8. Ne nim þú lác (1) pa a-blendad gleáwne (*), and a-wendad (3) riht-wisra word.

9. Ne beó þú æl-þeódigum (4) gram (5), for-þám ge weron æl-peódie on Egipta-lande.

10. Sáw (6) six ger (7) þín land, and gadera (8) his wæstmas,

11. And læt hit restan on þám seofođan, þæt pearfan eton þær-of, and wild-deór (9): dó swá on þínum wínearde, and on þínum ele-beámon (1o).

12. Wyrc six dagas, and ge-swíc (11) on þám seofođan, þæt þín oxa and þín assa híg ge-reston, and þæt þínre wylne sunu sý ge-hyrt (12), and se útan-cumena (13).

13. Healdad ealle pa ping pe ic eów sæde, and ne swerie ge purh útan-cumenra goda naman.

14. prywa on gere ge-wurdiad (14) mínne freols.

15. þú ytst þeorf-symbel (15); seofon dagas ge etad

(1) Gifts, here.neuter II. I., but see p. 9.

(2) Gleáw (I.) skilful, clever; G. klug.

(3) A-wendan (I. 2.) to turn away, sub-vert, per-vert; G. ab-wenden: the prefix a- sometimes has the force of of-.

(4) Æl-be6dig (II.) foreign, strange; æl- is here=aλX-oç, L. al-ius, alienus; and not to be confounded with æl for eal, in æl-mihtig, æl-beorlt and the like. (5) Angry, cruel. Vulg." molestus."

(6) Sawan (II. 2.) to sow; G. sähen. (8) Gaderian to gather.

(7)=gear, see p. 5.
(9) Wild beasts.

(10) Olive-trees; ele oil, beam beam, tree; G. baum, D. boom, whence

boom.

(11) Ge-swícan (III. 2.) to cease.

(12) Ge-hyrtan (I. 2.) to encourage, hearten, strengthen, from heorte.

(13) Stranger, one come from without; t-on, see p. 71.

(14) Ge-weordian (wurðian) to honour, ce shrate; G. würdigen. (15) Feast of unleavened bread.

peorf, swá ic pe be-beád, on þæs mondes tíd níwra (1) wæstma, þá þú út-fóre of Egipta-lande: ne cymst þú bútan ælmyssan (2) on míne ge-sýhđe.

16. Heald þá symbel tíde þæs mondes frum-sceatta(3) þínes weorces pe þú on lande sawst, and on geres útgange (*), ponne þú ge-gaderast pine wæstmas tógædre.

17. Prywa on gere æle wæpned-man (5) æt-ýwd (6) beforan Dryhtne (7).

18. Ne offra þú þínre on- sægdnesse blód (8) úppan beorman (9), ne se rysel (10) ne be-lýfð (11) oð morgen (12). 19. Bring pine frum-sceattas tó Godes húse.

.20. Nú ic sende mínne engel þæt he pe læde in-tó pære stówe pe ic ge-gearwode (13).

21. Gým (14) his, and ge-hýr his stemne (15), for-pám

(1) Níwe (I.) new; vɛoc, L. novus, G. neu, D. nieuw.

(2) Ælmysse (1. 3.) alms; (S. awmous ;) gift would here have been better.

(3) First fruits; fruma beginning, sceat (II. 2.) coin, value, profit, &c. hence shot, scot: G. schatz treasure.

(4) Ut-gang (II. 2.) out-going, end; G. aus-gang.

(5) Lit. weaponed-man; the common use of this word for male is a strong proof of the warlike habits of our A. S. forefathers.

(6) Æt-ýwan (-ian, -eówian) (I. 2.) to appear, show, &c.

(7) Dryhten (II. 2.) Lord, chief; dryht (II. 3.) troop, band.

(8) Blód (II. 1.) blood; G. blut, D. bloed.

(9) Beorme (I. 3.) barm, leaven, leavened bread.

(10) II. 2. fat.

(1) Be-lyfan (III. 2.) to remain; G. b-leiben, D. b-lijven.

(12) Morgen, mergen, merigen (II. 2.) morn, morrow; G. and D. morgen. (13) Gearwian to prepare, make yare or ready.

(14) Gýman (I. 2.) to take care of, care for, herd, attend to.

he ne for-gifd ponne ge syngiad, and mín nama is on him.

22. Ic beó þínra feónda feónd,

23. And þe in ge-læde tó Amorrea lande.

24. Ne ge eád-méd (1) þú hira godas, ac to-brec hira an-lícnessa.

25. peówiad Dryhtne: ic ge-bletsie eów, and dó ælce un-trumnesse fram eów,

26. And ge-íce (2) eówer dagas,

27. And a-flýme (3) þíne fýnd be-foran þe;

28. And ic a-sende hyrnetta(4), þe aflýmad Efeum(5)

and Chananeum,

29. Twelf mondum ær þú in-fare.

31. Ic sette þíne ge-mæro (6) fram þære Reádan (7) Sa od Palastinas Sæ, and fram þám wéstene od þæt flód.

32. Nafa þú náne sibbe (8) wid hira godas,

33. þý-læs híg þe be-swícon (9).

