of interpretation that a subject who had given his parole was seized and imprisoned for violating it by frequenting a public assembly, and thus, by the eloquence of his presence, exhorting the populace to sedition! The mere suggestion of a potentate so inconsiderable that one may stride over his dominions in an hour is sufficient to procure the banishment of an Austrian subject from Austria for libel of his person or attributes; but in Prussia alone have I witnessed the amazing spectacle of a court, composed in part of gray-haired men, publicly condemning an edition of the Allgemeine Zeitung to be burned with fire for traducing their sovereign!

perial complaisance, is the excessive floridity of ornamentation in the feuilletons of Vienna alluded to above. The journalistic dialect of Berlin may often be so rugged, hirsute, and ponderous as to make the reader feel uncomfortable, but it is at least patriotic and unimpeachable German; while that of Vienna pays assiduous court to Gallic loveliness, and its unkempt and sturdy sons disport their cumbrous loves through many a column with the lithe and graceful daughters whose ancestors dwelt beside the Seine.

Whether through this governmental intolerance, or through the inherent ruggedness of the idiom, or through default of enterprise, the telegraphic department of German newspapers is furnished with an incredible parsimony. A table giving the statistics of the great GermanoAustrian system of telegraphs for 1864 pointed out that in that year only 1.24 per cent. of the matter telegraphed was furnished to the public press! The average amount published in the Allgemeine Zeitung, including all the reports from the bourse, markets, and lotteries, is only forty-eight lines daily. When a dispatch of 651 words (some fact-loving German made the reckoning) was forwarded from the battle-field of Custozza to a journal in Vienna it was considered a notable achievement of private enter

The Prussian police-officers are in the highest degree suspicious and oppressive; those of Austria and Bavaria are equally suspicious, but more meddlesome than oppressive. In Prussia they render themselves and their office continually odious; in Austria and Bavaria they frequently expose themselves to ridicule and contempt. During the war of 1866 there were only five journals temporarily suspended in Austria, and three in Bavaria, and none permanently suppressed; but in Prussia the mortality lists in the campaign against the journals were scarcely less appalling than in the battalions of the Army of the Elbe. In the crisis of the war, in an interval of two weeks alone, seventeen news-prise. papers were suppressed by military force, though a number of them were in the newly-conquered provinces, and subsequently reappeared under different auspices.

Within the space of four months a single newspaper in Munich was prosecuted three times by the police authorities on a charge of Staatsamtsehrebeleidigung, and not only survived each terrible conflict, but issued from them triumphant. Staatsamtsehrebeleidigung! Only think of it! In its short life of fifteen years the same journal had been confiscated, in single issues, ninety-six times! Each confiscation, however, was replaced the same day by an edition struck off with a "censor-gap" of, perhaps, ten or fifteen lines. One of its Prussian contemporaries, in Dantzic (only one among many), was less fortunate, for it appeared to its subscribers three times, within two weeks, perfectly white except the advertisements !

The epoch-making battle of Sadowa was waged within a half steam day's journey of Vienna; yet not twenty consecutive lines of telegraphic history were published in Vienna concerning it; and one of the newspapers of that city remarked with a sarcasm to which its truthfulness lent a keener sting, "If it had not been for the Prussian official bulletins of victory we would have known less of the battles in Bohemia than we did of those in the United States of North America."

After a "field-day" in Congress the Herald's head-lines alone occupy as much space as the telegrams in the Allgemeine Zeitung. The latter journal's daily expenses for telegraphic matter do not exceed $15; the Herald has sometimes published a "special" cable telegram of two columns, which, at $2 per word, would cost $2400. The greatest recorded telegraphic feat of Europe was a three-column dispatch to the London Times from Dublin, containing John Bright's speech in that city, in the winter of 1866-67. Nothing like it has ever been dreamed of on the Continent. During the war the Times and Herald several times received nearly a whole page by telegraph from Cincinnati; and, at the end of the war, General Grant's last official report was telegraphed from Pittsburg to the Cincinnati Commercial, filling three pages of that paper, and containing not less than 18,000 words.

