Nantwich-E. Jones; Stockport-T. Claye Trillar Miscellany, from which religious and political matters are excluded, contains a variety of original and selected Articles; comprehending Literature, Criticism, Men and Manners No. 161.-NEW SERIES. Literature, Criticism, &c. TO THE Editor. SIR.-The Kaleidoscope occasionally amuses many of its readers with enigmatical productions, of considerable merit in that way; the knowledge of which circumstance emboldens the author of this letter to offer this singular paradoxical piece to your future notice at some convenient opportunity; I here mean the celebrated riddle of Elia Lelia Crispis, which was found engraven upon a marble about the middle of the seventeenth century at Bolognia. This perplexing and paradoxical puzzle has, since its discovery, attracted the attention of many ingenious men in various parts of Europe. In consequence of their labours, we meet with nearly fifty solutions. Perhaps the two best of these suppose Elia Lælia Crispis to denote the Rational woul and the Christian Church; but it appears to me, the jädle will adinit of a fuller and more satisfactory answer, we suppose this imaginary female to be descriptive of the downfal of idolatry. I will therefore take the liberty to repeat this singular production in the original language. THE BOLOGNIAN ENIGMA. D. M. Alia Lælia Crispis: Nec puella, nec juvenis, Nec casta, nec meretrix, Neque fame, neque ferro, Neque veneno; Sed omnibus: Sed ubique jacet, Hane, Nec molem, nec pyramidem, Nec sepulchrum, Sed omnia, Seit et nescit cul posuerit. Lancaster-G. Bentham; Manchester-Richardson & SII- Ormskirk-W. Garside; TUESDAY, JULY 29, 1823. apply to the multiplicity of imaginary gods, which con- Query. Can this be a cippus or monument? His POLITE LITERATURE. G. Preston-P. Whittle; J. Brown; Wrexham-J. Painter; York-W.Alexander. VOL. IV.-PRICE 34d. Others there are, who would avoid this error by letting the child run wild to the age of puberty: and the eloquent, but visionary, Rousseau, has employed all the fascinations of language and fancy, to recommend this system-of leaving the intellectual faculties inactive as long as possible, that they may at length be called to the most effectual exercise. According to this theory, "if we could but bring up our pupil healthy and robust to the age of twelve years, without his being able to distinguish his right hand from his left, the eyes of his understanding would be open to reason at our first lesson; and he would become under proper instructions the wisest of men." If this were so, what a rare philosopher might have been formed out of the savage of Avignon! I formerly knew a gentleman, who followed Rousseau's plan in bringing up his son. I very early warned him of the probable result; and had afterwards abundant opportunities of seeing my predictions verified. The youth, who seemed to labour under no inferiority of natural unIt is not then unreasonable to suppose, that the child at derstanding, and had grown up to the age of twelve or eight years of age is so far acquainted with his mother thirteen without knowing even his letters-when an attongue as to be able to read it with correctness and facility, tempt was afterwards made to educate him, proved wholly and to know some of the principles of general grammar. unequal to the attention and mental exercise requisite in Now I ask, in what branch of study can he be employed abstract reasoning. I saw him once brought, by great more profitably, from that period till the age of fourteen, exertion, to perceive the inference-that two lines, of than in the study of the Greek and Latin tongues? Child- which one was neither greater nor less than the other, must hood is peculiarly the age for learning the elements of be equal. I believe it was the first rational inference, the languages. The elements of languages can at that time force of which he ever discerned; and I believe it was the be effectually taught; and in acquiring the knowledge of last. Having succeeded in producing any motion in the them the youthful mind is exercised and cultivated, and wheels of the intellectual machine, I entertained a hope stored with ideas, and trained to skill in using an instru- that they might receive a continued progressive impulse. ment the most extensively important, whatever be the But I soon perceived, that his mind, as if exhausted by future objects to which the attention may be directed ;— ;-the effort, sunk back to its former state of motionless the most important in its connexion both with accurate inactivity. thinking, and with the clear and elegant communication of our thoughts. The moderate, but regular, application of two hours a day, under a proper method of instruction, would be sufficient, I am bold to assert, for conveying to the child, during the period which I have specified, such a knowledge of the languages of Greece and Rome, as would render the further study of their writers a matter of elegant enjoyment to his ripening taste, and delightful improvement to his maturer judgment. Indeed it is hard to say, which is more injurious to the intellect of children, the total neglect of early culture, or a culture excessive in degree, and ill-adapted in its kind to the tenderness of early life. As the latter exhausts the soil, and produces a growth as unhealthy and ill-formed, as it is premature; so the general consequence of the former is a rigidness of texture, which defies future cultivation. And it is worthy of observation, that the study of languages is that, to which the mind in very early But if we exclude the classics from the general system of childhood appears most competent; which, in its first The paradox itself proves Lælia Crispis not to have liberal education, what can we effect during the same elements, exercises the attention and the memory, while, a single human being, but a society or denomination period in the cultivation of science? Shall we proceed in the progress of interpretation, it employs thought, calls because the character described was neither man, to make the child of eight years old a philosopher?