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"Flowers are not flowers unto the poet's eyes;

Their beauty thrills him by an inward sense.
He knows that outward seemings are but lies;

Or-at the most-but earthly shadows, whence
The soul that looks within for truth, may guess
The presence of some wondrous loveliness."

J. R. Lowell's "Sonnets," xxv.

II. 1. Substantives as verbs:

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Your friar is now your prince. As I was then
Advertising and holy to your business,

Not changing heart with habit, I am still

Attorneyed at your service."

"Measure for Measure," v., 1.

Iachimo. There is a Frenchman his companion, one,
An eminent monsieur, that, it seems, much loves

A Gallican girl at home; he furnaces

The thick sighs from him."-"Cymbeline," i., 6.

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Long as my exile, sweet as my revenge!
Now, by the jealous queen of heaven, that kiss
I carried from thee, dear; and my true lip
Hath virgined it e'er since."-"Coriolanus," v., 3.
King.
"I entreat you both,
That, being of so young days brought up with him,
And sith so neighboured to his youth and 'haviour,
That you vouchsafe you rest here in our court
Some little time."-"Hamlet," ii., 2.

Montano. "If it hath ruffianed so upon the sea."
"Othello," ii., 1.

And thou shalt summer high in bliss upon the hills of God."
"The Devil's Dream," Thomas Aird.

"That sin by him advantage should achieve,

And lace itself with his society."

Shakspere's "Sonnets," lxvii.

"We figure to ourselves

The thing we like, and then we build it up,
As chance will have it, on the rock or sand:
For Thought is tired of wandering o'er the world,
And home-bound Fancy runs her bark ashore."
Taylor's Philip Van Artevelde," i., 6.

"Once again he earths;
Slipping away to house with them beneath,
His old companions in that hiding-place,-
The bat, the toad. the blind worm, and the newt."
S. Rogers' "Italy," vide Banditti.

"Lamps starred each dusky corridor."
Joanna Buillie's "Henriquez," i., 3.

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And roughly spake

My father, Tut! you know them not, the girls;
Boy! when I hear you prate I almost think

That idiot legend credible."

Tennyson's "The Princess," p. 114.

"Forgiveness may be spoken with the tongue,
Forgiveness may be written by the pen,

But think not that the parchment and mouth pardon
Will e'er eject old hatreds from the heart."

Taylor's "Philip Van Artevelde," ii., 6.

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And looks commercing with the skies."-Milton's "Il Penseroso."

"O wherefore was my birth from heaven foretold

Twice by an angel, who at last, in sight

Of both my parents, all in flames ascended
From off the altar, where an offering burned
As in a fiery column, charioting

His godlike presence?"-Milton's "Samson Agonistes."
"That dies not, but endures the pain,
And slowly forms the firmer mind,
Treasuring the look it cannot find,
The words that are not heard again."

Tennyson's "In Memoriam," xviii.
"A glance I gave-

"No more; but woman-vested as I was

Plunged; and the flood drew, yet I caught her; then
Oaring one arm, and bearing in my left

The weight of all the hopes of half the world,
Strove to buffet to land in vain."

Tennyson's "The Princess," p. 83.

"I looked out on the sunny side of life,

And saw thee summering like a blooming vine
That reacheth globes of wine in at the lattice
By the ripe armful."- Gerald Massey.

III. 3. Transitive verbs used intransitively :

:

"They are the patient sorrows that touch nearest."-Talfourd's "Ion."
"There's no such thing,

It is the bloody bus ness that informs
Thus to mine eyes."-" Macbeth," ii., 2.
"The public weal requires thy service; oaths
Adverse to this do not and should not bind."
Joanna Baillie's "Henriquez," v,

IV. Intransitive verbs used transitively :

1866.

:

"Who is it that says most? which can say more
Than this rich praise, that you alone are you?
In whose confine immurèd is the store
Which should example where your equal grew?"
Shakspere's "Sonnets."

"O first-created beam, and thou great word-
'Let there be light!' and light was over all
Why am I thus bereaved thy prime decree?'
Milton's "Samson Agonistes."
"Sometimes her levelled eyes their carriage ride,
As they did battery to the spheres intend."

