EDUCATION AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. CHAPTER I. EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE INTRODUCTION. THE origin, nomenclature, and early peculiarities of the systems, institutions, and methods of instruction adopted in the original colonies, which now constitute a portion of the United States of America, will be found in the educational institutions and practices of the countries from which these colonies were settled-modified by the education, character, motives of emigration, and necessities of the settlers themselves. and legacies were made for the endowment of this institution of learning. In 1619, the Governor for the time being was instructed by the company to see "that each town, borough, and hundred procured by just means a certain number of their children to be brought up in the first elements of literature; that the most towardly of them should be fitted for college, in the building which they purposed to proceed as soon as any profit arose from the estate appropriated to that use; and they earnestly required their help in that pious and important work." In 1621, Rev. Mr. Copeland, chaplain of the Royal James, on The earliest effort to establish an education- her arrival from the East Indies, prevailed al institution in the English dominions in on the ship's company to subscribe £100 America, was made under the auspices of toward a "free schoole" in the colony of King James I, and by contributions of mem- Virginia, and collected other donations in bers of the Church of England from 1618 to money and books for the same purpose. 1623. In a letter addressed to the Arch- The school was located in Charles City, as bishops, he authorizes them to invite the being most central for the colony, and was members of the Church throughout the king- called the "East India School." The comdom to assist "those undertakers of that pany allotted one thousand acres of land, with Plantation [Virginia], with the erecting of five servants and an overseer, for the maintensome churches and schools for the education ance of the master and usher. The inhabitants of the children of those barbarians" [the made a contribution of £1500 to build a house, Aborigines] and of the colonists. Under for which workmen were sent out in 1622. these instructions, a sum of £1500 was col- The "college" and "free school" thus lected for the erection of a building for a col-projected and partially endowed were in the lege at Henrico-a town whose foundations, or site even, cannot now be certainly determined, but which according to the best authorities was situated near Varina on Cox's Island, about fifty miles above Jamestown. Authority was given by the Company to the Gov-richer inhabitants" of Boston in 1636 subernor to set apart 10,000 acres of land for scribed toward "the maintenance of a free the support of the college, and one hun- schoolmaster," and the same as, according to dred colonists were sent from England to Governor Winthrop, in his journal, was erectoccupy and cultivate the same, who were to ed in Roxbury in 1645, and other towns, and receive a moiety of the produce as the profit for which every inhabitant bound some of their labor, and to pay the other moiety house or land for a yearly allowance fortoward the maintenance of the college. In ever, and many benevolently disposed per1620, George Thorpe was sent out as super-sons left legacies in their last wills, and the intendent, and 300 acres of land was set towns made "an allowance out of the comapart for his sustenance. Other donations mon stock," or set apart a portion of land style of the "college" and "free school" and the "free grammar school” of England, and were intended to be of the same character as the college afterward established at Cambridge, and the institution for which "the |