Immanuel Kant: Critical Assessments

accord with duty action from duty adopt animals apply argues argument autonomy Beck beneficence categorical imperative choice CI-procedure claim conception contradiction Critique of Practical defined determined distinction Doctrine of Virtue duties to oneself empirical ends essay example fact faculty of desire follows formulation freedom Groundwork Grundlegung heteronomous highest human hypothetical imperatives ibid idea imperfect duty inclinations inconsistent interpretation intuitionism justified Kant says Kant's ethics Kant's moral Kant's view Kantian kind Lewis White Beck maxim means merely metaphysic of morals moral judgement moral law moral philosophy moral principles moral worth motive mutual aid non-beneficence notion objectively valid obligation one's Onora O'Neill perfect person position possible priori procedure pure practical reason pure reason rational agents regard Religion requires revolution sense sort specific intentions suggests supererogatory synthetic propositions teleological things trans transcendental treat unconditioned underlying intention universal law universality test universalizable virtue ethics