It is a subject of universal comment in Germany that the journals of Vienna as far surpass those of Berlin in the license of their pasquinades on the court and exalted personages of the empire as the latter do the former in searching and comprehensive discussions of political transactions, or in the casualty lists they are permitted to publish after battles. It is the good pleasure of Francis Joseph to allow the journalists to amuse the mercurial and merry Most of the telegraph lines are controlled citizens of his metropolis with "quips and entirely by the governments, and they make cranks" that, in the columns of the severe and no reductions for dispatches of extraordinary solemn journals of Berlin, would be high trea- length; but it is doubtful if newspaper proprison. Another remarkable but not unnatural etors could be induced to accept a much greatphenomenon of this officially-imposed silence er quantity than they already receive. When and emptiness, thus thinly gilded over by im- such a possibility is suggested they simply shrug

and that although it had at first to contend in an almost hopeless struggle, it has at length surmounted every obstacle sufficiently to become self-supporting, and is steadily advancing to popularity and strength.

their shoulders in dismay, for that which they alone, exclusive of the Continent, its Berlin constantly receive requires to be so often trans- contemporary numbers scarcely 1100 subscriblated in its tortuous journeyings, and is some-ers! Germany affords the most striking of times so wretchedly rendered by routine officials, all modern demonstrations of the truth of the that, upon its arrival, it is frequently impossible old complaint, that artists do not read. It is to render it more than approximately intelligible but just to state, however, that the Berlin puband accurate. To the conscientious and pains-lication has been established only a few years; taking German these uncertain oracles are peculiarly unsatisfactory and obnoxious; they perturb his philosophic equanimity, they becloud his understanding, they harass and perplex his waking hours, and thus invade and retrench the period allotted by nature to healthful repose. It is greatly corrosive of intellectual tranquillity, and wholly subversive of the principles that should control every well-regulated human life, to be compelled to lose half an hour from one's meditations on the Corpus inscriptionum Romanarum in an attempt to ascertain from a miserable telegram whether a colliery explosion in Wales occurred at Llwydcoed or at Llwidcoed.

The depressing effect upon the newspapers of Germany of all these official embarrassinents and persecutions, added to the intrinsic hindrances interposed by the character of the people themselves, is readily perceptible in their limited circulation lists. Berlin, for instance, with a population of 620,000 souls, requires 142,200 copies of daily newspapers, which would be an average of one paper a day (if all were retained in the city) for every 4.39 inhabitants; Vienna, with a population of 530,000, requires 142,700 copies, or an average of one for 3.73; New York, with a population of about 900,000, requires (I estimate) 411,500 copies, or an average of one for 2.19 inhabitants.

With comic and illustrated papers, however, Germany is copiously supplied. Many of the comic papers may seem to the cold-blooded and less-impressible Anglo-Saxon something too trivial and undignified in their sallies; but such papers as the Kladderadatsch, the Fliegende Blätter, Punsch, and Pfeffer und Salz, are well worthy to rank alongside Punch and Charivari. But it is in pictorial publications that Germany specially excels. Leipsic alone publishes three, with a combined weekly circulation of 117,500, one of which, the Illustrirte Zeitung, had fifteen special artists with the armies in Bohemia, and several with those campaigning on the Main. The Ueber Land und Meer, of Stuttgart, has a weekly circulation of 52,000, and a monthly of 27,000. Besides these there are several other pictorials in Vienna, Basle, and other places, and a great number of scientific and agricultural publications profusely and admirably illustrated. Of agricultural papers alone Leipsic publishes over half a dozen-in fine, there is no known country in which agriculture is at the same time better taught and illustrated and more wretchAgain, there are no single journals in Ger-edly practiced than in Germany, especially in many that attain the colossal daily circulations South Germany. common in London, Paris, and New York. The Volkszeitung, of Berlin, the most widely-distributed daily in Germany, has a circulation of only 29,000 or 30,000; the Neueste Nachrichten, of Munich, 25,000; the Vienna Neue Freie Presse 19,000; the Cologne Zeitung, the most entertain its literary independence of Prussia and prising paper of Germany, 19,000; the Allgemeine Zeitung 11,000 of each edition, or 22,000 a day. On the other hand, the London Telegraph circulates (I am informed) 315,000 daily; the Paris Le Petit Journal (last summer) 242,600; the Herald 95,000; the London Times 59,000; the Figaro 50,000; New York Times 45,000; Tribune 43,000.

