be ware of the scribes. pá bealh he hine Ge belga wis me ye are angry with me. hine se arce-biscop Landfranc then Lanfranc wroth.

Likewise some compounds of seón; as, Hine &c. for-se ón (G. sich ver-sehen) to err, commit an oversight, sin. Gif he hine under-bæc be-sá we if he should look back.

Page 81-3.-Wealdan, on-fón, éhtan, bídan, and earnian sometimes govern the accusative.

Page 83.-On-þracian to dread, feel horror at governs the genitive like op-drædan; as, An þraciende þæs un-ge-limpes feeling horror at the misfortune.

Page 87.-Be and tó sometimes govern the ablative; as, Be þý mæg ælc mon wítan by that may each man know. Tó-þý-þæt (=tó-pónþæt) in order that. Tó-hwý why?

As æt is sometimes to, so is tó sometimes at; the two are now and then confounded in E., and G. zu stands for both. Tó and æt (the latter in composition often) sometimes mean from, the former espe cially with wilnian and sécan; as, Ealle tó þe ætes wilniað all from thee desire food. Manna ge-hwyle se-pe séced tó him every man that seeketh from him. He þæt ful ge-peah æt Wealh-beón he took the cup from (at the hand of) Wealhtheb.

Tó meaning motion to, has sometimes, though seldom, an accusative: He fór tó Samariam þæt land he went to the land of Samaria.

Page 88.-Tó-emnes (a rare word) rather by, along-side, overagainst than along, is from efen (efn, emn) even, equal; on-e fn (-em n) is the same; Him on-efn lige ealdor-ge-winna by him lieth (his) deadly foe. Emn-, em- are common in composition; emn-lang (G. eben (so) lang) of the same length; em-leóf (G. eben (so) lieb) equally dear; em-þeów fellow-slave.

Page 90.-In non, úton, and úppon should not be divided, -o n (-an) being here only an ending and not the preposition on, serving in the two last to change the adverb into a preposition.

Page 93.- penden while sometimes has a subjunctive; as, penden hit hát sý while it be hot.

Page 95.-For-standan (or fore-standan) to defend, stand before, likewise for-standan (G. ver-stehen) to understand govern the accusative; as, Hine God for-stód him God defended.

Page 96.-Other conjunctions are swá-same-swá the same as-, in like manner as—, ná-læs þæt án ac- not (that) only but—, nates-hwón by no means, nóht-þón-læs never-(nought)-theless, gea yea, ná nay, gese yes, nese no, næs (nas) not, huru moreover, chiefly, huru-þinga at least, þæs-pe since, after that, because, for-hwón, tó-hwón (= for-hwý) hwy, þæs(-for) for that, therefore, gen, gena yet.

Comp. our έxoμɛv ɛi μŋ—we have (not) but—, one only of the many instances of likeness between the Gr. and A. S. syntax.

Weorbe too may be either expressed or understood; as, Wá (weorðe) þám men! wo worth the man!

Page 97.-Lo! has no more to do with look than O. gif has with gifan: our vulgar law! and lawk! may also be derived from lá!

Page 98.-Which Latin translation the A. S. versions of the Holy Scripture are taken from is hard to say; this only is certain that the A. S. Gospels follow the Vulgate more closely than the Heptateuch does. The Latin MSS. doubtless varied much, and the A. S. is now and then seemingly not an accurate rendering of any one. Elfríc was a common name; among those who bore it, were an Archbishop of Canterbury, and one of York, of whom the latter is believed to have translated the parts of the O. Testament known as the Heptateuch.

Page 133.-Teóhhian (from teóh, p. 152. n. 3.) means also to furnish, provide, fit out, and perhaps should be so rendered in the extract from Boëthius, where its meaning is not very clear.

Page 140.-Tó- in tó-geanes sometimes does not rime (see p. 158, last line) though seemingly always in other combinations: to- on the other hand never rimes.

THE END.

CORRECTIONS.

Page 29, for usser, usse, ussum, usses, ussa read ússer, ússe &c.

66, l. 12, for peow, peowen read þeów, þeówen, and accent þeów, and its derivatives elsewhere.

71, l. 3, for niwan read níwan, and accent níwe elsewhere.

do. l. 19, for fic-treow read fíc-treów.

78, l. 8, for Oder-healf read O'ðer-healf.

79, 1. 3, 4, for axian read áxian, and accent the verb elsewhere.

83, l. 11, for ehtan read éhtian or éhtan, and accent elsewhere.

90, for úpp-on, inn-on, út-on read úppon &c.

100, for adena, aðenede, aðenian read a-þena, a-penede, a-þenian.

101, for locia, locian read lócia, lúcian, and accent elsewhere.

102, for un-fæle, fæle, fæl-s-ian read un-fæle, fæle, fæl-s-ian.

do. for teohhiað, teohhian read teóhhiað, teóhhian.

134, note 1, for Ut-a-springan read U't-a-springan, 138, l. 5, for boded read bade.

143, for cyde, cyððu read cýððe, cýððu.

168, l. 20, for birne read byrne (birne).