(') Eáð-médan (eád-) (I. 2.) to humble one-self, worship, " bow down to :" from eáð and mód.

(2) Ge-ícan (I. 2.) to increase, lengthen, eke out; from eác.

(3) A-flýman (I. 2.) to put to flight, from fleam fight.

(*) Hyrnet hornet.

(5) The Hivite; Vulg. "Hevæum."

(6) Ge-mære (III. 1.) boundary; P. meer.

(7) Reád (I.) red; G. roth, D. rood. (8) Sib (II. 3.) peuce.

(9) Be-swican (III. 2.) to deceive.

*

117

VII.-Saxon Chronicle (1).

*The Saxon Chronicle is a series of annals of A. S. affairs, from the earliest times to A.D. 1154, compiled by Monks.

Brytene (2) ig-land (3) is eahta hund mila lang and twa hund mila brád; and her syndon on þám ig-lande fíf ge-þeóda (*), Englisc, and Bryt-Wylisc (5), and Scyttisc(), and Pyhtisc(), and Bóc-leden(®). Ærost wron búgend (9) pisses landes Bryttas (10) þa comon of Armorica (11), and ge-sæton (12) súđan-weard Brytene ærost.

A.D. 449. Her (13) Martianus and Valentinianus onfengon ríce (14), and rícsodon seofon winter. On heora dagum Hengest (15) and Horsa fram Wyrtgeorne (16) geladode (17) Brytta cyninge tó fultume, ge-sóhton (18) Brytene on þám stede (19) pe is ge-nemued Yp-winesfleót (20), ærost Bryttum tó fultume, ac hí eft(21) on hí(22)

(1) Taken with some slight changes from the edition of Dr. Ingram, President of Trinity College, Oxford. (2) II. 2. Britain.

(3) Ig-land, ea-land, (II. 1.) e, iland; G. ei-land, D. ey-land: island has arisen from a confusion with isle, (L, insula, G. insel, F. isle, île) with which it has no connexion.

(5) Lit. British-Welsh.

(7) Pictish.

(4) Ge-þeód (II. 3.) nation.

(6) Scottish.

(8) Book-Latin, Roman.

(9) For búend (II. 2.) inhabitants: see p. 15. (10) Brytte (II. 2.) Briton.

(11) A various reading has Armenia.

(12) Ge-sittan (II. 1.) to occupy, settle in.

(13) Here and below means this year.

(14) The Roman Empire.

(15) II. 2. Not Hengist as commonly spelt; horse, G. hengst. Horsa too meant the same. (16) Vortigern. (17) Ladian (I. 1.) to invite, G. laden. (18) Sécan is here to go to; comp. the use of L. petere.

(19) II. 2. Place, stead; G. statt, stätte.

(20) Ebb's-et in the Isle of Thanet; feút stream, creek; fleet is common in locname.asl (22) Against them; in eo

(21) Again, afterwards.

fuhton. Se cing hét hí feohtan on-gean Pyhtas, and hí swa dydon, and sige(1) hæfdon swa-hwar-swá hí comon. Hí þá sendon tó Angle (2) and héton heom seudan máre fultum, and heom secgan Bryt-Walena (3) náhtnesse (*), and pas landes cysta (5). Hí þá sendon heom máre fultum: þá comon þa men of þrym mægðum Germanie (6):--of Eald-Seaxum (7), of Englum (8), of Iótum (9). Of Iótum comon Cant-ware (10), and Wiht-ware, pet is seó mæd (11) þe nú eardađ (12) on Wiht (13), and pæt cyn on West-Seaxum (14) pe man git het Iótena-cyn. Of Eald-Seaxum comon EastSeaxan (15), and Súđ-Seaxan (16), and West-Seaxan. Of

(1) II. 2. victory; G. sieg.

(2) Engle, Angle (Ongle) (II.2.) country of the Angles, the present Sleswig.

(3) Bryt-Wala (I. 2.) lit. British-Welshman: the Anglo-Saxons called all not of Gothic race Walan or Wealas, equivalent to strangers or foreigners, and the Germans still keep up the same idea, calling the French and Italians Wälschen, and anything strange or outlandish wälsch.

(1) Nábtnes (II. 3.) goodness for nought, cowardice.

(5) Cyst (II. 3.) choice, excellence; pl. cysta good things, abundance. (6) Gen. of Germania; see p. 13.

(7) Seaxa (I. 2.) Saxon: the Old-Saxon dialect nearly resembled the A. S. (8) See p. 19.

(9) Ióta, Iúta (I. 2); the Jutes occupied the present Jutland, which was bounded to the south by Angle; lay still further southward. (11)

= mægð, p. 5.

(13) Or Wiht-land Isle of Wight.

the Old-Saxons' land, now Holstein,
(10) Dwellers in Kent: see p. 20.
(12) Eardian to dwell, from eard.

(14) The West-Saxons occupied Berks, Hants, Wilts, Dorset, and parts of Somerset and Devon.

(15) The East-Saxons occupied Essex, as the name implies, Middlesex, and part of Herts.

(16) The South-Saxons had Sussex, named after them, and Surrey.