—Yes; forth the ingenuity of research, multiplies the ideas, onor hermaphrodite; neither maid, young man, I am aware that some of our modern reformers conceive larges the views, informs the judgment, and refines the doman; neither matron, harlot, nor chaste; but the notion, of teaching children geometry, and astronomy, taste. these. This part of the description can only be and chemistry, and geology, and I know not what. But led to reason, by supposing the character here por- it is a preposterous and cruel notion, founded in ignorance, edbe a sect or denomination. The following hint both of the human mind, and of the sciences, which these the enigmatist, which declares the ubiquity of the smatterers in literature profess to patronise. We must cal lady, points pretty clearly to Idolatry; for she wait for the progress of nature to develop and strengthen ast by famine, nor by the sword, nor poison, but by the intellectual powers; and if we attempt by injudicious them; and she lies neither in heaven, nor on the culture to force the fruit of science, we can at most obtain thor in the sea, but every where; which seems to a production crude and noxious; and we bid fair to destroy for an English translation, see notes to correspondents. the mental faculties by overstraining them, But let it also be observed, that the time which I pro pose allotting to the acquisition of the learned languages, can by no means interfere with any other objects, which may be supposed suited to the age of childhood. For the prosecution of other studies, one or two hours more in each day, during the same period, would be found amply sufficient; and during childhood, I would never extend the time of application to business beyond four hours in the day. Writing, English reading, History, Geo graphy, and Chronology (as far as connected with the two latter) one or more of these I suppose to form part of the daily employment; while some of them may be taught in such a form, as will contribute to the amusement and relaxation of the pupil. In the course also of English reading, a considerable acquaintance with facts in Natural History may be formed: and I am aware, that under proper masters, a child may, in his walks, be usefully led to distinguish various objects in the vegetable and mineral kingdoms; so far at least, as to be familiar with the leading characters of the principal classes. Yet I confess, that I value these acquirements, at the early period of which I speak, rather as calculated to awaken a spirit of accurate and attentive observation, than for the immediate observation which they convey. Chit Chat. Another evil, connected with the former, though appa- | inquiries, the visitor goes up. In Madrid the high rently of an opposite nature, is, the number of holidays classes chiefly live up stairs. The ground-floor apa so called, and the length of vacations which boys are al- ments are all assigned to the use of the servants a kitchen, or are stored with lumber. lowed in most schools. This contributes to impress on (To be continued.) their minds the sentiment, that absolute idleness is enjoyment; a sentiment as unfounded in truth, as it is pernicious in its influence on the future habits. It, besides, accustoms them to that kind of desultory ap. plication, by fits and starts, which never can supply the place of regular diligence. A course of uniform daily study, attentively pursued, and therefore moderately continued, is that which alone can ensure effectual progress; and that which, so far from impeding, promotes enjoyment. (To be continued.) The Traveller. [From the Literary Gazette.] QUIN'S VISIT TO SPAIN. [Continued from our last.] The author's descriptions of Madrid, the meetings of the Cortes, the debates of the Landaburians, the street tumults, the theatres and amusements, the situation of the Royal family, and other circumstances of a memorable epoch, are all highly interesting; but though we could enlarge our review with many excellent selections from these pages, we are induced to limit ourselves to the shortest specimens on one or two points. But there is one branch of science-science strictly so called the elements of which I am persuaded are level to the capacity of a child; and I consider the neglect of it as a great and lamentable defect, in our system of liberal education. I mean Arithmetic: not that art of technical calculation, which commonly goes under the name; but the science of numbers, considered as a branch of mathematics. I know not any class of ideas with which the mind may be sooner made familiar than those of number; nor any about which it may sooner be engaged with much advantage, in close reasoning. The thing taught as arithmetic in mercantile schools, is unworthy of the name of science; and even to this, in classical schools, little or no attention is paid; which, I am convinced, is the reason why so many students in the university find insuperable "December. The mornings and evenings of the winters difficulties in Geometry and Analytics.