health, the second for pleasure, the third for shame, the fourth for madness; but in youth there is not so much as one draught permitted; for it putteth fire to fire, and wasteth the natural heat of the body. And, therefore, except thou desire to hasten thine end, take this for a general rule, that thou never add any artificial heat to thy body, by wine or spice, until thou find that time hath decayed thy natural heat; and the sooner thou beginnest to help nature, the sooner she will forsake thee, and trust altogether to art."

The young man, who, entering on the career of active life, chooses fancy and folly for his guides, who gives a loose rein to the extravagance of every desire, and pushes on his jaded passions through scenes of dissipation and riot, which the frailty of his nature is unable to support, will soon, in the infirmities and lassitude of a premature old age, feel emphatically the error of his conduct; and, in the disgusts and diseases which spring from intemperance, will endure a punishment more than sufficient to overbalance the joys of his life. But he, on the other hand, who, when entering upon life, submits to the directions of religion, and enjoys with moderation the pleasures that are incidental to it, will gently glide down the declivity of life, the lamp of existence burning clearly to the last.

An appeal to fact will furnish many striking illustrations of the preceding remarks. Individual characters daily unfold the melancholy propensities that are lodged in the human heart, and which develop themselves in every branch of conduct. The young, the profligate, and the inexperienced, by indulging passion, give birth to infirmities which accompany them through life, and by sad experience

They find that pleasure pays not half the pain.

Happily, however, virtue has many advocates. A life of temperance ensures its own reward. It gives serenity to its possessor, while running his mortal career, and smooths the passage that leads through the grave from time to eternity.

The following ingenious contrivance of Dr. Lettsom, presents a striking view of the effects of temperance and intemperance, on the conduct and constitution of mankind :

MORAL AND PHYSICAL

THERMOMETER;

OR, A

SCALE OF THE PROGRESS

OF

TEMPERANCE AND INTEMPERANCE.

LIQUORS, with their EFFECTS in their usual Order.

The following lines in praise of temperance are from the pen of Mr. Graves:

The man that leads a sober life,
Obsequious to his careful wife,

Abstains from all high-season'd food,
And drinks no more than does him good;

He needs no case of costly drams,
No hamper stuff'd with tongues or hams;
Much less the pills that quacks may puff,
Nor pois'nous draughts of doctors' stuff!
Whether through half-starv'd France he goes,
Or traversing th' unmelting snows
That crown the Alps and Apennines,
Or tempts the Volga's barbarous flood,
Where Tartars feed on horses' blood.

For late, on my return to college,
The seat of temperance and knowledge,
A spotted fiend, with fevers arm'd,
And poisonous breath, the town alarm'd;
No lynx or leopard fiercer ranges
Amongst the Hindoos or the Ganges,
Or haunts the much-fam'd banks of Nile,
Where lurks the treach'rous crocodile :

Yet, taking Temp'rance to my aid,
Undaunted through close lanes I stray'd,
And brav'd the monster, void of fear,
And found no food for fevers here.

Place me amidst th' eternal frost
That reigns on Lapland's desert coast,
Where not a flower, or cheerful green,
Or scarce a cabbage-green is seen;
But clouds, and fogs, and darkness drear,
Obscure and sadden half the year.

Place me beneath the torrid zone,
Where scarce a crazy hut is known,
To Temperance while my vows I pay,
And sing her praise and offspring gay;
Fair health my cares shall still beguile,
And sweetly prattle, sweetly smile.

Moderate enjoyments contribute to health in the following ways: by stimulating the solids, and quickening the fluid circulations; by a relaxation of the

muscles and fibres too strongly agitated, and by a moderated motion of those that have lain too long inactive, by the freer inhaling and exhaling of the outward air, infusing new life and new powers into the whole frame. And this frequently is better effected by walking abroad, recreating journeys, company, conversation, diversions, dancing, convivial entertainments, and the like, than by merely mental pleasures; under which our bodies would sink, at least in their present state, were they not relieved by such alternate changes. Nor do our bodies stand more in need of refreshment and recreation, than our minds. By judicious indulgence, its faculties are diverted from the austere and grave duties of life to lighter sentiments and impressions; acquiring thereby renewed nerve and vigour, which enable it effectually to contend with the difficulties and disappointments inseparable from human nature.

The gratifications of Sense are undoubtedly real pleasures, and when regular and harmless, are worthy of the consideration and pursuit of man; but far purer, far nobler, are the pleasures of the mind and the heart, those which arise from the knowledge of truth, the discharge of our duty; beneficence towards our brethren, advancement in goodness; communion with God, and the animating prospect of a better life. The pleasures of Sense we hold in common with the beasts of the field; the pleasures of intellect connect us with superior intelligences, with the Deity himself. The former frequently leave disgust and pain behind them; the latter are as beneficial as they are innocent, and never lose their value nor their sweetness. Let not, therefore, the pleasures of Sense impede the acquisition of those of the intellect; let not sensuality, but reason, be our guide in the pursuit of happiness; and let us prize that which satisfies the mind and cheers the heart, far above all that flatters the senses, and contributes merely to the gratification of the body.

It's no in titles nor in rank;

It's no in wealth like Lon'on bank;
To purchase peace and rest;

It's no in making muckle mair:
It's no in books: it's no in lear,
To make us truly blest:
If happiness hae not her seat
And centre in the breast,
We may be wise, or rich, or great,
But never can be blest:

Nae treasures, nor pleasures,
Could make us happy lang;
The heart aye's the part ay,

That makes us right or wrang.

BURNS.

The late ingenious Franklin laid down for himself the following rules for his conduct through life; and with them we shall conclude our opinions on the gratifications of Sense :

1. Temperance.-Eat not to dulness; drink not to elevation.

2. Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation.

3. Order.-Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time.

4. Resolution.-Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve.

5. Frugality. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself, i. e. waste nothing.

6. Industry-Lose no time; be always employed in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.

7. Sincerity.-Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly; and, if you speak, speak accordingly.

8. Justice.-Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty.

9. Moderation.-Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve.

10.

Cleanliness.-Tolerate no uncleanlinesss no uncleanlinesss in body, clothes, or habitation.

11. Tranquillity.-Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable.

12. Chastity.-Indulge not but for health or offspring; never to dulness or weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation.

13. Humility.-Imitate Jesus and Socrates