Forensic Facial Reconstruction

Front Cover
Cambridge University Press, May 13, 2004 - Law - 290 pages
Forensic facial reconstruction is the reproduction of an individual's face from skeletal remains. Used when other forms of identification are very difficult or impossible, it can give a name to the dead in forensic cases, or in archaeological contexts, provide a tangible impression of real individuals from our past. This comprehensive work starts with a discussion of the importance of the face in society and the history of facial reconstruction, going on to evaluate the accuracy of modern reconstruction methods. The Manchester method of facial reconstruction, and the relationships between the hard and soft tissues of the face are described in detail. Uniquely, it also describes the methods and problems associated with reconstructing the faces of children. Collating all published facial tissue data and describing tissue variations with reference to age, sex, stature and ethnic origin, this book will be an important reference volume for all practitioners in the field.
 

Contents

The human face
5
The importance of the face
7
Facial beauty
15
Facial structure
20
Facial recognition
26
The history of facial reconstruction
39
Early attempts at facial reconstruction
45
The development of techniques
48
Differences in facial tissues related to nutritional condition
141
Differences in facial tissues related to age
145
Differences in facial tissues related to ethnic origin
146
The importance of tissue depth measurements to the accuracy of facial reconstruction
149
The Manchester method of facial reconstruction
157
The casting procedure
173
Facial reconstruction procedure
174
The accuracy of facial reconstruction
200

Computerised facial reconstruction
62
The skull
69
Age determination
70
Sex determination
78
Racial origin determination
82
Other factors determined from the skull
91
The relationship between hard and soft tissues of the face
94
The general face shape
102
The nose
103
The eyes
110
The mouth
114
The chin
119
Facial tissue depth measurement
124
History
126
Early attempts using cadavers
201
Qualitative studies
204
Quantitative studies
209
Juvenile facial reconstruction
220
Juvenile sex determination
227
Juvenile racial origin determination
229
Juvenile tissue depth measurement
231
Juvenile facial reconstruction method
249
The accuracy of juvenile facial reconstruction
252
References
260
Select bibliography
281
Index
284
Copyright

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About the author (2004)

CAROLINE WILKINSON is a Facial Anthropologist and Unit Manager of the Unit of Art in Medicine at the University of Manchester.

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