-If I might pre- winter is considered salubrious: here it is the contrary; In England a cold in Madrid are usually very cold. same to suggest a hint to the heads of that learned body, for Madrid is seated so high over the level of the sea, that I would say, that the remedy of this evil might well de- its atmosphere is very thin; and a cold northern wind, serve their consideration; and that it might be remedied, which seems scarcely strong enough to extinguish a lemp, by their introducing into the schools a system of scientific pierces to the heart, and not unfrequently freezes the very Arithmetic, which should combine familiarity of illus-this excessive cold, are common; and so rapid is their prosources of life. Pulmonary complaints, brought on by tration with a method strictly demonstrative. The use of gress, that the sufferer is carried to his grave in three or such a treatise might easily be enforced in the classical four days. Sometimes these imperceptible blasts act on schools, by their including it in the course of examinaton the limbs exposed to them like a palsy, and they are the more dangerous, as they chiefly haunt the atmosphere imrequisite for admission into college. mediately after a brilliant and warm sun has left it. Hence it is, that in this season the Spaniards are seen usually muffled up to the eyes in their cloaks. By covering the lower part of the countenance they breathe a warn air, a precaution that is almost indispensible to their safety. Their lungs are generally bad; and this must be the case so long as they continue their deplorable custom of smoking cigars. The cigars most commonly used are nothing more than eight or ten grains of coarse tobacco, wrapped up in a small square of white paper. It is not tobacco, in fact, which they chiefly smoke, but paper, which every body knows is impregnated with an oil that is more or less poisonous. The oil of yellow letter-paper is a rapid and rancorous poison, and though many Spaniards know this, they continue the habit. The mention of this leads me to not the most grateful part of my subject; to point out some other particulars, in which the present system of classical education does seem to me to impede the progress of science and of general literature. This is an ungrateful task; in which nothing but the paramount consideration of public utility could induce me to engage. But most of the particulars which I shall notice, are such as admit of an easy remedy; and are but the accidental imperfections of a system, which I value as radically good, and would lament to see displaced by any of the visionary theories of modern reformers. The first evil I would mark is, the extravagant length of time in each day, for which children are kept in school. I leave it to the medical profession to determine, how far so much confinement is consistent with the health and vigour of their bodies. The objections which I advance against it are two: First, that it tends to give them a distaste to study-a relish for which it ought to be one great object of liberal education to form: Secondly, that it promotes a habit of mental indolence and inattention during the periods of study, than which no habit is more unfavourable to literary progress. The child cannot, in the nature of things, have his mind actively engaged for so many hours, as he is obliged to have his books and papers before him. But he must in general seem to be engaged; and he therefore lounges, and dreams over his books and papers. Half the time, or less, would be sufficient to finish his assigned task: but, from this very circumstance, he is often led to give no real application to it from first to last. It may perhaps be more easy to point out this evil, than to find a remedy for it, as long as that observation of the Roman satyrist shall remain true-res nulla minoris constabit patri, quam filius. But parents may be assured, that their children might make much greater progress in literature, if the time they nominally spend in study were much less. (From a Correspondent.) A DINNER GIVEN BY A LADY. First Course.-1. The most material part of a m fried. 2. A soldier's staf boiled. 3. A biockhead bache 4. A melancholy soup. 5. The unruly member boile 6. One of the signs of the Zodiac buttered. 7. Ak woman roasteil. Second Course.-1. The Grand Seignor's domini roasted in chains. 2. The food of Israel garnished w perpetual motion. 3. A thing of no consequence. Eve's temptation, with a blast of wind. 5. The or mental part of the head roasted. 6. A round unmean thing. A Dessert.-1. A Dutch Prince. 2. What a wo seldom gives. 3. To feel or grieve with Eve's temptati 4. A musical instrument. 5. Married folks. 6. Runn streams. Wines.-1. High hill. 2. A province in Fran 3. A soldier's nabitation. 4. A bag. 5. An island the Atlantic. 