[4] State of the BAROMETER in inches and decimals, and of Farenheit's THERMOMETER in the open air, taken in the morning before fun-rife, and at noon; and the quantity of rain-water fallen, in inches and decimals, from the 30th of Dec. 1789, to the 30th of January 1790, near the foot of Ar thur's Seat. 21: 13:50 greatest height at noon. 26 least ditto, morning, 24. 30.25 greatest elevation. 28. 28.4875 leaft ditto, EDINBURGH MAGAZINE, OR, LITERARY MISCELLANY. VIEWS IN SCOTLAND. ROSLIN CASTLE. THIS caftle is fituated about feven miles fouth of Edinburgh, it is built upon a rock, and the only access to it formerly was by a draw-bridge; but, when the castle was last repaired, a stone bridge was built as a more commodious entry. Esk water passes within twenty yards of the bottom of the rock. It was built by William Sinclair, prince of Oldenburg, Earl of Orkney and Caithness, Lord Chancellor, and Lord Adıniral of Scotland, the greatest fubject for wealth and power in this kingdom, in the reign of king James II. He also built Roslin chapel, the most entire religious house in Scotland. The castle went to ruin before the Reformation. It was in part rebuilt in the reign of king James VI. and that part has lately been repaired, and a few apartments in it are still habitable. To this place crowds of the inhabitants of Edinburgh resort during the summer time, to regale themselves with strawberries, and other fruits, which are found here in great perfection. Roflin derives its name from Ros (a promontory) and Lin (a water-fall) as the promontory of the water-fall. D. E. 1 Extract of Lieutenant Watts's Narrative of the Return of the Lady Penrhyn Transport; containing an Account of the Death of Omai, and other interesting Particulars, at Otaheite †. N arriving at Otaheite, their first care was naturally to procure some refreshments, and it was a pleasing circumstance for them to see the natives flock round the ship, calling out, Tayo, Tayo, which sig nifies Friends; and 'Patri no Tutti,' Cook's ship; and, bringing in very great plenty cocoa-nuts, bread-fruit, plantains and taro, and a fruit known by the name of the Otaheite apple; they also brought some hogs and fowls. All † From Phillip's Voyage to Botany Bay. All the Indians appeared glad to see them, and disposed of their various commodities on very moderate terms, and, indeed, their whole behaviour indicated the most friendly intentions. In the evening, the Chief of Matavai came on board, and in him Lieutenant Watts recollected an old friend: the Chief was greatly pleased to see Mr Watts, as he was the only person in the ship who had been here before, except the steward, who had been before the mast in the Resolution; therefore, when Mona (which was the Chief's name) saw his old acquaintance, he explained to his companions who he was, and that he had been with Captain Cook, and they seemed very glad to have some of their old visitors again. Mr Watts learned from Mona, that O'too was still living, that he was always called Earee Tutti, and then was absent on a visit to the eastward, but expected to return in four or five days: At the fame time, he said, messengers had been fent to acquaint him of the ship's arrival. He also informed Mr Watts, that Maheine, the Chief of Eimeo, to retaliate the mischief done him by Captain Cook, had, after the departure of the Resolution and Discovery from the islands, landed in the night at Oparree, and destroyed all the animals and fowls he could lay hold of, and that O'too was obliged to fly to the mountains. He likewise intimated, that the Attahooroo men joined Maheine in this business. Indeed, it occurred to Mr Watts, that, when here in the Resolution, Taha, the Chief of that district, threatened fomething of the kind in a quarrel with O'too, and probably smothered his resentment only for a time, fearful of Captain Cook revenging it, should it come to his knowledge. The next day, Oediddee agreeably surprised them with a visit on board: he was greatly rejoiced to fee them, and enquired after all his friends in a very affectionate manner: He took great pleasure in recounting his route in the Resolution, had treasured up in his memory the names of the several places he had been at in her, nor had he forgot his English compliments. He informed them that no ship had been at the islands since Capt. Cook: therefore, they concealed his death, and Captain Sever made Oediddee a present, as coming from Capt. Cook. Oediddee confirmed the report of the cattle, &c. being destroyed by Maheine, and likewise informed them that Omai, and the two New Zealand boys, had been dead a confiderable time through illness, and that one horse only was alive at Huaheine, but they could not learn any further particulars from him. In the evening of the 13th, a meffenger came on board with a present from O'too of a small pig, a dog, and some white cloth, and intimated that he would be at Matavai the next day. Early in the next morning, but few canoes came off to the ship, and the natives were observed afssembling on the shore in prodigious numbers: soon afterwards, a canoe, came alongside and informed them that O'too was on the beach; on this, the Capt. and Mr Watts went on shore immediately, and found him furrounded by an amazing concourse of people, amongst whom were several women cutting their foreheads very much with the shark's tooth; but what both surprised and pleased them very much, was, to see a man carrying the portrait of Captain Cook, drawn by Webber, in 1777. Notwithstanding fo much time had elapsed since the picture was drawn, it had received no injury, and they were informed that O'too always carried it with him wherever he went. After the first salutations were over, Mr Watts asked O'too to accompany him to the ship, to which he readily agreed; but previously to his entering the boat he ordered the portrait in, and, when he got alongside the ship, he observed the the fame ceremony. When on board he appeared much pleased, asked after his old friends, and was very particular in his inquiries after Capt. Cook. He visited the ship between decks, was aftonished to see so few people on board, and the greatest part of them in a debilitated state, and inquired if they had lost any men at sea. He acquainted them with the revenge taken by the Eimeo people, and asked why they had not brought out some cattle, &c. He also mentioned the death of Omai, and the New Zealand boys, and added, that there had been a skirmish between the men of Uliatea and those of