But in no department of journalistic enterprise is Germany more deficient than in her Art journals. When St. Paul's Cathedral requires new windows of stained glass they must be brought from Munich; when Englishmen of culture weary of looking at the wretched, tawdry collections of the National Gallery they flee to Dresden and Munich; yet when Germans would read of what themselves have accomplished they are obliged to subscribe for a London journal. Lützow's Zeitschrift, of Berlin, is the only publication that can for a moment be compared with the London Art Journal; but while the latter has a circulation of over 30,000 in England

With the first day of 1867 the Munich Morgenblatt suspended publication for want of patronage-a fact that would have been of inconsiderable importance if it had not been the failure of the last attempt of South Germany to main

Saxony. It was the only existing belles-lettres publication South of the Main, and its extinction acquired additional significance as marking the transfer of the literary, almost simultaneously with the political, ascendency in Germany to Berlin. This paper being the forlorn hope of the South, both their sectional pride and their virulent animosity toward Prussia enlisted them strongly in its support, and for several years it was even the recipient of a subsidy from the Bavarian government; but it was a vain struggle, and, seeing it could never be rendered selfsupporting, the government withdrew its support, and simultaneously the proprietors abandoned the publication of it. It was little loss to Germany, or even to the individuals who had supported it, for Munich, notwithstanding its great wealth in art, constituting for it a just claim to be the artistic metropolis of Germany, is poor in thought.

One of the best, if not the best, of the belleslettres publications of Germany is the Leipsic

only one government to assault or champion, while those of Germany have a matter of thirty or thereabout upon which to employ their attention, I likewise can not forget that in Prussia it is perilous to subscribe for more than one political journal, while in England (as also in America) it is perilous to subscribe for only one. As soon as a thriving burgher in the little village of Eichhornstadt becomes so ambitious as to presume to peruse a journal in addition to the government organ it will go hard but the police will presently find it necessary to confiscate his wild-cherry book-case, togeth

Gartenlaube, which has a weekly circulation of 210,000. The Berlin Bazar, a weekly gazette of fashion, reaches the great circulation of 250,000. The artists employed on this magazine are the inventors of a good portion of the feminine costumes of Europe; but they receive little credit for it outside of Prussia, for the Parisians adroitly contrive to appropriate most of them, and distribute them to the fashionable world as of their own invention. It is a singular demonstration of the absolute domination of French ideas over Europe, that fashions first announced in the Bazar often have to travel through Paris, and receive the French trade-er with its contents; but if the American farmmark, before they can win their way into the toilets of Vienna, not only a German city, but nearer Berlin than Paris.

er peruses only one partisan newspaper it may be a great many months after the occurrence before he learns that his party has violated the Constitution. I am fully persuaded, therefore, that it is the great multiplicity of governments alone that has been able to impart vitality to so large a number of daily journals, when they were laboring under the depressing restriction above narrated; and in view of this fact the cruelty of Count Bismarck in merging together a number of those governments will appear in its most aggravated and heinous character.

Another noteworthy phenomenon in circulation is found in the fact that North Germanycontrary to what one would expect does not publish proportionately as many papers as South Germany and German Austria. The comparative extent of the circulations of Vienna and Berlin has already been given; and to it may be added the following instances: Munich, population 167,000, daily newspapers 77,600; Dresden, population 160,000, daily newspapers 25,800; Stuttgart, population 66,000, daily newspapers 47,750; Hamburg, population 200,000, dailies 64,600. Even Leipsic, the great publishing house of Germany, with a population of 85,000, requires only 24,100 daily newspapers.