6. The sailor's delight. H And after dinner the gentlemen played at the hindof a hog. Everton July 16, 1823. The solution to the above will be sent next week. LUNATIC INGENUITY. If the following incident is not already familiar to readers as it is to us, it may arause them. If it really recently occur as here stated at Lancaster, it is only cond-hand edition of a very old joke. A very laughable incident recently occurred at Lunatic Asylum at Lancaster. A parish office f the neighbourhood of Middleton, took a lunatic ta Asylum, pursuant to an order signed by two magist As the man was respectably connected, a gig was hir the purpose, and he was persuaded that it was ment excursion of pleasure on which he was going. I course of the journey, however, something occurs arouse the suspicions of the lunatic with respect to his destination; but he said nothing on the subject, ma resistance, and seemed to enjoy bis jaunt. When arrived at Lancaster, it was too late in the evening to ceed to the Asylum, and they took up their quarte the night at an inn. Very early in the morning the tic got up, and searched the pockets of the officer, wh found the magistrates' order for his own detention, of course, let him completely into the secret. With cunning which madmen not unfrequently display, be the best of his way to the Asylum, saw one of the ke and told him that he had got a sad mad fellow do The street of Alcala, superb in every other respect, is Lancaster, whom he should bring up in the course inconvenient for pedestrians, on account of the narrowness day; adding, "He's a very queer fellow, and has g of the foot-way, and the roughness of the pavement. In odd ways. For instance, I should not wonder if snowy or rainy weather this inconvenience is much in- to say I was the inadman, and that he was bringin creased, as the footway is placed exactly under the pipes but you must take care of him, and not believe which convey the water from the roots of the houses. that he says." The keeper of course promised o These pipes project a little from the parapets, and the col-ance, and the lunatic walked back to the inn, wh lected rain falls from their heights on the footway below; found the overseer still fast asleep. He awoke hir the simple addition of a perpendicular conduit either not they sat down to breakfast together. "You're a v having been thought of, or having been deemed too ex- fellow to be lying all day. I have had a good lar pensive. A want of cleanliness is also as observable in this morning.' Indeed," said the overscer, "I the streets of Madrid as in those of Paris. The ante-hall like to have a walk myself after breakfast. Perina of the principal houses is generally left exposed to every will go with me." The lunatic assented, and after blishes in it her little stall for bread and fruit, and asses' Asylum, intending to deliver his charge; but it sort of passenger. Sometimes a poor old woman esta fast they set out, the overseer leading the way towa milk; but this is no safeguard against its violation. In- occurred to him to examine whether his order wa deed, the proprietors invite every sort of disagreeable When they got within sight of the Asylum, the odour, as immediately within the large front door, or exclaimed, "What a fine house that is!" Y rather gate, accommodations are constructed which at- the overseer, "I should like to see the inside of it. tract the passenger from the street. should I," observed the lunatic. "Well," said th I dare say they will let us look, through: bowcy ask." They went to the door, the overseer rang and the keeper whom the lunatic had previously se his appearance with two or three assistants. Th when the lunatic produced and gave it to the keep seer then began to fumble in his pockets for th ing, "This is the man I spoke to you about, take care of him; shave his head, and put a strai coat on him." The men immediately laid hand "Beyond the front door, which is generally open, there is an interior one, which is as generally closely shut. If a visitor desires to go in, he pulls a rope, which hangs near the door, and rings a bell. A servant appears at a his business; after which he is admitted to the interior of small, square, grated aperture in the door, and demands the house. In the highest order of houses a porter gene. rally attends in the ante-hall: but in these cases the stairs ascend directly from the ante-hall, and, after the usual 66 A SLAVE AUCTION. [Extracted from “ Remarks during a journey in North America," by an Englishman-published in the Christian Observer for October, 1822] But the real plague-spot of Charleston, S. C. is its slave population, and the mixture of gaiety and splendour with misery and degradation, is too incongruous, not to arrest the attention even of the superficial. It always reminded me of the delicate pink peach-blossoms which surround is, however, one remaining gem which bears testimony to this transcendent genius, in the collection at Fonthill Abbey. It consists of a cup hollowed out with vast labour from one of the largest known blocks of Hungarian topaz. The shape is an oval, with green enamelled dragon handles, supported on a tripod of dragons of the same materials. The handles and the feet are very thickly studded with diamonds, rubies, emeralds, sapphires, and other precious stones. It is said to have been executed and intended as a marriage present to Catherine Cornaro. There is an anecdote told at Fonthill, that Mr. Beckford, to obtain only a sight of this magnificent cup, gave a hundred guineas. Its estimated value is said to be four thousand guineas. Population of the principal Cities of Hindostan.