Shakspere's "A Lover's Complaint," stanza 4

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"The spirit of the water rides the storm,

And through the mist reveals the terrors of his form."
S. Rogers' "Ode to Superstition."

"Nor wilt thou leave for other bards to sing
The ruthless spirit of the angry flood,
How at grey eve in fell and crafty wood
O'er fen and wood he shakes his foggy wing;
Or when the curfew, with his sullen note,
Unchains, to roam the earth, each elfin sprite."
Collins' " Ode on the Superstitions of the Highlands."

"I felt me worthy of his love, nor doubted
That I should win his heart and wear it too."
Joanna Baillie's "Henriquez," i., 3.

V. Adjectives as verbs, e.g.,

"That use is not forbidden usury,

Which happies those that pay the willing loan."

Shakspere's" Sonnets," vi.

"Till time mature thee to a kingdom's weight."
"Paradise Regained."

"Be opposite, all planets of good luck,

To my proceeding! if with dear heart's love,
Immaculate devotion, holy thoughts,

I tender not thy beauteous, princely daughter."

"Richard III.,” iv., 4.

The reader who has followed our course thus far may feel inclined to consider our extracts proof more than sufficient to secure conviction, and may perhaps, under the influence of the tedium of perusing this roll of instances, exclaim in dudgeon,

"He hath strange places crammed

With observations, the which he vents
In mangled forms."

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We are sorry that it should be so, but all illustrations by quotation must be placed before the reader in mangled forms;' for extract at length would either outrun discretion or fail in effecting the aim of the writer. We shall now pause, reserving for further treatment the matter in our mind concerning Etymological and Rhetorical licence till a more opportune season. Yet let us say that he would ill-judge the intent of our writing who should turn from it with scorn because it deals with "poetic diction." It will be shown hereafter that these usages of speech deserve to be known, not for their poetic interest alone, but for their utility in elucidating many of the anomalies observable in the prose style of our greater authors. Meanwhile we may aver that to get a glimpse of the inner working of the poetic mind from research expended on the outward manifestations it presents, can scarcely fail in being profitable to those who desire to be fully ready for using the distinguishing quality of man-"the discourse of reason."

S. N.

Philosophy.

DOES SCIENCE INDUCE SCEPTICISM?

AFFIRMATIVE ARTICLE. I.

WE think this one of the most important, if not the most im portant, of the questions ever proposed for debate in the pages of our serial. On a due conception of its bearings depend the right estimation of the objects and ultimate limits of physical science, the intrinsic worth of metaphysical science, and the reality or otherwise of man's eternal interests. This being an opening article, we feel ourselves called upon for a little more preliminary matter than would otherwise be required, for the purpose of stating some of the principles underlying the debate-principles which our opponents will find it necessary to controvert successfully before they can lay claim to possessing the truth on the present topic of dispute. If they are at variance with us on these preliminary matters, we ask for corresponding statements on their part, in order to prevent the unpleasantness of discovering at the end that we have been viewing the subject from divergent starting-points. Whilst giving our own definitions of the terms of the debate, we cannot help referring, or rather we should hope we might say, recalling the attention of the readers of the British Controversialist to Mr. Neil's January article on "Literature, Science, and Art," and also to his "Art of Reasoning," for the right conception of science, a clear insight into the principles of proof, and the relation of speculative inquiry to the intellectual development of the human race.

Absolute proof, when once attained, must be immutable, incontrovertible, indivisible. According to some thinkers a philosophic criterion of truth is not possible: by the principles of the illuminist and rationalist it is implied that clearness is the measure of truth; but we think that truth is not established by any one criterion, but by several conjoint criteria, such as intuition, testimony, induction, &c. With religious truth, however, we think the case is somewhat different. A careful consideration of its nature has at length led us to conclude, that to satisfy a recipient of the truth of the profoundest subjects upon which mankind have ever been called to think, another specifically different principle is required, and that principle, for lack of a better term, we call inward conviction ; but whether it is an emotion, or a state of consciousness, or akin to conscience, we are not prepared to dispute. And we so affirm because we find that the most acute reasoning of the sages of old

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