In another place I have stated that single German newspapers never attain the colossal circulation lists that are sometimes found in England and France, and adduced a number of particular instances. This fact is entirely in accordance with the centrifugal and separatist tendencies of the character of the nation. There prevail in Germany as many theories of governmental and ecclesiastical polity-all of them of the most indubitable practicability and impregnable orthodoxy-as there are separate and particular persons, viz., some fifty or sixty millions. Now every thoughtful reader must see at once that it would be very difficult-I think I might say extremely difficult-for one paper to espouse one-half of these theories, or even a tenth portion of them, it being presupposed always that each of them receives an equally enthusiastic and strenuous support. It should also be here premised that every Ger man citizen desires the welfare of the land of his nativity more than he desires his customary nutriment; and, farther, that he is profoundly persuaded and convinced that that welfare can be permanently established and maintained only Certainly this marked disparity can not esby bringing to bear upon the science of legis-tablish a superior intelligence for the South, lation a body of preordained, immutable, and for every other known fact demonstrates the primordial principles, axioms, and corollaries contrary. The true explanation is that the which no previous legislator or collection of South publishes a greater proportionate numlegislators of any century or country has hith-ber of small penny papers (Kreutzerblätter)— erto either discovered or applied. For want of an understanding of those principles the Fatherland is traveling hourly to canine habitations. To avert a catastrophe so deplorable and so fraught with direful consequences, he patriotically establishes a journal in which to propound, elucidate, and demonstrate those principles. He also reads it. Whether any other of his countrymen engage with him in that patriotic and interesting avocation is a matter of secondary consequence, for he now peruses healthful sentiments, and feels secure:

Thus, while the United Kingdom of Great Britain supports only ninety daily newspapers, Prussia publishes one hundred and forty-three, and Austria seventy-two, most of them in the German provinces. While I do not for a moment overlook the importance of the circumstance that the journals of Great Britain have

very minute and trivial affairs, largely filled with advertisements, and of so low a price that thrifty merchants subscribe for several of them. They contain very little political or valuable information of any description, but chiefly "wise saws and modern instances," "old wives' fables," neighborhood genealogies, chronicles of two-headed calves, and such like matters as are level with the intellectual abilities of the credulous, tattling populations of the Catholic South. The South German or the Austrian laborer awaits nearly as anxiously as the French or the American, and more anxiously than the English or the Prussian, his daily portion of small news, though he employs great economy in its purchase. You will find in his house a trifling newspaper and a well-thumbed prayerbook oftener than in that of the Prussian, but less frequently a copy of Schiller.

T is of no consequence to any one but myself what brought me here to spend the summer in a little village in the back part of the State; but here I am, and here I am likely to remain for some time to come. My surround-attack of some kind. ings are not altogether what could be desired, I could not help laughing a little, though, but I comfort myself with the thought that they when I thought it all over; and pushing open might be worse. I shall keep a sort of journal the blinds, I sat down by my window to cool of what happens here. Here I sit yet, the "naughty" having all Having found my way to the tea-table on the been calmed out of me by the pretty view. evening of my arrival, I was made acquaint-Purple hills in the distance, and greener hills ed" by my landlady with Mr. Ent, Mr. Ent's near by-another cause of good-humor, for it son, and Mr. Brice-the latter a gentleman makes me really savage to look out upon a flat boarder. My first impressions of this gentle-stretch of monotonous grass; and on one of the man were not favorable, and I have seen no green hills I can see in the twilight the gleam reason so far to change my opinion.

My exasperated state of mind passes imagination. I gave Mrs. Ent very clearly to understand that the antics of the person by the name of Brice were a matter of perfect indifference to me; and that as to his being "offish," that would be the most agreeable frame of mind to me in which he could possibly continue. Had I burst into tears, and then into anger; but

Rosamond stopped my invectives with dignity. "He is my husband," said she, calmly; and this is all that any one can get from her.

Mrs. May, however, is not one of the quiet kind, and she loudly bewails the unfortunate marriage that has blasted her daughter's youth, and left her neither wife nor widow in her father's house. It is very provoking that Rosamond will not say any thing; and yet I can not but respect her for it. I have such a contempt for those silly women who degrade themselves by lowering their husbands in the eyes of others Mrs. Ent, for instance. Who would have thought, though, that my little childish Rosamond would have come out with so much character?

idea that you were personally interested in this Mr. Brice. I take back all that I said; and I have no doubt that he will turn out to be a very charming person.'