-The following is an approximate estimate of the principal cities of Hindostan : Benares. Lucknow. Moorshedabad Pound 600,000 Ahmedabad Mirzapore Bareilly 450,000 300,000 200,000 Agra 260,000 180,000 170,000 150,000 Chupra. Bangalore Broach 100,000 160,000 70.660 69,000 60,069 60,000 54,000 50,000 43,000 40,060 33,000 30,000 30,000 Nagpoor per overseer, who vociferated loudly that the other Anecdote of a Sailor.-His name was Jean Papineau, the madman, and he the keeper; but as this only and he was a scaman belonging to Captain Defaud's ship, geted to confirm the story previously told by the lunatic, employed in one of her boats trading between Porto Nova d not at all tend to procure his liberation. He was and Wydah. The boat had arrived at Wydah, the officer taken away, and became so very obstreperous, that a strait commanding which reported, that, soon after he got under istent was speedily put upon him, and his head was weigh from Porto Nova, a tornado came on, and that, grid ecundum artem. Meanwhile the lunatic walked while Papineau was in the act of furling the topsail, he dalberately back to the inn, paid the reckoning, and set fell overboard. It was about eight o'clock in the evening ert on his journey homeward. The good people in the when the accident occurred; and the wind blew with so country were, of course, not a little surprised on finding much violence, that it was some time before the man was Le wrong man return; they were afraid that the lunatic, missed, and his fate known to his officer; and no doubt whatba fit of frenzy, had murdered the overseer; and they ever was entertained by him but that he had perished. He, aled him, with great trepidation, what he had done with however, by great muscular power, and skill in swimming, Done with him," said the madmen, "why, was enabled to keep himself above water all night without left him at Lancaster Asylum, as mad as h-1;" which, any extraneous aid, and he was picked up at six o'clock indeed, was not very far from the truth, for the wits of the following morning, by the ship Liverpool Hero's boat, the poor overseer were well nigh overset by his unexpected about a quarter of a mile from the shore, in safety, without detention and subsequent treatment. Further inquiry any assistance whatever. Joy at seeing him, and liberty ww forthwith made; it was ascertained that the man was and equality being the order of the day, he was imme-Calcutta acally in the Asylum. A magistrate's order was pro-diately placed at the dinner table, with a bottle of claret Surat.. and for his liberation, and he returned home on Wed- before him, when he related to the company what his feel- Madras say se'nnight, with a handkerchief tied round his head, ings and resources were during his perilous situation. The in leu of the covering which nature had bestowed upon tornado had come on with unusual violence just when he had got the sail secured, and he said that he was literally blown overboard, and fell into the water about a foot clear of the vessel's side. He called out, but the wind and sea made too much noise for him to be heard, and the vessel was quickly out of sight, scudding before the storm. He was aware that he was only three or four miles from the shore, and being an excellent swimmer, he was determined to struggle for his life. Sharks alone gave him any uneasiness, but even them he was determined to contend with. Sailors, in order to secure their knives, fasten them by lanyards, either to the flaps of their trowsers' pockets, or round their neck. Papineau's was secured to his neck, and the possession of this weapon (which fortunately he had no occasion to use) gave him confidence against the tiger of the deep. Soon after he got into the water, he divested himself of his shirt and trowsers, and tied his handkerchief about his head; the tornado continued to blow strong for an hour, when the wind veered to the northward, and blew fresh from the land during the greater part of the night, which retarded his progress to the shore. He swain towards it, as nearly as he could calculate, about half an hour at a time, and that alternately on his back, and on his stomach, when he would rest himself by remaining nearly motionless on his back for as long a period, with his head generally as he supposed towards the shore; and he often fancied that he had made much greater progress towards it than proved to be the case: for the wind blowing from the land, and his ear being nearly on a level with the water, caused the sound of the surf roaring on the beach to be sometimes so audible, as to give The Emperor of Morocco's ambassador, in the reign of him the impression of his being just about to enter it, Charles the Second, visiting, among other places, Westwhen he would renew his exertion of swimming, and be minster Hall, asked his interpreter, What was the prodisappointed in the result. His remaining so long in the fession of the gentlemen walking up and down in it?" water as ten hours, and without any support but what he who replied, "The law." The ambassador seemed to be derived from his own