Huaheine, in which the former were victorious, and that a great part of Omai's property was carried to Uliatea. O'too was confiderably improved in his person, and was by much the best made man of any that they saw; nor was he, as yet, disfigured by the baneful effects of the ava. He preserved his original character in supplying the ship with provifions of every kind in the most liberal manner; and, when any of the natives who had come from a confiderable distance, begged his intercession with them on board to take their hogs, &c. off their hands, which, on account of the few people they had, they were often obliged, much against their inclination, to refufe, he was very moderate: indeed, he generally left the matter to themfelves, and whenever he undertook to dispose of another person's property was always well paid for his trouble. During their stay at Otaheite, he daily paid them a visit, and importuned the Captain very much to move the ship into the Resolution's old birth: where she then lay, she was nearly in the fituation of the Dolphin on her first anchoring; and, though at some distance from the watering-place, yet, confidering the small number of people on board, and their weak situation, the Captain judged it prudent to re main where he was, as in cafe of ne cessity he could put to sea instantly. O'too was always accompanied by a woman, whose advice he asked upon every occafion; the was by no means handsome, neither did the pofsess that delicacy, or those engaging manners, that so much diftinguish her country women in general: she was of the Earree class, and seemed to have great anthority; but whether or no she was his wife they did not learn, though Mr Watts was rather inclined to think they were married, and he appeared to be greatly attached to her. The King and all the Chiefs were very urgent for Captain Sever to go to Eimeo and revenge their quarrel, and several of them offered to get a stock of provisions and accompany him; however, to this request he gave a positive refusal. About three days before they quitted Matavai Bay, O'too brought the ring of an anchor on board, observing it might be made into small hatchets: Mr Watts, upon examining it, recollected that it certainly belonged to an anchor which Captain Cook bought of Opooni, at Bola Bola, in 1777: as there was no forge on board the Lady Penrhyn, the Captain offered O'too three hatchets for it, which he readily took. When Captain Cook bought the anchor just mentioned, it wanted the ring and one of the the palms, and, at that time, they knew that it had been carried from Otaheite, and belonged to Monf. Bougainville: how O'too came by the ring Mr Watts could not learn, but, had he possessed it when the Resolution was here, it is reasonable to suppose he would have brought it to Captain Cook, and the more fo, as at that time the natives used to bring many large pieces of iron (which they had obtained from the Spaniards) to be either worked up or exchanged for trinkets. Though from the feafon of the year they had reason to expect tained in tolerable plenty, but they were all cocks, and old; the natives likewife brought goats alongside for sale, and some of them brought cats and offered them in barter. Captain Sever purchased a fine maleand milch goat with two kids. expect a scarcity of vegetables, yet was their avidity to obtain hatchets, they were agreeably surprised to find knives, &c. that every produce the them in the greatest plenty and pro- island afforded was purchased at very fusion; hogs were multiplied amaz- reasonable rates, nor were the first ingly, and, from the proceedings of prices given attempted to be altered the natives, Mr Watts was induced during their stay. Besides hatchets, to think they were defirous to thin knives, and nails, the natives were them, as they brought none to barter very desirous to have gimlets, files, but sows, and the greatest part of and scissars; they also asked for lookthem were with pig: fowls were ob- ing-glasses, and white transparent Cocoa-nuts are a never-failing article at this place, and the breadfruit, which was so scarce when the Endeavour was here at the fame seafon of the year, was now exceeding ly plentiful, and in high perfection, as was the Otaheite apple; plantains, both ripe and green, and taro, the natives brought in great quantities, but yams and sweet potatoes were very scarce. They purchased seven or eight dozen of pumkins, and a quantity of chilipods, which were some of the produce of the Resolution's garden, and one of the Indians brought fome cabbage leaves on board, but the cabbages, as well as sundry other vegetables, were gone to ruin for want of proper care and attention. The natives could not be enticed to eat any of the pumkins, and the chilipods they faid poisoned them. It already has been observed, that no ship of any nation had visited this island since Captain Cook, and, from appearances, the iron which the natives obtained at that time was pretty well exhausted, as the only iron now seen was the blade of a table-knife; neither did they bring any tools on board to be sharpened, which certainly would have been the cafe had they been possessed of any, and such beads, but of these latter articles they had none on board: red feathers, which had formerly been held in great esteem, were now of no value; they would accept them as presents indeed, but would not barter any one article for them. As their fituation was not a very eligible one, Mr Watts did not think it prudent to go any great distance from the ship, or even to be much on shore, so that he was prevented from gaining much information, or feeing into many matters that might have enabled him to judge whether the whole of their report respecting Omai, and the loss of his property, &c. was true or not; however, he was inclined to think that the cattle and all the animals were killed, except goats, as Oediddee, when he confirmed the revenge of the Eimeo people, never mentioned that any one animal was faved: goats, indeed, had been left on former voyages, and, from increase, had become the property of many, but Maheine's resentment, it seems, was levelled at O'too only. Great numbers of the natives had been carried off by the venereal difease, which they had caught from their connections with the crews of the Resolution and Difcovery; nor were the women so free from this complaint as formerly, especially the lowest class, the better fort seemingly not wishing to hazard the catching fo terrible a disorder. 4 Narrative |