"I am not interested in him at all, in the way you mean," replied Fanny, more in a flutter than ever. "Don't, I beg of you, get such a notion into your head! Mr. Brice really is very intelligent and gentlemanly; and we feel sorry for him because he is a stranger. He told father some sad story, when he came, that father persists in keeping to himself; but he superintends a factory here that belongs to some relative, and makes our house his head visiting quarters, at father's request. We have become very well acquainted with him, and like him very much. He is very kind-hearted; and the poor man seems so sad at times that it is quite wretched to see him. I am really anxious that you two should be friends. I think, Constance, that you could do him a great deal of

"Well," said I, quite unmoved, "if Mr. Brice were under eighteen I might deem it my duty to take him in hand. As it is, however, I do not feel it to be my mission. It strikes me, too, that we can find more interesting subjects of conversation."

They say, however (for others are not quiet), that this Stephen Ellinwood was a gay, dashing man, fascinated by Rosamond's pretty ways at an old-fashioned watering-place, and married to her in an imprudently short time after they met. That his old, dissipated ways grad-good." ually came back upon him; that he left his wife in a fit of drunken anger, on finding her in tears; and that he had probably made way with himself-which was the very best thing he could have done, if he had only sent her word. I think that Mrs. May fully subscribes to all this; and she asks every fresh questioner if Fanny looked disappointed, but resolute; and it isn't too bad that her Rosamond should be I anticipate considerable amusement in watchtreated in this way? Poor mother! her ambi-ing her manœuvres. tion was as strong as her love; and in that slight girl were centred many fair hopes, now rudely shattered.

III.

While I was dreaming over Rosamond my one friend in the place, Fanny Lears, suddenly made her appearance. After an exchange of salutations she immediately attacked the subject of Mr. Brice. Had I seen him yet? And how did I like him? And had he talked much?

To which I replied that I had not seen him. Aman answering to that name was supposed to have been sitting beside me at tea-time; but he sat in a heap, and did not look up; that I didn't like him at all; and that he had not talked much, having confined himself entirely to a sort of growl at long intervals.

"Really, Constance, you are too bad!" said my friend, in evident disappointment. "I can see that you have resolutely set yourself against the poor man, and knowing both your natures as I do, I feel sure that each day will only see you flying wider apart."

"If we flew at once to opposite sides of the globe I can not see of what possible consequence it could be to you or any one else," was my reply.

Fanny blushed to the very roots of her hair; and in that action discovered to me a very nice little plot already hatched by the scheming damsel. I thought that I could a tale unfold, if I had been so disposed; but the time had not yet arrived.

"Pardon me, Fanny," said I; "I had no

At breakfast-time I managed to get a look at my neighbor, and found the man quite handsome, evidently against his will. His hair wants cutting, and he needs repairing generally; but if he could be persuaded to sit erect, and act like a gentleman, I should almost call him distinguished - looking. I have set him down, though, as a perfect boor. It never seems to enter his head that any of his neighbors may be in want of the necessaries of life, in the shape of butter, biscuits, and the like.

IV.

Some little time after breakfast I strolled down again to the dining-room, while the maiden was putting my apartment in order, and my ears were soon greeted by the dulcet tones of Mrs. Ent, sternly reproving Mr. Ent for his course in regard to something or other, and it seemed to me that I could see his stalwart frame trembling before her wrath.

"Now, Sairy,” he remonstrated, meckly, “if you'd only see-'

"Samuel Ent," exclaimed the shriller voice, with wrathful deliberation, "you are the biggest fool that ever went on two legs! I'd sooner trust a pussy-cat!"

A roar of laughter now burst from an opposite direction; and Mrs. Ent, after a moment's pause, exclaimed:

"Do, for goodness' sake, shut that door, Samuel! I should think you might have sense enough, when you come here carrying on in this way, not to let Mr. Brice know all about it!"

I could stand it no longer, and for fear of