exertion, appears almost fabulous; alarmed at the reply; and shaking his head at the vast and can only be accounted for by his superior muscular multitude of professors, said, "That in his master's dostrength and self possession, being aided by the tempera-minions, although infinitely more extensive, there were ture of the water approaching that of his body, by which but two of that profession allowed, one of whom the Emmeans heat was but slowly (if at all) abstracted from it; peror had been obliged lately to hang, to preserve peace the specific gravity also of sea water being in all probability and good humour among his people; and the other he considerably augmented near the equator by excessive always kept chained up, to prevent his doing mischief." evaporation, his body floated in it without much muscular What would have been the sentiments of that ambassador exertion being required. in these times, when, for every single lawyer then, there are now at least fifty? them. the black hovels of the slaves on the plantations. I shall never forget my feelings on being present, for the first time, at a sale of human flesh, which took place here in a public street through which I was passing the other day. Turning from a fashionable promenade, enlivened by gay parties and glittering equipages, I came suddenly sight of at least 80 or 100 negroes, sitting on a large Leap of paving stones; some with most melancholy and consolate faces, and others with an air of vacancy and apathy, apparently insensible to what was passing around Several merchants and planters were walking al, examining the unhappy creatures who were to be tired for sale. A poor woman, apparently about 29 years of age, with a child at her breast, her two little boys, Tom eight to six years old, and her little girl about eight, mposed the first lot. They were mounted on a plat, with the auctioneer, taking hold of each others and the little boys looking up at their mother's with an air of curiosity, as if they wondered what make her look so sad. The mother then spoke a words in a faltering voice to the auctioneer, who rethem aloud, in which she expressed a strong desire purchased by some one who lived near Charleston, of being sent to a distant plantation. They We then put up like cattle, with all the ordinary auction ng, and finally knocked down at 350 dollars round. As as they came down from the platform many of the res crowded around the mother, inquiring if she w who had bought her, or whither she was going; all that she knew of her future destiny was, 1 new owner had obtained possession of her and oring for 350 dollars each. I could not stay to repetition of the hateful process on the person of a abourer, who composed the next lot, and who apderressed and dejected beyond what I had conThe melancholy feelings with which I quitted cone, were not diminished by the reflection, that it antry which first transported the poor African to western shores; that it was when they were the of a British colony that slavery was first introduced urn ships, British capital, and with the sanction 4 couragement of a British parliament. Would ld forget that in a single year (1753) no less woD slaves were introduced into America, by ared and one vessels belonging to Liverpool alone! att efforts of many of the American states to aboimportation of slaves, were long defeated by Degative, which was put on those acts of the Legislature which had for their sole object the exof the slave-trade; and that Burke was but too asted in stating in Parliament, that "the refusal Atenea to deal any more in the inhuman traffic of ares, was one of the causes of her quarrel with Gruzin!" Would that I could forget that if Ame**ill her slave-holding states, we see Britons have stave-holding colonies; and that in neither the Ar the other has one step yet been taken towards the afuranon, however remote, of the injured African! Cardinal Viviers.-John de Brogni (Cardinal Viviers) who presided at the Council of Constance, as Dean of the Monks passing by the place where he was busied in that Cardinals, had in his youth been a hog-driver: some mean employment, and taking notice of his wit and vivacity, offered to carry him to Rome, and bring him up to study. The boy accepted their offer, and went to a shoemaker to purchase a pair of shoes for his journey. The shoemaker trusted him part of the price; and told him, smiling, he should pay the rest when he was made a Cardinal. He became a Cardinal in reality, and did not forget his former low condition, but took care to perpetuate the remembrance of it by building a chapel opposite the gate of St. Peter's Church, at Geneva, in which he caused this adventure to be carved in stone, where he is represented young and bare-footed, keeping hogs, under a tree, and all around the wall are figures of shoes to express the favour he received from the shoemaker. This monu. ment is still in good preservation at Geneva. The Law.-[Communicated by a Manchester correspondent.] Petrifuctions.--As the fishermen belonging to the salmon fishery at St. Andrew's, were lately returning from adjusting their nets, one of them picked up from a hole or cavity in the sand, what he supposed to be a piece of a broken spar, and carried it to the salmon house. Bailie Mitchell, one of the proprietors of the fishery, and another gentleman, happening to be present at the time, upon looking at it, were struck with its uncommon appearance, and the fishermen willingly ceded it at the request of the Bailie, in whose hands it now remains. It was immediately brought to St. Andrew's, and after being properly washed, and submitted to minute inspection, has been ascertained to be a petrifaction, or rather an incrustation, of a musket or match-lock, into a solid mass. Notwithstanding the adhesion and incorporation of various kinds of shells, and other marine substances, which render it a great natural curiosity, the stock, barrel, and ramrod, can be distinctly traced from the muzzle downwards, with the keepers and pins that attach them together; and although the but-end is not so entire, having been either broken or wasted from the great length of time it must have lain embedded in the sand, the length of the piece measures five feet, and the weight 174 pounds. Edinburgh Courant, Magnificent Saltcellar.-In Roscoe's translation of the Poetry. FAREWELL TO The dream is o'er, the spell is broke, From fairy visions rudely woke, I start amazed, aghast! Ye favourite haunts, ye peaceful glades, Ye hills and vallies fair; What spirit of your sylvan shades Low bend your heads, ye lofty woods, Ye Nymphs and Hamadryads fair, Ye genii of the spot; Ye tiny elves disporting near, In flowery dell or grot. Ye Naiads of the glittering stream, That silent vigil keep; Wake, wake, from out your tranquil dream, And learn, like me, to weep. Ah! turn to this cold earth again, And quit your airy steep, Ye shades that round St. Wilfrid's fane Angels that guard yon blessed spot, And point to joy, and heaven. Lov'd scenes adieu! the foot of time, And I must brave a colder clime, And oh! one parting prayer would plead And words are weak, and tears are vain, One kiss, and bid me go! Deep in my breast your love enshrined, Teach me through life to be resigned, From heaven's high arches bend, GREECE. Oh, Greece! fair theme of many a poet's song, Inflicted on thy children by their foes. To man her treasures-teaching him to excel To shun the sight so hateful to their eyes, Of Greeks-no longer Greeks-become a Turkish prize! Oh, days of turpitude!-degenerate race Of noble sires, whose deeds of brightest fame To light your bosoms with a generous flame? And Virtue left the land, and Vice commenced her reign. TO THE EDITOR. SIR, Should you think the following enigma worthy a portion of that corner in your interesting miscellany which you adopt for the amusement of the little folks, it is at your service; I do not know that it ever was in print.-Yours, &c. JUVENIS. Manchester, July 8, 1823 Hark! ladies your silence I ask, If a boon that's so rare you will grant, Impose a few moments the task, Nor tell me you won't and you can't;— Your wishes and schemes I fulfil, And the line you ordain I pursue, Or snug in your pocket I'm found, I am found both to strengthen and save; I attend you through life to the last, Promotion you know is the boast Of men who stand high in renown, Take pleasure in piercing me through. I proceed from the mouth of the great; I could prove him indebted to me, I am light as a breath or a sound, No matter for why they convene, With them I may always be seen; I am found both of silk and of stuff; But surely I've told you enough; A NEW SONG, WRITTEN FOR THE ANNIVERSARY DINNER OF THE LIVERPO PRINTERS, HELD ON SATURDAY, JULY 19, 18 TUNE-" Gee ho, Dobbin." Ye famed men of letters, companions so jolly, Huzza! for the Printer, may care never press On Mersey's wide margin I went on the tramp, When a fair slender female, of paragon face, Her figure was capital-'twas nonpareil, In my heart Cupid's shooting-stick made devastation, On the rack lest she'd batter my heart with the qui. Though reduced to a cypher, I soon numbered hopes up, A kiss I imprinted—an impression made; No bar to my wishes, I hot-pressed the maid; My registered vows, as her page, rose above, And em-braces soon proved the full token of love. The matter revised, to the chapel we ran, Where the father, with book-work, soon bound us in on Made up by the job, I was locked up in joy: No sorrow could get in, my mind to annoy. Huzza, &c. Ts true, she would fret me with cross-rule and clatter, of myself she soon gave me a second edition. At may be out of form, yet a verse I'll insert- May bealth brace your nerves, and distribute all woe. If foes to the press, monks or friars, be dreaded, ut then be your cannon well pointed and leaded: May you be them to death with your cannon well pointed. The freedom's bulwark, for ever, Huzza! Bet you pressed me to sing, and, though out, I've no doubt Huzza, &c. Then your frames become battered with age, and look lank, and when to the fight-house at evening you start, O! Though aft you impose, in this world, without feeling, And now, since we're met here to feast and to drink, Il bere for our padding again we shall hie, y you live on the fat of the land without pie. Huzza, &c. sease in which the types are placed à priori, uden plied afterwards into the galley. welges used to lock up the types in the chase. thar, wad, is to put the words in type, letter by letter. ntains the small letters of the alphabet; and the Mendes stains the CAPITALS. (th, canze, minion, english, diamond, pearl, and cannon Tefiderent sizes of type.) * is a stick with which and a mallet the types ed up in the forius. abar case in which the matter is placed in columns, led in proofs. me in which cases not in use are placed. the face of a letter is broken, it is battered; then a journeyman is discharged, he has the qui (L.c. press, that which the pressman lays hold of to averion goes a-drinking, he "goes on the batter." Double, is a successive repetion of a clause or word. Frames are stands on which the cases are placed. Light house, the public-house that gives credit. To impose is to arrange the pages in type. Hell, the box for worn-out type to be thrown into. Stone, a stone table or lab on which the types are locked-up. Fat, the blanks or absence of letter-press at the ends of verses Pic, types deranged or confusedly mixed. sweat, and therefore no chill ensued. The thermon.eter proves that the air all the year round is the coldest at sunrise, and yet the early morning bather in this climate leaves a warm bed to stay in the water ten or twenty minutes and gets completely starved, which he never recovers per haps the rest of the day; he is sleepy after dinner, and is among the first to move for a little fire in the evening. During the whole of the six weeks, the writer of this article never felt any disagrecable sensation from bathing, and was certainly heartier at the end of the time, but perhaps a shower-bath at home would have had the sanie effect as far as mere bathing went; and after all that has been said about the benefit of sea-bathing, it is most likely that the secret lies in the healthy state of the spirits, arising from the novelty of the scene, change of amusements, and The following are amongst the Toasts given on the above agreeable company. occasion: Prosperity to the LIVERPOOL TYPOGRAPHIC SOCIETY,—may May the members of our profession ever be so quoined in unity, The respectable Master Printers of Liverpool,-may their un- public. Reformation of taste to those who employ the "Dying Speech" A speedy extermination of rats. The memory of our departed brethren,-whilst their forms May our asses never want a crib, nor our pigs a stye. The Bouquet. "I have here only made a nosegay of culled flowers, and have brought nothing of my own but the thread that ties them." MONTAIGNE. REVIVIANA. MICRO-CÓSMOGRAPHIE; or, a Piece of the 5. A MERE DULL PHYSICIAN, his practice is some businesse at Bed sides, and his speculation an Vrinall. He is distinguisht from an Emperick, by a round velvet cap, and The memory of John Guttemberg, the inventor of our art, Doctors Gown, yet no man takes degrees and his contemporaries and assistants. The memory of William Caxton, the first English printer. May the fount of Charity, like the widow's cruse of oil, never run dry. Scientific Records. more superfluously, for he is a Doctor howsoever. He is sworn to Galen and Hypocrates, as Vniversitie men to their statutes, though they never saw them, and his discourse is all Aphorismes, though his reading be onely Alexis of Fiemont, or the Regiment of Health. The best Cure he hath done, is [Comprehending Notices of new Discoveries or Improve upon his own purse, which from a lean sickments in Science or Art; including, occasionally, sin-linesse he hath made lusty and in flesh. His gular Medical Cases; Astronomical, Mechanical. Phi losophical, Botanical, Meteorological and Mineralogical learning consists much in reckoning up the Phenome, or singular Facts in Natural History, hard names of diseases, and the superscribVegetation, &c.; Antiquities, &c.; to be continued in a series through the volume.] tions of Gally-Pots in his Apothecaries Shoppe, which are rankt in his Shelves, and the Doctors memory. He is indeed onely languag'd in diseases, and speakes Grecke many times when he knows not. If he have been but a by-stander at some desperate recoverie, he is slandered with it, though he be guiltlesse; and this breeds his reputation, and that his practice; for his skill is meerly Of all odours he likes best the SEA-BATHING. When a doctor fails in curing a complaint, if it be sum. mer time he sends his patient to the sea-side, and orders him to drink salt-water and bathe alternately, in other words, to brace the systein one day and relax it the next and this upon a constitution which he has perhaps previously racked with the fashionable compounds out of his own shop. It is for the doctors to explain what good can arise, either to invalids or persons in health, in the taking of such a coarse purge two or three times a week. The generality of visitors seem to have no better reason for theaters of one oface when assembled. The Father taking sea water, than that they cannot get it at home; opinion. to impression. age backing exactly on the other. sed to join two or more lines together. two bundred and fifty sheets of paper. met Lupressions a second time examined. Topsiding officer. bok printing. Patty small bills, &re. ro is to arrange the type. to lock-up is to wedge the types into the frame or the common plan, the writer of this article pursued the and a few caricature the general notion, by bathing and smell of Vrine, and holds Vespasians rule, as to get moderately warm, and another after, and he al ways bathed about the warmest part of the day, because though he cannot conster. the state of the air then was sure to prevent any starv- |